diagnosis monitoring and fracture risk assessment
Báo cáo khoa học: "Relationships Between Animal Health Monitoring and the Risk Assessment Process" docx
... for risk assessments provided through animal disease monitoring and surveillance systems Risk assessment step Input provided through monitoring and surveillance systems Animal trade risk assessment ... between monitoring and surveillance systems (MO&SS) and risk assessment The requirements to be fulfilled by MO&SS in order to support high-quality risk assessments are discussed Acta vet scand Suppl ... human cases Cost of human cases Monitoring and surveillance data and their effect on the risk assessment process The type of input data required to conduct risk assessments depends on the underlying...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 0 pps
... Ecological Risk Assessment in Coastal and Estuarine Environments Morris H Roberts, Jr., Michael C Newman, and Robert C Hale Chapter European Approaches to Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment ... and Gary Bigham Chapter 12 Incremental Chemical Risks and Damages in Urban Estuaries: Spatial and Historical Ecosystem Analysis Dave Ludwig and Timothy J Iannuzzi Chapter 13 Ecological Risk Assessment ... entities ranging from biomolecules to landscapes Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment is the first book to address the application of the current risk assessment paradigm to coastal marine environments...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 1 potx
... estuarine environment on risk assessment need careful consideration 1.2 APPLICATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN ESTUARIES Although the use of ecological risk assessment in aquatic, and especially estuarine, ... activity, and growth? Some of these issues are not unique to estuarine and coastal systems, and obviously have persistent and collective implications about the validity of any risk assessment ... effects, and the so-called relative risk assessment In each of these cases, frequent mention is made of managing risk or the process being risk- based,” yet many times no actual determination of risk...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 2 potx
... on emission control and environmental monitoring within retrospective risk assessment frameworks Section 2.4 discusses ways the EU addresses prospective risk assessment, and Section 2.5 looks ... Ecological Risk Assessment, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, 1993 European Union, Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment for New and Existing Substances, Part 2, Environmental Risk Assessment ... invertebrates, and algae A deterministic risk assessment of product impacts on humans and wildlife must be carried out for both new and existing pesticides This combines hazard assessments with...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 3 ppsx
... e.g., chlorinated and brominated dioxins and furans Landfilling is becoming increasing difficult and expensive as a result of dwindling available space and increased “tipping fees” at landfills Ocean ... States annually and 54% of this is land-applied on agricultural, public, and residential lands.146 Many human population centers and associated STPs are located in coastal areas and much of the ... goals and priorities of any monitoring work must be carefully considered For example, trade-offs often exist between the need for analytical specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity on the one hand and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 4 docx
... reasons, the imbalance between efforts employed in causality assessment and risk estimation is evident throughout the ecological risk assessment literature Associated dangers are succinctly described ... the resistance to abandon a theory despite clear evidence refuting it Theory tenacity is prevalent throughout all sciences and science-based endeavors, and ecological risk assessment is no exception ... requirement for quantitative assessment of risk; and qualitative statements of likelihood become the accepted norm.3 (This fact was briefly acknowledged in Chapter for EU-related risk assessment. ) The application...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 5 ppt
... have been isolated and purified from fish and crustaceans, and partially purified from mollusks and annelids.84–88 Important intermediates in the oxidative metabolism of hydrocarbons and other xenobiotics ... the bile and finally elimination via urine.105 The hepatopancreas of crustacea, digestive glands of mollusks and annelids, and livers of fish play important roles in the accumulation and metabolism ... Board and Australian Marine Sciences Association, Sydney, 1992, 253 10 Zdanowicz, V.S., Gadbois, D.F., and Newman, M.W., Levels of organic and inorganic contaminants in sediments and fish tissues and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 6 pdf
... are Lavaca Bay, Texas and Baltimore Harbor, Maryland (Data taken from Mason and Lawrence5 and Lawrence and Mason.6) ©2002 CRC Press LLC plus water; and sediment, water, and “food.” The feeding ... Lawson and Mason,33 Benoit et al.,34 Phinney and Bruland,38 and Reinfelder and Chang.35 ©2002 CRC Press LLC than the free metal ion.35 The Kow is, however, much lower than that of HgCl2, and is ... Hg and MMHg bioavailability and bioaccumulation into both benthic and pelagic organisms and has contrasted these processes to those of other toxic metals and metalloids, such as Cd, Pb, As, and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 7 pptx
... complex and may vary by site and with time 7.2.2 INCORPORATION OF METAL SPECIATION INTO RISK ASSESSMENT Incorporating consideration of metal speciation into risk assessment has been a slow and incomplete ... water quality criteria and sediment quality guidelines) and risk assessment frameworks (e.g., NRC framework, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD, and European Union, or ... uptake contributed between 75 and 89, 35 and 76, and 17 and 57% for Ag, Zn, and Co, respectively, depending on the particle type, assuming the contribution of dietary and dissolved exposures to...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 8 ppt
... long-term, and complex tests.105 In this section, we outline some of the issues presented when testing for EDCs during risk assessment of new chemicals in the laboratory (prospective risk assessment) and ... environmental monitoring in assessing temporal and spatial trends caused by EDCs138 (and see review in Matthiessen et al.20) The Oslo and Paris Commissions in Europe now include assessment of TBT and investigation ... R.J., and Ankley, G.T., A perspective on the risk assessment process for endocrine-disruptive effects on wildlife and human health, Risk Anal., 16, 731, 1996 10 Kendall, R et al., Principles and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 9 pdf
... the results of the exposure and effects assessment are used to estimate risk to the assessment end points identified in problem formulation, and the risk is interpreted and conclusions are reported.6 ... developed a framework for ecological risk assessment (ERA) that consists of four phases: (1) problem formulation, (2) exposure assessment, (3) effects assessment, and (4) risk characterization.6 The problem ... East United States New Zealand United Kingdom South of New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand West United States New Zealand Japan East United States United Kingdom New Zealand 13.8 81.4 8.6 37.6 50.1...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 10 ppt
... Ecological Risk Assessment, Risk Assessment Forum, U.S EPA/630/R-92/001, Washington, D.C., 1992 U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines for Application of a Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment, ... toxicological, and ecological attributes specific to the concerns Modeling efforts and laboratory and field studies have contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the risks of chronic ... Benton, T.G and Grant, A., Elasticity analysis as an important tool in evolutionary and population ecology, Trends Ecol Evol., 14, 467, 1999 15 Calow, P., Sibly, R.M., and Forbes, V., Risk assessment...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 11 ppt
... individual Simple and transparent (i.e., easy to understand and replicate) methods should be developed for application in a regulatory context to expand the scope of ecological risk assessments to ... of an ecological risk assessment in terms that may be quantitatively applied to evaluate environmental protection 11.2 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MODEL The objective of the assessment component ... with standard deviation (sBW) of 670 g, and a minimum and maximum body mass of 1600 and 3000 g, respectively The model was truncated to disallow values greater than or less than the minimum and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 12 docx
... assessing and reducing risks that have relied on a chemical-by-chemical, medium-by-medium, risk- by -risk strategy While risk assessment has been growing more complex and sophisticated, the output of risk ... sources of impact REFERENCES Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management, Risk Assessment and Risk Management in Regulatory Decision-Making Final Report, Vol 2, ... and to render management actions as effective as possible, risk assessment is a fundamental decision-making tool The U.S EPA guidelines for ecological risk assessment5 make this clear: Risk assessments...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 13 docx
... Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), Gland, Switzerland, 1993 Anonymous, Reefs at Risk, IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), Gland, Switzerland, 1993 Gustavson, ... applicable to risk assessments in these environments, and to highlight areas needing special attention during assessments in marine systems Strong and dynamic gradients, e.g., salinity and hydraulic ... dominate the ecology and chemistry of these systems, and their influence must be considered in estuarine risk assessments more than in ©2002 CRC Press LLC The ecological risk assessment paradigm...
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Báo cáo y học: "(Sub)clinical cardiovascular disease is associated with increased bone loss and fracture risk; a systematic review of the association between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis" ppsx
... = 0.001) 194 100% BMD lumbar spine and hip by DXA Prevalent vertebral fracture IMT and prevalent plaque BMD and IMT: NS BMD and plaque: NS Vertebral fracture and plaque: OR: 2.8 (95% CI 1.17 to ... disease and BMD hip: OR: PAD by ABI 1.22 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.43) PAD and BMD hip: NS Men: Prevalent CV disease and BMD hip: NS PAD and BMD hip: OR: 1.39 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.84) 260 BMD and IMT: NS BMD and ... non-vert fracture: OR: 1.52 (95% CI 0.30 to 7.45) BMD hip by DXA Change BMD in PAD vs no Incident fractures by x-ray and hospital PAD: records -0.60% vs -0.32% (P < 0.001 PAD and non-vert fracture risk: ...
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Human health and ecological risk assessment and risk management
... risk assessment General human and eco-toxicology Tools used in risk assessments Animal studies Human studies Exposure assessment Mode of Action Standard setting Management and communication RISK ... the assessment of risk of chemicals to human health and well-being and the environment, and present the newest concepts in the evaluation of risks Format: Lectures including case studies, and risk ... case studies, and risk assessment exercise, special feature Presentation of IPCS/WHO Risk Assessment Toolkit Teaching material: Hand-outs of power-point presentations, and additional material...
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Mixture toxicity of POPs dioxins, PCBs, PBDEs considerations from mechanisms of actions and for risk assessment
... limited toxicological relevance and use for risk assessment of environmental matrices Aspects reduced bioavailability, environmental fate and transport not in present REP/TEF ... not in present REP/TEF studies evaluated Mixtures of PCDDs, PCDFs and DL-‐PCBs s*ll a health risk? One order of magnitude decline in background human exposure since ... Disease? WHO-‐FERG In prep 14-‐12-‐11 Different safety standards for dioxin like compounds (TEQs) and DDT with calculated equivalent human milk levels 14-‐12-‐11...
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Statistical Methods of Valuation and Risk Assessment: Empirical Analysis of Equity Markets and Hedge Fund Strategies
... the Riskometer, in chapter of Extremes and Integrated Risk Management (London: Risk Books) Mina J., and J.Y Xiao (2001), Return to RiskMetrics: The Evolution of a Standard, Discussion paper, RiskMetrics ... Fung and Hsieh (2002) and Mitchell and Pulvino (2001) who investigated the performance characteristics of trend-following and risk- arbitrage strategies, respectively More recently, Agarwal and ... insight and extend our understanding of hedge fund risks to a wide range of equity oriented hedge fund strategies They characterised the risk exposures of hedge funds using buy -and- hold and option-based...
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Practical industrial safety, risk assessment and shutdown systems, elsevier (2003)
... lEC 61508 and a similar safety life cycle model will be used Hazards and risk reduction 2.1 Introduction In this chapter we are going to build up an understanding of hazards and risk and look ... Introduction to hazards and risks The first part of the book is all about the identification of hazards and the reduction of the risks they present What is a hazard and what is a risk? A hazard is ... Safety, Risk Assessment and Shutdown Systems for Industry • Objective to 'facilitate the development of application sector standards' • lEC 61511: process industry sector standard on the way The standard...
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