... estimate the hopping frequency and hop transition time at the same time 1.2.4 Typical Types of Jamming Against FHSS In FHSS systems, there are four main kinds of intentionally jamming sources These are ... estimated, and so, the lower the jamming power (or the higher the signal to jamming ratio), the less accurate the jamming estimates The increased inaccuracy inthe jamming estimates leads in turn to ... address jointly the problem of frequency estimation and synchronization of frequency hopping signals in a FH system To maintain synchronization inthepresenceof fading or narrowband interference,...
... uncertainties, machine -8- Chapter Introduction failures and so on The main difficulty in inventory control is to tradeoff between the costs of maintaining high and low inventory levels Maintaining ... INVENTORY SYSTEMSINTHEPRESENCEOF AN ELECTRONIC MARKETPLACE BAO JIE (B.Eng TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND SYSTEMS ... supplier inthe first period Inthe second period, resellers can buy and sell inventories among themselves in a secondary market The transaction price inthe second market is determined to clear the...
... types of fading are discussed below Slow fading – It arises when the coherence time ofthe channel is large when compared to the delay constraint ofthe channel In this type of fading, the amplitude ... A 1 H p2 (50) In (49) xopt represents the value of x inthe absence of noise The remaining terms in (49) gives the contribution of noise terms in determining the value of x Now we will derive ... reduce the effect of jamming But the focus of most of these algorithms is the 12 elimination of partial band jamming [5-11], with the problem of follower jamming addressed to a smaller extent in...
... as the Doppler bandwidth increases because ofthe poorer quality ofthe initial channel estimates Finally, the near-far resistance ofthe CDMA-BEM receiver is illustrated in Figure The SNR ofthe ... detection of a single ST-OFDM codeword In particular, if r j [l, n] denotes the received signal sample taken at the output ofthe jth DFT for the nth subcarrier frequency inthe lth OFDM symbol interval, ... H(k+1) needed for the initialization ofthe ST-OFDM BEM inthe (k + 1)th iteration ofthe receiver At the beginning ofthe first iteration, however, no a priori information on the channel symbols...
... normalizing the pattern by the gain at the desired direction, these two parameters α and B are determined by SYSTEM MODEL 2.1 Beamforming sin 0.5Mπ(sin θ − sin ψ) M sin 0.5π(sin θ − sin ψ) α= ... , (13) In this section, the outage probability of MC-CDMA systemsinthepresenceof CFO with perfect beamforming is evaluated To start the analysis ofthe outage probability, the SINR in (11) ... beamforming model described in Section 2.2 Assume that there are Kn interfering users within the mainlobe having a unit antenna gain with the probability B, and K − Kn − interfering users within the...
... apply part ofthe present theorem We now turn to the issue of so called “martingale modelling”, and remark that one ofthe main morals ofthe martingale approach to arbitragefree pricing of derivative ... to be adjoint ofthe martingale operators • We show that uniqueness ofthe martingale measure is equivalent to the denseness ofthe image space ofthe hedging operators In particular, it turns ... portfolio, arbitrage, market completeness, martingale operator, hedging operator, affine term structure Introduction One ofthe most challenging mathematical problems arising inthe theory of financial markets...
... aligned in such a way that those parts ofthe protein structure that are probably immersed inthe micelle are pointing downwards The vertical arrow represents the normal ofthe micelle–water interface ... K, Hoffmann S, Bauer F, Friedrich U, Kardinal C, Feller SM, Biesinger B & Sticht H (2002) Structural investigation ofthe binding of a herpesviral protein to the SH3 domain of tyrosine kinase ... undetectable inthepresenceof Mn2+ The solvent-exposed C-terminus of VpUcyt probably pointed away from the surface ofthe micelle The three amide cross-peaks originating from the hydrophobic...
... being the most adequate for the final evaluation ofthe kinetic parameters inthepresenceof stearate Evaluation of kinetic parameters Fig Comparison of three models for the catalytic action of ... action of plasmin inthepresenceof stearate The p-nitroaniline (P) released inthe course of hydrolysis of 40 lM Spectrozyme-PL by 20 nM plasmin inthepresenceof 115 lM stearate is shown ... changes ofthe kinetic parameters reported inthe present study, oleate and arachidonate can be defined as mixed-type inhibitors of plasmin The effect of stearate is rather unusual; the increase in the...
... ramifications There are two possible molecular explanations for the inhibition ofthe Arg506 cleavage by heparin: (a) direct binding of heparin to FVa close to the Arg506 site; (b) binding of heparin to ... twofold (data not shown), indicating that the stimulatory effect of heparin on the cleavage at Arg306 is also observed inthepresenceof FXa Theoretically, the addition of heparin may induce the ... known to be part ofthe heparin-binding site in these three crystallized protein–heparin complexes were given as starting point for the docking search [30] At least one conformation ofthe simulated...
... form of BuChE, as indicated In each panel, the solid circles indicate the measured kcat values, the solid squares indicate the measured bkcat values, and the lines are the result of fitting the ... excess-substrate binding appears to involve the intricate interplay of a variety of residues inthe active site pH dependence of A328W Fig pH dependence for the turnover number (kcat) inthe absence of excess ... bkcat are consistent with titration ofthe catalytic histidine, H438(440) The persistence of activity inthepresenceofthe protonated form ofthe catalytic histidine is inconsistent with the...
... efficiency inthepresenceof this group of osmolytes Interestingly, there is a linear relationship between DDGD° and Dlog(kcat ⁄ Km) inthepresenceof methylamines and sugar However, the slopes ofthe ... and DGD° values inthepresenceof these osmolytes are given in Table However, DGD° values of RNase-A inthepresenceof alanine, serine, lysine, b-alanine, taurine and dimethylglycine have not ... are very different In fact, the slope inthepresenceof sugar osmolytes is 10 times less than that inthepresenceof methylamines A higher slope inthe case of methylamines will mean that the...
... increase inthe content of KNO3, the dimension of nanoparticles only became smaller Similarly, the nanorods and nanoparticles were obtained inthe products with the addition of NaNO3 or Na2SO4 The ... growth ofthe WO3 nanowires With the addition of different inorganic salts, the compositions and the corresponding properties ofthe solution are different inthe hydrothermal conditions The changes ... need the anisotropy during the growth process for the nanoparticles In our experiments, thepresenceofthe salts is also an important factor influencing the crystallization process and the growth...
... These results are largely robust to including the proportion of Group pupils inthe surrounding area as the explanatory variable, rather than the total number of Group pupils inthe surrounding ... among these individuals at the margin of receiving treatment 34 We have also calculated Manski bounds on within-school externalities inthepresenceof selection into treatment, but these are largely ... treatment in 1998 This was partly because of confusion inthe field about pupil age, and partly because inthe early stages ofthe program several ofthe Kenya Ministry of Health nurses administered...
... estimate ofthe benchmark’s PD The true PD ofthe benchmark is unknown We should therefore combine the variance ofthe ex-ante estimated probability of default ofthe rating source and that ofthe ... we use the HSLS statistic as a measure of goodness of fit when building the rating model using in- sample” data then the degrees of freedom ofthe χ distribution are k-2 Inthe context of this ... confidence interval The column “average DF” is an estimated average using in occurrences at the midpoint ofthe first interval and in occurrences at the midpoint ofthe second These averages are clearly...
... of p-amindinobenzamidine Figure 2B shows time courses for trypsinogen autoactivation inthepresenceof 100 lM p-amindinobenzamidine As seen in this figure, thepresenceof p-amindinobenzamidine ... least square procedure (Marquardt–Levenberg algorithm) to determine the parameters that minimize the sum ofthe squares of differences between the dependent variable inthe equations and the observations ... (12) Figure shows the effect of increasing inhibitor concentration on the kinetic parameters of trypsinogen autoactivation The dominant effect ofthe inhibitor à concentration appears to be on Km...
... understanding of how humans make use of various forms of shared visual information in their everyday communication The development of an integrated multi-modal model of referring behavior can improve the ... However, the visual information provided in each of these technologies can vary drastically The shared field of view can vary, views may be misaligned between speaking partners, and delays ofthe ... decompose the various features of shared visual information in order to better understand their independent effects on referring behaviors The following section provides an overview ofthe task paradigm...
... parameter estimates obtained inthe absence ofthe inhibitors (see above) Inthe case of gallamine investigated inthepresenceof MeCN, the calculation ofthe kinetic parameters was based on ... [3840] With regard to the involvement of PAS inthe processes of AD, the use of PAS inhibitors and dual-site inhibitors of AChE allows for the inhibition ofthe catalytic activity ofthe enzyme and ... AChEgallamine to hydrolyse ATCh is 1.7 25% of that of free AChE Inuence of MeCN on the inhibition of AChE The inhibition of AChE by tacrine, gallamine and compound was investigated inthepresence of...
... Error bars indicate the experimental uncertaintyofthe measurements observed between the Cu2+-induced and Zn2+-induced aggregates, reflecting the differences in metal-binding properties of Ab ... C-terminal region ofthe Ab(1–40) aggregates, suggesting they are assembled in a way that places the C-terminal residues inthe aggregate core This is similar to the arrangement found in Ab(1–42) ... where the C-terminal residues strengthen the hydrophobic interactions within the core ofthe fibrillar fold via a shift inthe protofilament assembly that positions the C-terminal residues of Ab(1–42)...
... Tg, softening depends on the melting of these crystallites, but can be changed by a chemical crosslinked network [5] The crosslinking influences on the softening point (Ts) ofthe PVC samples in ... inthepresenceof phr of TMPTMA ofthe PVC crosslinked samples decreases with increasing concentration of TMPTMA up to 15 phr Therefore, in order to obtain PVC having the highest , 0.4 phr of ... improves the molecular mobility, melting and softening of PVC and a result, Ts decreases with increasing Table 1: Softening point ofthe PVC samples containing different concentrations of DAPC...