dead imposed and wind loading
COLLADA: Geometry and Animation loading pptx
Ngày tải lên :
31/03/2014, 10:20
... understanding of COLLADA, even though you may be tempted to just use the importer and forget about it, it’s important that you understand the basic operations of loading data from a COLLADA file and ... the DOM and linked it etc I’m basically going to go through how to use the DOM for everything that we will need to get The DOM is very easy to understand and use, you will quickly understand it, ... float individually easily Read x, y and z of each position and add it to the Positions array for the mesh Get used to the stringstream and using it as it’s very handy I’m sure there are a ton of...
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janssen p. interaction of ocean waves and wind
Ngày tải lên :
24/04/2014, 17:00
... collaboration, and we thought we had the time of our life THE INTERACTION OF OCEAN WAVES AND WIND iii I would like to thank Gerbrand Komen, Klaus and Susanne Hasselmann, Mark Donelan and Luigi Cavaleri ... the wave spectrum due to advection and refraction on the one hand and, on the other hand, due to physical processes such as wind input, nonlinear interactions and dissipation by white capping After ... WAVES AND WIND with k the wavenumber and ω the angular frequency Wave number and angular frequency are related to the wave length λ and the frequency f of the wave according to k = 2π/λ and ω...
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Elasto plastic stress and strain behaviour at notch roots under monotonic and cyclic loadings
Ngày tải lên :
24/05/2014, 20:28
... underpredict notch root stress and overpredict notch root strain for both notched round bars and flat plates and under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions Notch root stress and strain predictions ... Predictions by notch stress and strain models and comparison of results Under cyclic loading condition, the stress and strain quantities in the analytical equations for monotonic loading are replaced ... used and the experimental strain measurements is provided Finite element analyses and comparisons with predictions from analytical notch stress and strain rules for both monotonic and cyclic loading...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems: Benefits and Risks pptx
Ngày tải lên :
27/06/2014, 08:20
... cattle, million sheep, and million horses now grazing on 324 million of U.S grassland and rangeland (USDA 2004, Mitchell 2000) Already overgrazing is a problem on U.S grasslands and a similar problem ... With the world and US populations expected to double in the next 58 and 70 years, respectively, all the available cropland and forestland will be required to provide vital food and forest products ... land, water, and biological resources To ensure a reasonable standard of living in the future, there must be a fair balance between human population density and use of energy, land, water, and...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 11 doc
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... of solar radiation, and is also a little more than a thousandth part of the power density we are used to from oil and gas So ineffective is 2.9 kW/ha, that about million of land would have to be ... 60, 122–124, 130, 271 W Wind, 65, 73, 111, 128, 130, 177, 298, 301, 302, 304, 306, 310, 313, 365, 410, 452, 474, 476, 479, 480 Wind power, 5–6, 133–149, 240 Wind, rivers, and tides, 267–269 Y Yield, ... of land b) The calorific value of the ‘useful’ ethanol produced each year per hectare of land, that is after subtracting the portion of ethanol that is needed for input into the agricultural and...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 1 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems David Pimentel Editor Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems Benefits and Risks 123 Editor Dr David Pimentel ... refining, and butanol production He holds several U.S and international patents, and works for a major oil company Robert is currently based in Scotland where he lives with his wife and three ... Accounting and Emergy Synthesis He has published over 200 papers in national and international journals and books His research in LCA covers renewable and nonrenewable energy systems (wind, geothermal,...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 2 pps
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... cattle, million sheep, and million horses now grazing on 324 million of U.S grassland and rangeland (USDA 2004, Mitchell 2000) Already overgrazing is a problem on U.S grasslands and a similar problem ... With the world and US populations expected to double in the next 58 and 70 years, respectively, all the available cropland and forestland will be required to provide vital food and forest products ... land, water, and biological resources To ensure a reasonable standard of living in the future, there must be a fair balance between human population density and use of energy, land, water, and...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 3 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... Valueb gCm−2 yr−1 Swamp and marsh Algal bed and reef Tropical forest Estuary Temperate forest Boreal forest Savanna Cultivated land Woodland and shrubland Grassland Lake and stream Upwelling zone ... (Mokany et al., 2006) d Lands with a mosaic of croplands, forests, shrublands and grasslands in which no one component covers more than 60% of the landscape e Herbaceous and other understory systems ... 2.3 Since the spatial set of land-cover classes cannot be easily mapped onto the administrative set of USDA classes of cropland, woodland, pastureland/rangeland, and forests, Hurtt et al (2001)...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 4 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... natural gas, and propane for drying grain So the same high oil prices boosting ethanol demand, and consequently, the demand and price received by farmers for A Review of the Economic Rewards and Risks ... to expand the nation’s land in production There are two sources: existing pasture land and land currently enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) In both instances, long term land use ... moving and handling infrastructure, its land, much of its technical inputs, and larger bulk purchases of its required inputs As the industry shifts, as firms become, on the average, larger and more...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 5 potx
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... supporting market prices for biofuels in the United States: tariffs, blending mandates, and tax credits and exemptions (de Gorter and Just, 2007) Ideally, MPS is measured by comparing actual prices obtained ... neither Elobeid and Tokgoz, nor any other researchers, have incorporated state-level renewable-fuel mandates into their models Such state-level mandates, if they are both enforced and more stringent ... $0.29 and $0.36 per gallon, per Elobeid and Tokgoz (2006) and Kruse et al (2007)) However, the tax credit subsidies are captured directly in our totals, while the MPS from the tariffs and RFS...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 6 potx
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... colleagues and friends including Andrea Bassi, John Gowdy, Andy Groat, Jean Laherrere and Kent Klitgaard, and many others who have helped us to try to understand these issues Art Smith and Lysle ... Herendeen and Bullard 1975, Hannon 1981, Kummel 1982, Kummel 1989, Jorgenson 1984 and 1988, Hall 1991, Hall et al 1986 (and others), Cleveland 1991, Dung 1992, Ayers 1996, Cleveland and Ruth 1997, ... is an understanding of the capital, operating and environmental costs, in terms of money and energy, to find, extract and use whatever new sources of oil remain to be discovered, and to generate...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 7 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... baseload, then wind turbines and the plant operating in harness with them can be set the task of providing a baseload up to the level of low demand Low demand is about 60% of mean demand Thus wind output ... of the wind turbines Working in harness, the wind turbines and the controllable plant together could produce a baseload equal to the rated power of the wind turbines In such a clear-cut and extreme ... more windy conditions than Germany, remains much the same, at 35.5/98 = 36% 6 Wind Power: Benefits and Limitations 139 That is not to say that the wind can satisfy 38% of total electrical demand,...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 8 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... (Kalam and Masjuki 2002) Palm oil presents an excellent case illustrating both the promise and the peril of biofuels Driven by demand from the U.S and the European Union (EU) due to mandated ... Jatropha Curcas L Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (Gartersleben) and International Plant Genetic Resources ... Sustainability of meat-based and plant-based diets and the environment Am J Clin Nutr., 78(3), 660S–663S Pramanik, K (2003) Properties and use of Jatropha curcas oil and diesel fuel blends in compression...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 9 pps
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... land → 13,333 hectares Technical coefficients of the process (per hectare and per liter of ethanol) Total labor demand gross supply: → 48 hours/1,000 liters (300 hours/ha/year) Total land demand ... 890–897 Cleveland, C.J., Hall, C.A.S., and Herendeen, R.A 2006 Letters – energy returns on ethanol production Science 312, 1746 Cleveland, C.J., Kaufmann, R., and Stern, S.I 2000 Aggregation and the ... Embodied energy and economic valuation Science 210, 1219–1224 Costanza, R and Herendeen, R 1984 Embodied energy and economic value in the United States Economy: 1963, 1967 and 1972 Resources and Energy...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 10 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... 80 Dias de Oliveira et al (2005) West and Marland (2002) Based on Dondero and Goldemberg (2005) and considering US$= reais Sugarcane and Ethanol Production and Carbon Dioxide Balances 219 advantage ... – Brasil Pimentel and Pimentel – 1996 Based on Pimentel and Pimentel – 1996 West and Marland (2002) ␣ values correspondent to oil consumption of all agricultural activities and transport of sugarcane ... mixture of 75% gasoline and 25% ethanol, such volume of gasohol corresponds to 568 L of gasoline and 189 L of ethanol According to West and Marland (2002), production, distribution and combustion of...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 1 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... of imprecision and uncertainty arise from non-random (determinate) and random (indeterminate) errors resulting from method, measurement, estimation, and/ or model decisions Non-random errors can ... end result is the BFC Stage Sub-activities and boundary demarcations are clearly delineated and justified And the pk and ⌬k values are presented in a standard format 10.2.4 Statistical Tools Use ... Boundaries and Parameters 257 Pimentel, D & Patzek, T (2005) Ethanol production using corn, switchgrass, and wood and biodiesel production using soybean and sunflower Natural Resources and Research,...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 2 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... programs involving biologically based fuels 11.3.1 Wind, Rivers, and Tides Wind has been used for thousands of years for sailing and for grinding grains, and decades ago in the United States there were, ... power from wind, and land-based wind turbines now cost from $1500 to $3000 per kilowatt, nearly 13 Your author operated one of the first commercial windmills produced by the Bergey Windpower Company ... of drought and flood, and possible increased frequency and severity of hurricanes Flooding in central England during summer 2007 and record-breaking floods in parts of India during 2006 and 2007...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 3 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... on contributions from the already rich and powerful, and insufficiently responsive to conditions and findings from advanced and still burgeoning science and technology Overall, the situation is ... increases in the price of corn and other human foods and livestock feeds, losses of already diminished habitat including tropical rainforests and wildlife, and losses of topsoil and increased stress on ... quality, and other inputs and impacts such as land, water, labor, and environmental health (Pimentel et al 2002, Hill et al 2006) When faced with these choices, energy policymakers in business and...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 4 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... transitionspastandfuture Cleveland, C., and R Costanza 1984 Net Energy Analysis of Geopressured Gas-Resources in the United States Gulf Coast Region Energy 9:35–51 Cleveland, C., R Costanza, C Hall, and ... York Herold and Co Upstream Performance Summary 2007 Hill, J., E Nelson, D Tilman, S Polasky, and D Tiffany 2006 Environmental, economic, and eneretic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol ... Pimentel and Patzek (2007) calculate this energy input from the energy content of cement, and stainless and mild steel We follow the same procedure and details of all the buildings, tanks and equipment...
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Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 5 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
06/08/2014, 04:20
... resource-poor and landless require land reform, which is now occurring at an increased pace, but more importantly they need resources and skills to invest in the land and markets for their products and ... 1% soluble C and high levels of K, S and N and some P, the results were disastrous Many rivers became eutrophic, there was massive death of fish and all other aquatic organisms, and the stench ... of pre-harvest burning and nitrogen and vinasse applications on yield of sugar cane and soil carbon and nitrogen stocks on a plantation in Pernambuco, N.E Brazil Plant and Soil, 281, 339–351...
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