... commercial and industrial loan portfolios. More specifically, we
find that aggregate use of derivative instruments, in particular interest- rate options, interest-
rate futures, and interest- rate forwards, ... Conclusions
Commercial banks employ different methods, including the use of interest- rate
derivatives to manage interest- rate risks. The use of these derivative instruments by banks
has increased tremendously ... 2000, Causes of U.S. bank distress during the depression,
NBER Working paper #7919.
Carter, David A., and Joseph F. Sinkey, Jr., 1998, The use of interestratederivatives by end-
users: The...
... between a floating interestrateand
the cap rate.
Interest rate floor
OTC option that pays the difference between the floor rateand a floating
interest rate.
Interest rate collar
Combination ... forwards, and
swaps as the foreign exchange part of the survey. Trading in forward rate
agreements (FRAs), currencyandinterestrate swaps, foreign exchange
options, andinterestrate options ...
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
2010
52
91
135
355
607
659
712
Unadjusted
Adjusted*
Chart 2: Daily U.S. FX andInterestRateDerivatives Turnover
Includes currency swaps, FX options, FRAs, interestrate swaps, and options. In $ billions equivalent.
423
167
110
64
*...
... between the floating rate coupon and the fixed rate coupon
payments is exchanged.
Figure 1: Single -Currency InterestRate Swap
Market participants often employ interestratederivatives for ... single currencyinterestrate swap, parties agree to
exchange payments periodically based on a fixed interestrate agreed upon at the outset of the transaction
and a floating interestrate based ... because they are more tailored and because hedging the risks and
the unwinding of positions can be costlier. Exotic product structures are estimated to make up around 2%
of the OTC interest rate...
... nominal interestrate applied to overdrafts is typically the sum of a spread and the one-month policy rate.
Current account contracts establish that changes in the policy rates are incorporated ... the spread between the interestrate on time deposits and
the repo rates on corresponding maturities. Then we compute an average interbank deposit rate
by weighting each rate with the amount ... Banking Relationships and the
Fragility of Corporate Borrowers” Journal of Banking and Finance, 22, 1441-1456.
Friedman, B. and Kuttner K. (1993), “Economic Activity and the Short-Term Credit...
... parameters and the φ(·; α) curve to the interest-
rate derivatives desk, and then proceed with finding β and ψ(·; β) from CDS data.
This ensures also a consistency of the interestrate model that is used ... the separate
and semi-automatic calibration of the interest- rate part to interest- rate data and of
the intensity part to credit market data. Indeed, in the separable case the credit
derivatives ... interest rates and of credit default swaps (CDS’s). Moreover, the
model retains free dynamics parameters that can be used to calibrate option
data, such as caps for the interestrate market and...
... in
Demirg
¨
u¸c-Kunt and Huizinga (1999) and Gischer and J
¨
uttner (2003). Interestrate differentials (i.c.
gaps between contractual interest rates and money market rates) as ex-ante measures of banking
profitability ... Following Sims and Zha (1999), among other things, fractiles are used instead
of standard deviations in computing error bands (the two-standard-deviation band is replaced by the
0.025 and 0.975 fractiles ... relatively
quickly after the shock, the one earned by granting loans to, above all, firms and households (which
are financed by their deposits and savings) rises after an interestrate shock. This...
... between interestrate deviations and housing bubbles
and that deviations of observed rates from Taylor-implied rates Granger-cause house
price bubbles. This impact is especially strong when interest ... relationship between
interest rate deviations and house price bubbles can be observed both beforeand after
the introduction of the single currency. The impact is, however, slightly stronger after
1999.
Table ... Reynard and Barbara Sutter: Liquidity Effects of
Quantitative Easing on Long-Term Interest Rates
36
Figure 2: Interest rates.
Observed short-term interestrate
Taylor-implied interest rate...
...
Option-based interestratederivatives can also be used to put a cap on interest expenses,
without foregoing the potential benefit of declining rates, to put a floor under interestrate reve-
nues, ... the floor rateand the notional principal. Depending on the variable
it first sets, the firm can create an interestrate collar or an interestrate participation
agreement. Interestrate collars ... in an interestrate swap in which the LRBA
bank pays fixed and receives floating rate, positive cash flows are generated by the particular in-
terest rate derivative when the interest rates...
... interestratehedging products (such as structured collars) and (ii) a number of poor sales
practices used in selling other interestratehedging products. We also found that sales rewards and ... FSA update – Interestratehedging products
Page 2 of 5
Background
Interest ratehedging products are typically separate to a loan and, if so, are regulated by the FSA. ... update
Interest ratehedging products
Information about our work and findings
Interest rate hedges include a variety of different products sold to customers to help protect them
against interestrate risk....