... together, these observations suggest that sterol synthesis may play a crucial role in cell polarization and in the function of PAKs and sterol biosynthetic proteins in the same pathway(s) Therefore, ... on biosynthesis of the major sterols Cla4p negatively influences SE formation We also examined the potential link between the Cdc42 effectors Ste20p and Cla4p andthe SE synthases Are1p and Are2p ... Ste20p and Cla4p may inhibit sterol biosynthesis Notably, we observed (using TLC and GLC ⁄ MS) higher amounts of sterols in the ste20D andthe cla4D strains TLC separates free sterols and SE, and...
... against the state and national government the Zapatista rebellion andthe resulting conflict has worsened their living conditions, mainly affecting the health and nutritional status of the population ... rural and urban populations, and they remain common causes of death during infancy and childhood, and even later in life By contrast, overweight and obesity affect a large proportion of the adult ... 1999 at the national level, the percentages of boys and girls affected by undernutrition were very similar For example, 8% of boys and 7% of girls had low weight according to their age, andthe prevalence...
... development and adoption of IB bythe U.S chemical industry and liquid biofuel producers andthe factors affecting the development and adoption of IB by these industries Commission staff defined the ... indicate the source of the goods and to distinguish them from the goods of others vii Trade secrets—Information that derives economic value from not being generally known by others, and that is the ... report was gathered by questionnaire directly from the liquid fuel and chemical industries The development and adoption of industrial biotechnology (IB) in the United States bythe chemical and liquid...
... subunits of these complexes cannot be assembled and are cleaved bythe intermembrane space (i)-AAA protease Yme1p and ⁄ or bythe matrix (m)AAA protease Afg3p ⁄ Yta12p To test whether Psd1p Fig The oxa1D ... formation by Psd1p This process includes synthesis of PtdSer in the endoplasmic reticulum bythe PtdSer synthase Pss1p and translocation of PtdSer to the site of Psd1p-catalyzed decarboxylation in the ... binds to the large subunit of mitochondrial ribosomes and thereby cooperates with the C-terminal ribosome-binding domain of Oxa1p to ensure proper insertion of proteins into the IMM Like the majority...
... Mr,analyte and Mr,ligand are the relative molecular mass of the analyte and ligand, respectively; n is the number of analyte-binding sites on the protein; (A) is the fraction of active sites on the ... signal (Fig 2C), andthe response isotherm gave a [A]0.5 of 168 lm Although Grp78 ⁄ BiP and Grp94 are the two major recipients of the pool of ATP translocated into the lumen of ER [24] the effects ... that Grp94 and six other ER proteins were selectively bound to an affinity column of denatured histone and specifically eluted by ATP, and that the release of Grp94 was further stimulated by Ca2+...
... pre-approved bythe audit committee Both the NYSE and NASDAQ proposals grant the audit committee the sole authority to hire and fire the external auditor and approve fees and terms of the audit and non-audit ... examine the company’s practices with regard to financial and other disclosures to ensure the company meets the requirements of the new legislation and proposed stock exchange listingrulesand that ... regulatory andcorporate law system will shape the specifics of its corporategovernanceCorporategovernance systems in the United States have been shaped by sets of pressures from: the Securities and...
... public disclosure regarding their credit ratings, the performance of their credit ratings, andthe methodologies they use to determine credit ratings Many of these proposals were mandated bythe ... considered or the quantitative definition of the rating, greater benefit can be provided to the market andthe users of ratings via further enhancements to thetransparencyand clarity of the rating ... analysis of the effectiveness of the firm’s management team, the competitive environment of its industry, the regulatory environment, andthe effectiveness of the firm’s corporategovernanceThe financial...
... any such rating The Commission will explore whether there should be improvements to the extent and quality of disclosureby issuers, including disclosures relating to the existence and impact of ... and state legislation, rules issued by financial and other regulators, and even in some foreign regulations The Commission itself has incorporated the NRSRO concept into additional areas of the ... disclose other important facts, thereby undermining the accuracy and reliability of their ratings 45 The second hearing panel consisted of two academics,46 the CEO of a credit research firm,47 and then-SEC...
... in corporategovernance at the company level The first part of the article presents a thumbnail sketch of the macroeconomic and structural conditions that confronted banks and their corporategovernance ... experience and financial data analysis These are important deficiencies in view of the demands placed on supervisors The division of responsibilities between the FSA, the Bank of England andthe Treasury ... While the post-2000 environment demanded the most out of corporategovernance arrangements, evidence points to severe weaknesses Thecorporategovernance dimension The post-2000 market and macroeconomic...
... covered regularly bythe media andthe Internet In view of the significant acceptance bythe scientific community of the impact of Climate Change since the first edition – andthe urgent need for ... discussion in the handbook that relates to corporategovernanceandthe broader understanding of due diligence as an ongoing internal tool It can take account of the background to the target and candidate ... corporate governance: the Indian perspective Chapter Overview History of governance in India Corporategovernance in India The legal and regulatory framework regarding corporategovernance in India Corporate...
... little and far too late in the day to make any tangible difference to prevailing practices in the banking andthe financial sector TheFSA s proposals for the future 38 TheFSA outlined in the annex ... both the remuneration committee andthe company management: “if they are advising the remuneration committee and not the management, that is one thing and, if they are advising the management and ... quality of the business, the risk management in the business; the second, it is the quantum of bonus that is paid and making sure that is in line with the relative success of the business andthe returns...
... extraction built The Global History of Corporate Governance: An Introduction around the fur trade, and then as first a French and then a British colony of settlement Their theme is how the institutions ... Socialist, Fascist, and Soviet socialist central planning, as described by Silverman (1998), Guerin (1945), and Hosking (1985), respectively, among others The Netherlands The Netherlands has the oldest ... market in the world, and its entrepreneurs largely invented the joint-stock corporation Chapter 8, in which de Jong and Röell discuss the history of corporategovernance in the Netherlands, is therefore...
... supported bythe full faith and credit of the governmental unit, by specific taxes statements Issues bythe GASB (q.v.), FASB technical bulletins Issues bythe staffs of the (q.v.), and FASAB (q.v.) ... other postemployment benefit plans, and pension trust funds Compares the annual required contributions with the contributions actually made Schedule of Funding Progress Schedule requiredbythe ... donor and a not-for-profit organization in which the donor (or beneficiary) andthe organization “split” the income and/ or principal of the gift Examples are charitable lead trusts (q.v.) and charitable...
... (ISS) is the world's leading provider of proxy voting andcorporategovernance data services ISS's proprietary rating system, CorporateGovernance Quotient (CGQ®), ranks thecorporategovernance ... that of the authors ISS exercised no editorial control over the findings The work is >> >The Correlation Between CorporateGovernanceand Company Performance Summary We first examined whether firms ... 2, panel B) CorporateGovernance Quotient (CGQ) is a rating system designed to assist institutional investors in evaluating the quality of corporate boards andthe impact their governance practices...
... related to disclosure, which are used to compile thetransparency index, the remaining questions constituting the non -transparency index We then examine the impact of corporatedisclosureandtransparency ... the CEO is also the Chairman of the board and otherwise; DUMMYA equals if the firm has a board audit committee and otherwise; DUMMYC equals if the firm has a board compensation committee and otherwise; ... equals if the firm has ADRs trading in the US and otherwise; DummyMSCI equals if the firm is included in an MSCI index and otherwise; and DummyHR equals if the firm is a red chip or H-share and otherwise...
... details and citations to the applicable legal rules 4.1 Board composition and independence The principal sources of Indian corporategovernancerules are the Company Law and “Clause 49” of the stock ... contribute to the literature on corporategovernance indices andthe connection between governanceand firm value We build a broad Indian CorporateGovernance Index (ICGI) and examine the association ... sponsored bythe Global CorporateGovernance Forum andthe Securities & Exchange Bureau of India, andthe India–China CorporateGovernance Conference, Virginia Beach for helpful comments and suggestions...
... all at the same level In contrast to the above components, transparency, disclosureand auditing is found to be the weakest Its score is 9/21, much lower than the average and score of other components ... deciding the point for each question In addition, questions for these components should be further review to better measure the quality of corporategovernance In banking system, disclosureandtransparency ... (2008), “Equalization in Vietnam: Corporategovernance perspective”, The business Times and Center for Governance, Institutions and Organizations ( 2011), Governanceandtransparency Index – GTI” T.N.Thang...
... filings, and other documents, especially the minutes and documents relating to the General Meeting of Shareholders, the company Articles of Association, and from the public media and other sources ... society andgovernance because this is a focus of investor attention andcorporate social responsibility Other areas of low compliance were the responsibilities of the board (35.3%) anddisclosureand ... 90% of the total market capitalization of these exchanges The companies were assessed against the five key areas, which are recognized bythe OECD Principles as the keys to good corporate governance: ...
... regressions The first dummy variable takes the value of for the year 1994 and zero otherwise, while the second takes the value for 1995 and zero otherwise Sample and data 4.1 Sample selection We chose the ... 295–316 mergers inflate their earnings prior to the merger in order to inflate their stock price and thereby reduce the cost of the merger Other studies have examined the incentives of managers ... recommendations focus on the independence of the board members who serve on the audit committee and on the active and formal role of the audit committee in the oversight process It further recommended...