... Hypothalamic efferents The output system involves the recognition ofthestress response, and engages both the neuroendocrine and neuronal pathways [13] The higher centres consisting ofthe cerebral ... Neurons ofthe NTS project to the paraventricular nucleus, and other hypothalamic nuclei among other destinations [15] The NTS has other viscerosensory fibres terminating on catecholaminergic neurons, ... parts ofthe brain stem, with numerous fibres terminating inthe caudal brainstem lateral tegmentum, including the locus coeruleus, parabrachial nuclei, nucleus subcoeruleus, andthe solitary and...
... number of ethical questions and safety concerns for the victim, others close to her, and for the interviewer Inthe process of gathering information there is the danger that the safety and individual ... were interviewed in private by a member ofthe research team In Albania, the Netherlands and Ukraine, the support organisation was also the study partner In Thailand, the study partner was the ... transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons by means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, ofthe abuse of power, or of a position of vulnerability...
... cDNA andits derivatives generated by PCR were cloned into pGEX-4T-2 The KIND domains of Spir-2 and PTPN13 were generated by RT-PCR and inserted into pEGFP-C1 and pGEX-4T-2 The N- and C-terminal ... v-KIND KIND2 binding resides within residues 702–744 of MAP2 Residues 456–487 inthe KIND2 domain of v-KIND contain the core MAP2 binding module To identify the core MAP2-binding site within the ... that the core sequence critical for the specific MAP2 binding resides within the 32 residues (amino acids 456–487) ofthe v-KIND KIND2 domain To examine whether the MAP2 binding core site of v-KIND...
... histidine residues are central to copper binding in many proteins they probably form part ofthe copper binding sites in this protein Although there are four histidines inthe C-terminal, another ... understanding what causes the loss of appropriate metal binding might be crucial for the understanding oftheroleof amyloidogenic proteins in a number of neurodegenerative disorders Copper binds ... occured A binding isotherm was fitted to the data, expressed in terms ofthe heat change per mole of ligand against the ligand to macromolecule ratio From the binding isotherm values for the reaction...
... (Software Inc) andthe BLAST network server ofthe National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were used to analyze the nucleotides and deduce the amino acid sequences in determining ... values were determined by incubating the diluted recombinant proteins inthe standard reaction mixture inthe presence of increasing concentrations of PPi (0.05–0.5 mM) at 55 °C Data were fit to the ... member ofthe Family I soluble PPases We also provide information concerning the kinetics and properties ofthe enzyme More strikingly, we show a novel roleofthe PPase enzyme inthe development and...
... that the lack of interaction between VBARP and Nef is not due to the lack of input proteins To further confirm that a physical interaction exists between Vpr and VBARP in vivo, we tested this interaction ... pairs of each exon is marked on top ofthe boxes representing the exons Exon numbers are derived from the genomic sequence, after designating the first coding exon number and counting all other exons ... distribution of VBARP is independent ofthe cycling stage ofthe cells Identification of biological function(s) of VBARP using a siRNA assay To examine theroleof endogenous VBARP inthe regulation of...
... PEX13 and (so far only identified in yeast) PEX17 Several other peroxins are involved inthe subsequent steps ofthe import The import of matrix proteins seems to involve a cascade of interactions ... mammalian cells and plants as a component ofthe docking complex and a point of convergence ofthe PEX5- and PEX7-dependent import pathways [15–17] The N-terminal part of PEX14 interacts with the repeated ... and that the amino-terminal domains ofthe two peroxins were responsible for this interaction Theroleof TbPEX14 in glycosome biogenesis received further confirmation by analysing the subcellular...
... function of relaxin-3 is considered to be different from that of other relaxin proteins involved inthe growth and remodeling of reproductive and other tissues during pregnancy [10] Inthe mouse and ... to the dense-core vesicles inthe perikarya, and it was also observed inthe synaptic terminals of axons [12] The NI comprises a distinct cell group inthe caudoventral region ofthe pontine periventricular ... relaxin-3 B-chain ⁄ INSL5 A-chain [20] Inthe brain, there is generally a close correlation between relaxin-3-positive nerve terminals and RXFP3 expression; however, the density of expression of...
... CFS and possibly subsets ofthe disease may be useful in monitoring CFS Inthe context of CFS, this pertains to our lack of understanding and inability to define areas of treatment, suggesting ... decreases in cytotoxic activity of Natural Killer (NK) cells and perturbations in cytokine levels 2.4.1 Cytokine and chemokine genes Cytokines and their genes are vital for sustaining and regulating innate ... is involved inthe function of dopamine inthe prefrontal cortex ofthe human brain thus it is involved in frontal lobe functioning (Meyer-Lindenberg et al., 2005) The inability of most CFS patients...
... of whether there are differences inthe IgV chain gene repertoire of CD19+ B cells by comparing two immune compartments, the peripheral blood andthe inflamed parotid gland, a target tissue in ... blood, and evidence for the accumulation and retention of these antigen-experienced B cells inthe parotids, together with new findings oftheroleof chemokines and chemokine receptors, permitted ... CD5, further supporting the hypothesis of homing and activation of specific B cells inthe glands B cell malignancies and Sjögren’s syndromeIn contrast to the focal sialadenitis ofthe minor (labial)...
... participated inthe conception and design ofthe project andinthe analysis and interpretation of data and contributed substantially to the drafting ofthe manuscript VFP participated inthe acquisition, ... on the basis of other metabolicsyndrome classification criteria, including those ofthe World Health Organisation [34], the International Diabetes Federation [35], andthe European Group for the ... Irrespective of this, it appears again that the increased frequency of patients satisfying both the hypertensive and hypertrigylceridaemic components ofthemetabolicsyndromeinthe steroid-treated...
... participated inthe conception and design ofthe project andinthe analysis and interpretation of data and contributed substantially to the drafting ofthe manuscript VFP participated inthe acquisition, ... on the basis of other metabolicsyndrome classification criteria, including those ofthe World Health Organisation [34], the International Diabetes Federation [35], andthe European Group for the ... Irrespective of this, it appears again that the increased frequency of patients satisfying both the hypertensive and hypertrigylceridaemic components ofthemetabolicsyndromeinthe steroid-treated...
... resulting in increased obesity and alterations inthe lipid profile [42,43] One ofthe most interesting findings from this study, however, is the negative association between methotrexate use andthe ... population, altering some ofthe components ofthemetabolicsyndromeThe factors found to associate independently with themetabolicsyndromein RA included older age, higher HAQ scores and less methotrexate ... the findings of this study All ofthe possible underlying mechanisms of action require further investigation in studies designed specifically for the purpose However, it remains that the observation...
... constitutes the aim ofthe first study in this thesis 1.6 Theroleof obesity inthe pathogenesis of insulin resistance andthemetabolicsyndrome 23 Obesity is a key feature ofthemetabolic syndrome, ... phosphorylation of these serine residues impedes the normal association of IRS-1 with the insulin receptor, thereby impairing downstream propagation of insulin signaling 39, 50 In summary, a number ofmetabolic ... deposition of LDL inthe sub-endothelium ofthe arteries, where they initiate the process that is atherosclerosis For many years, it was thought that LDL was the predominant lipoprotein involved in the...
... consisting ofthe C-terminal catalytic domain linked to the N-terminal regulatory domain through a lysine- and glycine-rich (KG) linker domain The C-terminal catalytic domain is highly conserved ... 2005) Interestingly, the N-terminal domain of DNMT1 plays a roleinthe stabilization ofthe protein This has been shown by the deletion ofthe first 118 aa to force initiation of translation at the ... a higher expression of Topoisomerase IIα The SET and RING fingerassociated (SRA) domain of UHRF1 shows preferential binding to hemimethylated CG sites and is responsible for the binding and recruitment...
... substrate of BGT-1 inthe brain remains to be determined Of particular interest is the elucidation oftheroleof BGT-1 in excitotoxic brain injury, since under such circumstances of neuronal injury, ... order to gain a thorough understanding ofits function inthe brain BGT-1 is capable of transporting both betaine and GABA, as examined in Xenopus oocytes and various cell lines But the physiological ... expression and functional changes of BGT-1 in astrocytes inresponse to hyperosmolarity in vitro andin vivo Overall, the present study has dissected theroleof BGT-1 in osmoregulation inthe brain...
... knockdown also resulted in shorter latency timings inthe passive avoidance test, and higher number of errors inthe attention set-shifting task, indicating deficits in working memory and attention, respectively ... 1989) Together, the activation of both PKC and PLA2 inthe pre-synaptic terminals plays significant roles inthe induction and maintenance of LTP (Bernard et al., 1994) In addition, studies performed ... expression of PLA2 isoforms, or their physiological roles in specific regions ofthe brain and CNS The present study was carried out in view ofthe importance ofthe importance of PLA2 andits products...
... After 40 of incubation non-adherent cells were washed off using BSS buffer The remaining cells were fixed with 4% formalin and stained with 0.5% crystal violet The number of adherent cells was then ... 30,000 per insert and allowed to invade for days After incubation, cells that had migrated through the matrix and adhered to the other side ofthe insert were fixed in 4% formalin, stained with 0.5% ... then counterstained in Gill’s haematoxylin and dehydrated in ascending grades of methanol before clearing in xylene and mounting under a cover slip Staining was independently assessed by the authors...
... psychological and physical wellbeing ofthe caregiver andof his/her family Caring is held to be very demanding and emotionally involving The main complaint of caregivers is the lack of support from the ... with the severity ofthe behavioural disorders and to the duration ofthe disease Most ofthe subjects interviewed had to change many of their own habits to meet the needs ofthe in- patient living ... health ofthe person who in primis takes care ofthe patient, and this is also a source ofstressThe most serious problem concerning the large number of caregivers that consistently suffer from...
... After 40 of incubation non-adherent cells were washed off using BSS buffer The remaining cells were fixed with 4% formalin and stained with 0.5% crystal violet The number of adherent cells was then ... 30,000 per insert and allowed to invade for days After incubation, cells that had migrated through the matrix and adhered to the other side ofthe insert were fixed in 4% formalin, stained with 0.5% ... then counterstained in Gill’s haematoxylin and dehydrated in ascending grades of methanol before clearing in xylene and mounting under a cover slip Staining was independently assessed by the authors...