... betweenIHLandhumanrightslaw 298 7A.4 Humanrights obligations and terrorism 301 7A.4.1 Protecting human security: positive humanrights obligations 301 7A.4.2 State responsibility andhumanrights ... APPLICATION OF HUMANITARIAN ANDHUMANRIGHTSLAW TO DETAINEES IN GUANTANAMO BAY 390 8B.2.1 The framework: international humanitarian law 8B.2.2 The framework: international humanrightslaw Categories ... Counsel to HumanRights Watch, New York, and as Legal Director of the Centre for HumanRightsand Legal Action, Guatemala She specialises in humanrightsand international criminal law She currently...
... minimises the sum of encoding both the model andthe data The model length (ML) is defined as k ∗ log2 |S|, ML = with k the number of concepts in the partial hierarchy betweenthe top concept andthe ... model The MDL principle finds a compromise betweenthe size of the model andthe accuracy of the data description Our selectional preference model relies on Li and Abe (1998), applying the MDL ... nodes The probability of a path in this (a priori) WordNet HMM is the product of the probabilities of the transitions within the path The probability p(a|r) is then defined as the sum of the probabilities...
... practicing, and producing medicines and fertilizers, and therefore enlarges the audience for this book beyond the scope of soil, agricultural, and chemical science The book starts by examining the concepts ... chelation, and bridging reactions, and deviations from the concepts are questioned as aberrations The importance of these interactions in soils, agriculture, andthe environment are addressed, andthe ... almost all of the biochemical compounds synthesized by plants and other soil organisms These substances are usually subject to further degradation and decomposition reactions, and are the main sources...
... during the years, has set the stage for the development of the concepts and types of humic substances followed today It triggered in the beginning a flurry of investigations andthe ligno-protein theory ... Brazil, where the Rio Negro is one of the most striking examples, and in the coastal streams of Sumatra and Papua running betweenthe vast expanses of peat deposits, to the rivers, lakes and marshes ... Africa, Scandinavia andthe tundras in the arctic region Many of the coastal plain streams and swamps of the Southeastern United States carry also dark colored water, attributed to the presence...
... does this relate to the soil carbon sequestration theory? On the other hand, the monomers, as noted in Figure 4.14, can also react together as such They are then expected to form the smallest possible ... for differentiating the humic substances The lighter the color of the humic substance, the steeper the slope, whereas the darker the color the more horizontal tends to be the spectral line Fulvic ... derivatives, and often play a dominant role in the formation of humic matter Parts of the phenol-protein theory also tend to overlap with the ligno-protein theory Many of the precursors and their reactions...
... In the opinion of Schnitzer and Preston (1986), this discrepancy is attributed to the inclusions of amides and esters in the analysis by NMR spectroscopy On the other hand, lack of reactivity and ... substances used in the synthesis of humic matter By comparison with the elemental composition of the plant residue listed a t the bottom of the table, the carbon contents of humic and fulvic acids ... but these are neither of the oxygen containing nor of the acidic types Carboxyl Groups - The carboxyl or COOH groups give to the humic molecule its acidic characteristic Their presence is the...
... supported by the other two spectra from Suwannee River aquatic humic substances, where the spectrum of humic acid is also dominated by strong signals between 105 and 165 ppm On the other hand, the aquatic ... molecules and their spectra reflect the responses of the many different molecular species The use of poorly prepared humic samples andthe publication of poorly resolved spectra have aggravated the ... band a t 3400 cm-l, a weak band between 2980 and 2920 cm-', a shoulder a t 1720 cm-' followed by a strong band at 1650 cm-l, and a strong band TM Copyright n 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc All Rights...
... distribution of these groups in the humic molecule The larger the concentrations of the functional groups, the higher will be the negative charges of the humic molecule The relative distribution of these ... is the electron-pair donor The latter is usually called a or ligand, and may assume the form of an anion (HK) a neutral molecule (NH,) The metal ion serves as the central atom, andthe ligands ... usually a metal in the series of transition metals The ligand, therefore, fits the definition of a Lewis base andthe metal is then the Lewis acid The compound formed is called a coordination compound,...
... process, on the other hand N is being added in the humic structure These processes cause the C/N ratio of the humic substances to decline to the narrowest ratio at which C and N can exist together in ... indication of the reduction-oxidation status of the soils It affects the oxidation and reduction states of H, C, N, , S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and many other elements, and as such controls the solubility and ... caused by the interaction between humic acid and clays and/ or by complex reactions between humic acid and A and other metal ions Since soil structure also infers a mutual arrangement of the three...
... protection, andthe effectiveness of compliance and enforcement This chapter examines the tensions betweenthe principles of precaution and pollution prevention, on the one hand, and actual practices ... meetings andthe growing number of well-meant programmes and agreements to specific management actions The 1998 report of the UN Secretary-General on ‘Oceans andtheLaw of the Sea’ recognised the ... including land-based and vessel-source (models include agreements for the Baltic, the northeast Atlantic andthe Antarctic85); a stand-alone convention on Arctic land-based pollution; and a broader...
... structures pt(d) = [Pt(d) –c/i]/q What about the price of land beyond the current border (b0) In t years from now the border will have expanded to b0egt Inverting, land at distance d> b0 will be developed ... multiple With no growth [g=0] the multiple is the inverse of the discount rate – at all locations More? Capozza/Helsley MIT Center for Real Estate 11) Like land rent, land price is a residual from ... MIT Center for Real Estate Empirical Studies of Location and Land Prices (e.g Waddell) Sometimes the relationships are complicated Land Rent Negative Value of Proximity Positive Value of Access...
... another to Oco-telulco, the third to Tizatlan andthe fourth to Quiahuiztlan, that is to say, the men of the Mountains, the men of the Limepits, the men of the Pinetrees, andthe Watermen; all these ... preserve the straight line radiating from the centre and headed by the chieftains The measure of the dance and of the chorus chanted by the participants was beaten by the drums andthe musicians ... with the elements to which they seemed to pertain, and gradually to conceive the idea of an everlasting antagonism betweenthe powers of the sky and of the earth, or light and darkness, and other...
... either in the best, or even in the most current, conception of the scope and province of our science The employment of the word Logic to denote the theory of Argumentation, is derived from the ... they appear at the time, andthe size and color of the same or of similar objects as they appeared when close at hand, or when their degree of remoteness was known by other evidence The perception ... color.5 Of the science, therefore, which expounds the operations of thehuman understanding in the pursuit of truth, one essential part is the inquiry: What are the facts which are the objects...
... andthe manager will then face either reporting truthfully and reversing their past entries, or continuing down the path towards accounting fraud Empirical and anecdotal 26 evidence support the ... During the investigation, the researchers discuss the ethics of accounting for the participants, and have studied by their experience according to: Ethical conflicts often arise in therelationship ... concern about” the important and effective of ethical principles within an organization to curb fraudulent” Hence there are some involving this theme What is therelationshipbetween ethics and fraud?...
... noting that f k the ratio of the radii of the balls Bi and Bi are uniformly bounded between positive constants and then adapting the proof of Lemma in the obvious manner In view of the above discussion, ... (ψ)) = Hf (Ik ) and this completes the proof of Theorem 3.2 The Jarn´ ık-Besicovitch theorem In the case k = and ψ(x) := let us write S(τ ) for Sk (ψ) The Jarn´ ık-Besicovitch theorem states that ... nevertheless rather unexpected consequences Theorem Conjecture =⇒ Conjecture Theorem together with Theorem PV gives: Corollary For k ≥ 2, Conjecture is true Theorem gives: Corollary Khintchine’s theorem...
... the axial length (Figure 1B) The anterior chamber is placed betweenthe cornea andthe iris The posterior chamber is the space situated betweenthe iris andthe lens The vitreous chamber of the ... also be distinguished: the internal limiting membrane, placed betweenthe vitreous andthe retina; and external limiting membrane, found betweenthe outer nuclear layer andthe external segment ... which are sent to the brain The visual organ is formed by the eyeball andthe accessory ocular organs Lids, lacrimal glands and extraocular muscles provide protection and help to the visual function...
... necessary under the circumstances.” Even though no relationship existed between Tarasoff andthe therapist, there was a relationshipbetween Chapter | Addictions andtheLaw Poddar andthe therapist, ... CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTSThe Bill of RightsThe United States Constitution is the source of law that trumps all other laws Article VI declares, “This Constitution, andthe Laws of the United States ... All other laws are measured against, and must be consistent with, the Constitution The Constitution establishes two basic levels of law: the state andthe federal At the federal level, the Constitution...
... corroborated theories satisfy a restrictive principle, then that principle is corroborated and becomes, on the one hand, a guide in the construction of new theories, and on the other, a means of understanding ... always the same one) is in motion during anyone step, and (ii) the motion depends only on the state of a finite subsystem, and (iii) the rule that specifies the motion can be given finitely in the mathematical ... considering the Church-Turing principle as more fundamental and deriving the third law from it and quantum theory The fact that classical physics does not obey (1.2) tempts one to go further Some of the...