... increases their metabolic demands and requirements for protein and energy Factors which contribute to higher REE include increases in protein turnover, erythropoieses, cardiac workload and underlying ... in AA controls Protein turnover is an energy-consuming process which could account for increased energy expenditure Patients with SCD disease could therefore be in a hyper-metabolic state, requiring ... a deep chest and increased anterior-posterior diameter Many of these changes were found to be less pronounced and inconsistent in children, and some investigators considered this appearance in...
... Lash, Kristin Loiselle, D Colette Nicolaou, Katherine Simon, and Beverley Slome Weinberger References Declaration of Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests 10 ... functioning for children and adolescents ages 1/2 to 18 years of age The questions address emotions, behaviors, and self-perceptions and produce composite scores Scores are converted into t-scores, ... at the Sickle Cell Center Caregivers and teens provided informed consent/assent before beginning the paper and pencil measures, which took approximately 2–3 hours to complete Participants were...
... transfusions can reduce the frequency of ischemic complications (especially strokes) and adolescence retardation [8] The degree to which HbS is reduced seems to generally correlate with reduced complication ... bones were destroyed and could not be reconstructed, and an exarticulation had to be performed at the knee joint In addition, multiple sequestrectomies had to be performed on the patient Due ... perioperative period can cause an acute exacerbation of the disease [2,3] Therefore, perioperative treatment must include measures to prevent these conditions, as well as measures to ensure safe general...
... frequency and other symptoms characteristic of SCD were used as covariates in our regression models Depression and loneliness were the outcomes of interest The analyses were first done on the entire ... declare that they have no competing interests Received: 22 October 2009 Accepted: June 2010 Published: June 2010 References Serjeant G, Serjeant B: Nomenclature and genetics of Sickle Cell Disease ... have also sought to determine possible socioeconomic and clinical factors associated with depression and loneliness in this disease group Methods Sampling The Jamaica Sickle Cell Cohort Study (JSCCS)...
... diseases that were cared for at our center These children had no hospitalizations for sickle cell crises at other facilities Children inthe control group were matched for age, hemoglobinopathy ... children inthe asthma group had acute chest syndrome with one child experiencing episodes The cases and controls were well-matched for age, gender and type of hemoglobinopathy (Table I) The cases ... function, 30% had a positive response to bronchodilator Therefore, even methods to determine the presence bronchial hyperresponsiveness are not sufficient to discriminate asthma from acute chest...
... so many cases go undiagnosed before or even after death 40 JOEL ADELEKE AFOLAYAN AND FLORENCE TAYO JOLAYEMI The clinical spectrum of sickle cell disease is not well described because only the ... study Procedure for Data Collection On the clinic days of each selected health facility, the researchers met the participants, reexplained the purpose of the study and assured them of confidentiality ... the day of clinics for their children by the researchers and hospital heads so that they could be explained to the objectives of the study, given assurance of confidentiality of information offered...
... pediatric hematology/oncology nursing continuing education credit for this article online Go to www.aphon.org and select “Continuing Education.” There you can read the article again or go directly to ... the assessment questions yields one hour of continuing education inpediatric hematology/oncology nursing for each article The Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses is accredited as ... studies demonstrate that the metabolic demands of increased erythropoiesis and cardiac energy consumption account for much of the excess protein and energy metabolisms in children with homozygous...
... Policy statement: recommendations forthe prevention of pneumococcal infections, including the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar), pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, and antibiotic ... prevalence of the sickle cell gene frequently are tested forthe gene SCT counseling has two components—education and decision-making—but the emphasis differs inthe two cases above Forthe first ... 18B, and 18F Together these serotypes account for 87 percent of bacteremia and 83 percent of meningitis due to pneumococcus inthe United States The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends...
... confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect; further research is very unlikely to change our confidence inthe estimate of effect); “moderate” (moderate confidence that the evidence ... evidence reflects the true effect; further research may change our confidence inthe estimate of effect and may change the estimate); “low” (low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect; ... use of this drug for sickle cell disease Therefore, we sought information on barriers to the use of other therapies for treatment of sickle cell disease, including the receipt of routine, scheduled...
... infections and non infectious causes Infections are more common in younger children The most common causes of acute chest syndrome are listed below: Infectious Causes of ACS Bacteria • Pneumococcus ... antibiotics may be treated with clarithromycin or clindamycin * Other antibiotics used in other centres include amoxicillin and erythromycin-sulfamethoxazole In making the recommendations above the ... account for over 50% of bacteremias The incidence of pneumococcal bacteremia in children under with sickle cell disease is events per 100 patient-years Furthermore, pneumococcal bacteremia carries...
... psychosocial experience, andthe long-term effects of both medical and psychological therapies Inthe absence of a universal cure, it is recommended that psychological interventions should be incorporated ... attend school or work, and are active physically and socially Their efforts should be recognized and encouraged where necessary Others cope inadequately and lead more restricted and secluded ... usually perceive anxiety and depression as psychological complications of SCD with important consequences However, the evidence of clinical anxiety and depression in children remains unclear Some studies...
... is comprised of the average of items inthe physical functioning scale and is the same score as the physical functioning score Missing items were accounted for based on the developer's recommendation ... percentage of scores on the PedsQL™ Family Impact Module that were at the ceiling (top of the scale) or floor (bottom of the scale) were calculated for each subscale and summary score A percentage ... questionnaire yields information on the physical, emotional, social and school functioning of the child during the previous weeks Mean scores are calculated based on a 5-point response scale for each...
... 70 and over were deemed acceptable [37] The floor and ceiling effects were measured forthe scales and their domains with floor effect being the percentage of subjects with the lowest possible ... domain scores andthe ceiling effect being the percentage of subjects with the highest possible domain scores The psychometric properties were further tested by measuring the "known-groups" construct ... higher LDH levels are known to be associated with more severe SCD experience [44,47-49] The expected relationships therefore, between WHOQOL-physical health and these clinical parameters have been...
... need to mount education and awareness campaigns forthe sickle cell disease population, their medical care givers andthe society in general on the need to seek and give appropriate care early ... limited access to medical facilities among these patients [27] The predominance of young patients may also be due to differences in health seeking behaviour between the younger, more active persons ... investigators were informed of any case of SCA presenting during the study period, and each patient was then evaluated by one of the investigators using the standardized format developed forthe study...
... position relative to others, based on income, education, and occupation A more comprehensive approach to grasp all these economic and sociological aspects of SES could be to compare children with ... lower HRQoL on several domains compared to the Dutch norm population Nevertheless, they are also affected by specific consequences of the disease, reflected by the lower HRQoL on the physical and ... Children with SCD may have adjusted to their social and cognitive deficits and therefore not subjectively experience HRQoL problems in these domains In future research behavioural and neurocognitive...
... 70 and over were deemed acceptable [37] The floor and ceiling effects were measured forthe scales and their domains with floor effect being the percentage of subjects with the lowest possible ... domain scores andthe ceiling effect being the percentage of subjects with the highest possible domain scores The psychometric properties were further tested by measuring the "known-groups" construct ... higher LDH levels are known to be associated with more severe SCD experience [44,47-49] The expected relationships therefore, between WHOQOL-physical health and these clinical parameters have been...
... Numerous hypotheses forthe pathogenesis of CG have been generated, but no specific common trigger for epithelial cell proliferation has emerged It is postulated that conditions of poor oxygenation ... from the glomerular basement membrane The prevalence of the disease in blacks suggests a genetic susceptibility [15,16] Identification of mutations inthe chromosome encoding for CoQ2 in a European ... nonHIV native kidney patient An effective therapeutic regimen for CG in SCD has not been clearly defined, and no evidence-based therapy exists for CG [18,19] The current recommendations for CG...
... responsible forthe increased oxidant burden observed in these erythrocytes Role of white blood cells in oxidant production in acute chest syndrome Although SCD is a genetic disorder of the hemoglobin ... vitamins B12 and B6) are depressed in SCD patients, suggesting that they are more prone to hyperhomocysteinemia Further work is needed to elucidate the role of homocysteine in vaso-occlusion Conclusion ... as VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and endothelin-1 The adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 facilitate interaction between sickle RBCs and WBCs andthe endothelium, thereby promoting vasoocclusion Endothelin-1...
... dimensions: Two completely independent disease conditions coexisting It is possible that the psychotic symptoms and SCD in this patient co-existed completely independent of each other Organic ... of co-morbidity in this adolescent each of which pose its own treatment challenges, there is need for increased awareness and collaboration using the models of consultation and liaison services ... he missed the mother because she was most time his source of comfort during episodes of SCD crises O .J and his two elder siblings lived with their father, a female house-help and their step-mother,...
... constricted region of a mitotic or meiotic chromosome where the spindle fibers attach Complex sequences of DNA constitute centromeres If the centromere is inthe middle of the chromosome, the chromosome ... that exists inthe solenoid form or in an extended nucleosome form Remember Euchromatin inthe nucleosome form can be expressed; inthe solenoid form it cannot A centromere is a highly constricted ... these electrons to an inorganic electron acceptor If the terminal electron acceptor is oxygen, this process is termed aerobic respiration Anerobic respiration occurs when the terminal electron...