concept location and design
The Restaurant From Concept to Operation docx
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 08:20
... Chapter Concept, Location, and Design 62 Restaurant Concepts 63 Defining the Concept and Market 68 Successful Restaurant Concepts 70 Concept Adaptation 77 Changing or Modifying a Concept 77 Copy and ... purchasing; bar and beverages; operations, budgeting, and control; food production and sanitation; restaurant leadership and management; organization and staffing; training and development; service and xiv ... Introduction Chapter Restaurants and Their Owners Chapter Concept, Location, and Design Part Two: Menus, Kitchens, and Purchasing Chapter The Menu Chapter Planning and Equipping the Kitchen Chapter...
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Price elasticities of travel demand review and meta analysis
Ngày tải lên :
27/11/2015, 12:40
... 60 international studies of passenger demand TRL et al (2004) – local and suburban 33 UK studies and 11 Non UK studies of bus fare elasticities 35 UK and 20 Non UK rail fare elasticities BACKGROUND: ... Type of data and sample size Mode and cost numeraire Periodicity (dynamic, static, indeterminate), time period, lag structure Level of aggregation and model type Distance, region and type of flow ... MOTIVATIONS • Why Review? Price elasticities are important for policy and forecasting Benchmarking and new insights Several previous reviews and update needed • Why Quantify Relationships (Meta-Analysis)?...
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An Analysis of Domestic Water Demand Structure and Water Recycling in Beijing
Ngày tải lên :
05/09/2013, 10:17
... use and patterns of behavior, such as frequency of showering and washing, were different in each season: 53L, 63L, and 51L in spring and fall, summer, and winter, respectively Thus, the demand ... use in Beijing is 220L——53L, 63L, and 51L in spring and fall, summer, and winter, respectively Thus, water demand in summer is 1.2 times that of the winter demand This seasonal tendency is consistent ... of Environ.Manage., 88, 1300-1313 Howe C W and Linaweaver F P (1967) The impact of price on residential water demand and its relation to system design and price structure, Water Resources Research,...
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aggregate demand and supply analysis
Ngày tải lên :
05/01/2014, 17:01
... Aggregate Demand • Aggregate Demand - The relationship between the quantity of aggregate output demanded and the price level when all other variables are held ... Deriving the Aggregate Demand Curve • Changes in the price level induce changes in the aggregate output demanded and hence movement along the AD curve (points A, B, and C in Figure 24-1) • In ... changes in aggregate spending and thus shifts the AD curve Aggregate Demand Curve Behaviour of Aggregate Demand’s Component Parts YAD = C + I + G + NX The aggregate demand curve is downward sloping...
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Economic Assessment of the Euro Area: Forecasts and Policy Analysis ppt
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 06:20
... exporting economies, and this in turn raises domestic demand Rising domestic demand pushes import growth up, and this supports export growth in the economies that export to OPEC and other oil exporting ... SPs Fiscal policy would be slightly expansionary this year and to a smaller extent next year in Spain, the Netherlands, Finland and Ireland Table 2.4 shows two estimates of the fiscal stance in ... other countries: Austria, Belgium, Finland, Ireland, Spain and the Netherlands 40 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE EURO AREA The agreement reached on the Stability and Growth Pact by the European Council...
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Detection of actual and assessment of potential plantations in Lao PDR using GIS and remote sensing technologies doc
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 11:20
... above.6 • Main rivers and lakes: Within the landscape rivers and lakes have two different functions On one hand they are natural barriers separating landscapes, and on the other hand they can serve ... Land cover The land cover data was provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) and represents the land cover in 2002 The dataset is part of a forest cover and land use changes ... SPOT satellite images at 1:50’000 and 1:100’000 scales and by conducting forest and land use mapping and field verification It distinguishes 24 different types of land cover, of which ten represent...
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Large-Scale Pyrolysis Oil Production: A Technology Assessment and Economic Analysis pptx
Ngày tải lên :
01/04/2014, 00:20
... and energy balances were developed using ASPEN Plus® 12.1 and an economic analysis was conducted based on ASPEN ICARUS Questimate® 11.1 and standard NREL economic protocols 6.1 Design Basis and ... the sand and then transfer the hot sand to the pyrolysis vessel Such an option has advantages but also is more challenging because of solids transport and temperature control (overheating of sand ... movement of sand and particles through the system causes abrasion of this char layer but mostly at the elbows and bends where there is more forceful interaction between the particles and sand The...
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báo cáo hóa học:" A biomechanical assessment of modular and monoblock revision hip implants using FE analysis and strain gage measurements" potx
Ngày tải lên :
20/06/2014, 04:20
... Constructs A and B Meshing and material properties ANSYS Workbench 10.0 was used to generate meshes For Construct A, the number of nodes and elements was 41098 and 29436 (Modular) and 33270 and 23744 ... nodes and elements was 52121 and 39423 (Modular) and 61577 and 45847 (Monoblock) Body elements included 10-node quadratic tetrahedrons for cortical bone, cancellous bone, and implants, and a ... contributions HB, RZ, MP, and PZ were involved in initial study design, femur acquisition, and implant acquisition HB, MM, and MP were involved in FE modeling and analysis RZ and SS were involved...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_1 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... with the shape and meaning of the demand function, we will take the time to briefly review the derivation of the demand and its main properties since basic conceptual errors in its handling are not ... function of quantity demanded and other variables yields the “inverse demand curve” Pi D P Qi ; y/ Standard graphs of an individual’s demand curve plot the quantity demanded of the good at each ... ideal demand system (NIDS) 1.1 Demand Functions and Demand Elasticities making €1bn and everyone else making €10,000, then sales of €15,000 cars would be at most 1,000 On the other hand, the...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_2 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... indicates prices of inputs L, K, and F , u is an unobserved cost efficiency parameter, and ˛ and a are cost and technology parameters respectively Given input prices and a production function, the ... costs as expand production keeping output of each good in proportion Source: Authors’ rendition of a multiproduct cost function provided by Evans and Heckman (1984a,b) and Bailey and Friedlander (1982) ... most practitioners and academics believed and believe that the proportions of debt and equity matter and so for fifty years corporate finance has studied violations of Modigliani and Miller’s assumptions,...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_3 docx
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... market prices and quantities will require data on equilibrium prices and quantities in that market as dependent variables and then observed demand and supply shifters (perhaps GDP and cost data ... Demand Q Figure 2.5 Price and quantity data: The intersection of a supply and a demand curve generates our data point (Qi ; Pi ) P S1 S2 S3 D4 D3 D1 D2 Q Figure 2.6 Indicative supply and demand ... in Fisher (1980, 1986) and Finkelstein and Levenbach (1983) For more general econometrics texts, see, for example, Greene (2007) and Wooldridge (2007) And for an advanced and more technical but...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_6 docx
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... the prices depend on the intercepts of the demand equations (a1 and a2 ), the own-price effects (b11 and b22 ), and the cross-price effects (b12 and b21 ) They also depend on the cost of both ... consider any two normal goods, say cars and holidays When the economy is good we will tend to see high demand, and hence high prices, for both cars and holidays and yet, of course, we would not want ... including prices, product characteristics, and market shares to estimate aggregate market demand equations, and hence market elasticities of demand and substitution patterns Or else we can use...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_8 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... dbSm where S is the size of the market, a and b are demand parameters, and c and d are the cost parameters The demand and costs parameters are unobserved and their effect is therefore included in ... between Market Structure and Price And the point to note is that both p and N are correlated with both demand and costs Thus the unobserved components of both demand and costs will both emerge ... demand, and F fixed costs If marginal costs are constant, then AVC is equal to marginal cost and independent of output and hence prices If we further assume that S is the total market size and...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_9 pot
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... (1996), and Klepper and Simons (2000), and in the strategy literature see Markides and Geroski (2005) and McGahan (2004) 286 Identification of Conduct outcomes in terms of prices, output, and profits—has ... such as advertising and by the structural parameters of the market, particularly the nature of demand and the nature of technology which affects costs If the market demand and cost structure are ... relationships for (a) plumbers and tire dealers and (b) doctors, chemists, and dentists In each case, the vertical axis represents the predicted number of firms in the market and the horizontal axis...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_10 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... the pricing and demand equations and the conduct parameter remains that we can find (i) a supply shifter that allows us to identify the demand curve, the parameter ˛1 , and (ii) a demand shifter ... one could use for identification are changes in demand In this section and the next we consider respectively demand shifts and demand rotations and in particular whether such data variation will ... identify demand and supply As we saw in chapter 2, the traditional conditions to identify both demand and supply equations are that in our structural equations there must be a shifter of demand that...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_11 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... choice model of demand but ultimately his demand function takes the form, Ä Pj Pi Pi Ph qi D ı ; xj xi xi x h where P and x stand for price and quality of the product and h, i , and j are indicators ... matrix C which come from the existence of demand and cost shifters Demand shifters only affect prices through a change in the quantities demanded and not independently affect the pricing equation ... version of the “beforeand-after” method by taking into account changes in demand and supply conditions By running a reduced-form regression of the price level on demand and cost factors For a...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_13 docx
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... (pricing) and demand equation Doing so requires us to have multiple observations on each product’s demand and pricing intersection, perhaps using data variation over time from each product (demand and ... firm and market demand for understanding competition For example, we have seen that demand is important in determining firm behavior such as pricing decisions and we have also seen that demand ... these supply (pricing) and demand equations must be solved numerically in order to calculate equilibrium prices for given values of the demand- and cost-side parameters and data The data used...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_16 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... Mathewson and Winter (1987), Rasmusen et al (1991), Bernheim and Whinston (1998), Segal and Whinston (2000), and Simpson and Wickelgren (2007) 516 10 Quantitative Assessment of Vertical Restraints and ... benefit from the increase in the demand of the initial product and also the tied product In the case of metering and price discrimination, the outcome is less clear and will vary across customers ... link between the valuations of the tied and tying products, and the nature of competition in the tied market (see also Bakos and Brynjolfsson 1998; Carlton and Waldman 2002) Whinston (1990) illustrates...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis_17 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 10:20
... Hurwicz, L., and H Uzawa 1971 On the integrability of demand functions In Preferences, Utility and Demand (ed J Chipman, L Hurwicz, M Richter, and H Sonnenschein) New York: Harcourt Imbens, G., and J ... Jullien, B., and P Rey 2008 Resale price maintenance and collusion RAND Journal of Economics 38:983–1001 Just, R., and W Chern 1980 Tomatoes, technology and oligopsony Bell Journal of Economics and Management ... technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis Management Science 30:1078–92 Banks, J., R Blundell, and A Lewbel 1997 Quadratic Engel curves and consumer demand Review of Economics and...
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Quantitative Techniques for Competition and Antitrust Analysis by Peter Davis and Eliana Garcés_1 docx
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 14:20
... indicates prices of inputs L, K, and F , u is an unobserved cost efficiency parameter, and ˛ and a are cost and technology parameters respectively Given input prices and a production function, the ... costs as expand production keeping output of each good in proportion Source: Authors’ rendition of a multiproduct cost function provided by Evans and Heckman (1984a,b) and Bailey and Friedlander (1982) ... most practitioners and academics believed and believe that the proportions of debt and equity matter and so for fifty years corporate finance has studied violations of Modigliani and Miller’s assumptions,...
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