clycosphingolipid trafficking in the endocytic pathway
The role of cholesterol sequestration and accumulation in the endocytic pathway in development of neurodegenerative diseases
... referred to as the NPC1 domain Within NPC1 there is a large, cysteine-rich luminal loop (amino acids 855–1098), which contains a ring-finger motif that may mediate protein– protein interactions ... trafficking events in both endocytotic and biosynthetic pathways, and are located in specific intracellular compartments During dynamic trafficking processes, Rab domains get into contact via their ... carboxyl-terminal dileucine motif that is required for proper targeting of the protein to the endocytic pathway (Watari et al 1999) ) Studies of the subcellular distribution of NPC1 localize the protein...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: A novel coupled enzyme assay reveals an enzyme responsible for the deamination of a chemically unstable intermediate in the metabolic pathway of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid inBordetellasp. strain 10d doc
... does not contain the gene encoding the deaminase reported here In the cloned 5.2-kb fragment from P pseudoalcaligenes JS45, there are no genes involved in the 2-aminophenol-metabolic pathway, except ... analysis, and the determination of released ammonia The coupled enzyme assay revealed the mechanism of the deamination reaction and the subsequent metabolism, including the deamination step The product ... 6-semialdehyde deaminase) in P fluorescens strain KU-7 [7] The decarboxylation mechanism in the metabolic pathways for 3-hydroxyanthralinic acid differs from that in the pathway for 4-amino3-hydroxybenzoic...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Alterations in the photoactivation pathway of rhodopsin mutants associated with retinitis pigmentosa potx
... G51V and G89D mutants were studied in the context of the folding and packing of the TM domain together with other adRP mutations in the other TM helices [20] These studies showed that G51V was ... over the opsin gene in the three domains of the receptor: intradiscal, TM and cytoplasmic The study of rhodopsin mutants associated with retinal diseases, such as RP, provides information about the ... have been discovered in the opsin gene, most of them associated with an inheritable form of the disease (autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, adRP), involving mainly point mutations and a...
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Báo cáo khóa học: Cloning and expression of murine enzymes involved in the salvage pathway of GDP-L-fucose ppt
... and exon 24 In conclusion, the alternative splicing maintains the reading frame along the entire protein, therefore the protein variants are identical in the amino-terminal end up to the alternative ... the expression of the enzymes involved in the salvage pathway of GDP-L-fucose indicates that not only the de novo pathway alone, but also the salvage pathway could have an essential role in the ... parameters, including the Kozak translation initiation signal, as implemented in the GENSCAN analysis tool [28] Expression of fucokinase in mammalian cells The two splice variants of the murine fucokinase...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Determination of the metal ion dependence and substrate specificity of a hydratase involved in the degradation pathway of biphenyl/chlorobiphenyl pot
... functional groups at the 5-position Together, these results provide insight regarding the mechanism, the substrate binding site and the role of the metal cofactor in the enzyme Results Cloning, expression ... ± 0.3 The in uence of the two metal ions on the kinetic parameters for HPDA hydration by BphH is shown in Table The Km values were similar with either metal cofactor On the other hand, the kcat ... MhpD Another HPDA hydratase, XylJ, on the other hand, can only be expressed as a complex with a decarboxylase (XylI), the preceding enzyme in the xylene degradation pathway [5] The binding of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: The fate of newly synthesized V-ATPase accessory subunit Ac45 in the secretory pathway doc
... the V-ATPase and thereby keeping the pump inactive in the ER Following Ac45 cleavage, the V-ATPase would become active, whereby the cleavage may have allowed the dissociation of the (inhibiting) ... suggesting that Ac45 has an important role in the regulated secretory pathway of neuroendocrine cells Here, we examined in detail the fate of the Ac45 protein in the melanotrope cells of Xenopus intermediate ... The amount of the 23-kDa product in the EndoH-treated lysates remained constant during the chase, whereas the analysis of the N-glycosidase F-treated samples clearly indicated an increase in...
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báo cáo khoa học: " Transcriptome changes in the phenylpropanoid pathway of Glycine max in response to Pseudomonas syringae infection" ppsx
... anthocyanin pathway ESTs in tomato [8] CHS is the key enzyme diverting the substrate, naringenin chalcone to the flavonoid and isoflavonoid branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway that synthesizes the ... suggesting that this branch of the pathway is participating in the reaction cascade elicited by the defense response and possibly shifting the pathway towards the synthesis of flavones Finally, ... other tissues including the cotyledons [19] The low level of expression of this gene in the mature leaves can be seen also in the RNA blots shown in Figure at the data points which represent the...
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Báo cáo y học: "Genetic polymorphisms in the nucleotide excision repair pathway and lung cancer risk: A meta-analysis"
... skin tumors at an extremely high frequency (1000 fold increased incidence as compared to normal individuals) because of their inability to repair UV-induced DNA lesions These clinical findings ... efficiency The nearby proximal nucleotides to the AUG initiation codon are important for the initiation of translation because the 40S ribosomal subunit binds initially at the 5'-end of the mRNA [61] The ... position -4 preceding the AUG codon may affect ribosomal binding and thus alter the efficiency of XPA protein synthesis To investigate whether the transition from G to A changes the translation...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Altered inactivation pathway of factor Va by activated protein C in the presence of heparin doc
... tubes containing either heparin or buffer Monitoring of FVa activity in these two tubes was continued for another 25 min, during which time the loss of FVa activity in the absence of heparin (open ... of the heparin-binding site in these three crystallized protein–heparin complexes were given as starting point for the docking search [30] At least one conformation of the simulated protein–peptide ... obtained in the presence of heparin (closed circles) This indicates that the presence of heparin did not in uence the k306 in the partially active FVa intermediate In a second experiment, the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo Y học: Studies on the nonmevalonate pathway of terpene biosynthesis The role of 2C-methyl-D -erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate in plants docx
... of the HA-hydrogen of IPP In both cases, scrambling of the label takes place within the IPP pool and the error is then transcribed into the DMAPP pool by the normal action of the isomerase The ... coupling involving vicinal isoprenoid moieties Due to the line broadening, the precision of signal integration is substantially reduced However, within the experimental limits, it appears that the ... crucial importance in the mevalonate pathway, in which formation of IPP and DMAPP take place in sequential steps; in contrast, the available evidence indicates that within the new pathway IPP and...
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The Health Risks and Consequences of Trafficking in Women and Adolescents pot
... coordination, and drafting of the findings Aims Methods This report represents the findings of a two-year study on women’s health and trafficking in the European Union The study is an initial inquiry ... contracting STIs, as tears and trauma to the vaginal lining increases susceptibility to infection.28 This vaginal/genital trauma can be extreme, as in the case of Trina, who explained; “I felt pain in ... experts on trafficking and violence against 14 The health risks and consequences of trafficking in women and adolescents findings from a european study indirectly related to the trafficking experience...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Evidence for two different electron transfer pathways in the same enzyme, nitrate reductase A from Escherichia coli potx
... a single quinol-binding site However, the technique used to determine binding sites of quinols, inhibition by HOQNO (a structural analogue of menaquinone), did not allow them to see the binding ... proximal or distal to the site of fumarate reduction; the use of the quinol-binding site inhibitor HOQNO shows that the inhibitor blocks binding of MQH2 at the QP site [27] Study of the reduction and ... site of interaction between the cytochrome and the quinones by studying inhibition of the nitrate reductase activity by HOQNO It has therefore clarified the binding site of the menaquinols, but...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Structural and functional evidence for a singular repertoire of BMP receptor signal transducing proteins in the lophotrochozoan Crassostrea gigas suggests a shared ancestral BMP/activin pathway docx
... clarify the binding properties of each of these domains we generated synthetic mRNA encoding only the C1 or C2 domains Expression of only the C1 domain resulted in the dorsalization of embryos in ... FEBS BMP/activin pathway in Crassostrea gigas ted of its highly variable C-terminal domain after the terminal conserved arginine of the cytoplasmic serine ⁄ threonine kinase domain Sequences for ... of the TGFb superfamily type I receptors are in bold and underlined, and the cysteine knot is boxed Also boxed are the transmembrane domain, the ATP binding site, the L45 loop and the serine...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Treatment with small interfering RNA affects the microRNA pathway and causes unspecific defects in zebrafish embryos doc
... assembled into the RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs) miRISC and siRISC, respectively [3] Both of these effector complexes contain, in addition to similar Argonaute proteins, Dicer and other ... mRNAs, leading to a sharpening of the maternal-to-zygotic transition [24] We have investigated the possible connection between the miRNA pathway and the unspecific defects caused by RNAi in zebrafish ... competing for binding to Dicer, TRBP, and ⁄ or other limiting factors However, since our northern blot analysis did not reveal a concomitant increase of pre-miRNAs, we cannot exclude other possibilities,...
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Báo cáo khóa học: Nerve growth factor mediates activation of the Smad pathway in PC12 cells doc
... performed using LipofectAMINETM (Life Technologies Inc.) according to the manufacturer’s protocol 293T cells were maintained in minimum Eagle’s medium (MEM) containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum ... or by the inhibitory Smad7 protein To assess the involvement of TrkA receptors in the activation of the Smad pathway, different TrkA variants were tested in reporter gene assays using the pSBE-luc ... mutually in uence their activity [27] TGF-b family members are implicated in multiple interdependent signals between pathways originating from receptor serine/threonine kinases and receptor tyrosine...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Membrane binding of SRP pathway components in the halophilic archaea Haloferax volcanii docx
... [26,27] Furthermore, by examining the interplay between SRP54, FtsY and the membrane, these studies provide insight into the events that take place during the SRP-mediated protein targeting in Archaea ... within the first 46 positions, while Pyrococcus furiosus FtsY contains 12 arginine and lysine residues in this portion of the protein In contrast, examination of the A domain sequence of FtsY in ... domains contain fewer arginine and lysine residues than A domains of other archaeal FtsY proteins The amino acid composition of the first 46 positions of archaeal FtsY proteins are shown Arginine...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Probing the interface between factor Xa and tissue factor in the quaternary complex tissue factor–factor VIIa–factor Xa–tissue factor pathway inhibitor pptx
... located in the TF1 domain, and T197 is situated in the N-terminal portion of the TF2 domain, i.e close to the TF1 domain at the level of EGF1 in FVIIa in the sTF–FVIIa complex (Fig 1) Binding of ... regarding the binding area between sTF and FXa in this complex Regarding the ternary sTF–FVIIa–FX complex other investigators have performed functional analyses to investigate the binding region ... plausible that the Gla domain of FXa is involved in binding to the C-terminal domain of sTF As we found that FXa is bound next to the Gla domain of FVIIa, it is highly likely that the Gla domains of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: A pathway through interferon-c is the main pathway for induction of nitric oxide upon stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mouse peritoneal cells pot
... results were obtained in two other independent experiments N.D., not determined at the 2-h time-point and maintained up to the 18-h timepoint (Fig 6A) Specificity of IRF-1 binding to the DNA probe ... participating in the pathways of LPSinduced NO production, are schematically summarized in Fig In the present study, the important role of the indirect pathway through IFN-c in LPS-induced NO ... considered to be the sole pathway for LPS-induced NO production in murine macrophage cell line culture, but a minor pathway in peritoneal cell culture The indirect pathway, through IFN-c, was indicated...
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Báo cáo Y học: Guanosine diphosphate-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose reductase in the pathway for the synthesis of GDP-6-deoxy-D-talose in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans potx
... centrifugation at 20 000 g for 30 at °C Binding of the fusion proteins to chitin beads via the intein/ chitin binding domain, cleavage of the fusion protein (in 20 mM Tris/HCl, pH 8.0, 200 mM NaCl, ... [32,33] Determining the absolute configuration of the talosyl residue in the GDP-6-deoxytalose by GC/MS Based on the coupling constants in the 1H NMR spectra, we determined that the sugar nucleotide ... 73.0%, respectively) to the proteins encoded by ORFs in the clusters responsible for synthesizing the SPAs in other serotypes of A actinomycetemcomitans The biosynthetic pathway for GDP-6-deoxy-D-talose,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Protein kinase Ch activity is involved in the 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced signal transduction pathway leading to apoptosis in L-MAT, a human lymphoblastic T-cell line potx
... confirmed, by using the human lymphoblastic T-cell line, L-MAT, as the model, that the AhR-mediated pathway is in no way involved in TCDD-induced apoptosis, [7,8] Furthermore, neither TCDD-mediated ... described in 911 PKCh in TCDD-induced signaling for apoptosis the attached protocol The resin was washed once with 0.5 mL of 0.1 m glycine HCl, pH 3.5, for min, while thoroughly tapping and inverting ... Biomedicals Inc., Irvine, CA, USA), pH 7.4, containing 5% fetal bovine serum, 100 IUÆmL)1 penicillin, and 0.1% (v ⁄ v) streptomycin at 37 °C in 95% air and 5% CO2 Jurkat T cells were maintained under the...
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