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ACI318M 11 - Building Code Requirements forStructural Concrete Bản tiếng Anh
... Chapter 18 ρs = ratio of volume of spiral reinforcement to total volume of core confined by the spiral (measured out-to-out of spirals), Chapters 10, 21 ρt = ratio of area of distributed transverse ... to undergo the acceptance-testing program required of special anchorage devices Basic multistrand anchorage device — Anchorage device used with multiple strands, bars, or wires, or with single ... area Structural concrete — All concrete used for structural purposes including plain and reinforced concrete Structural diaphragm — Structural member, such as a floor or roof slab, that transmits...
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Children Under Siege: Safeguarding Provisions for Children in the New Health Law potx
... deserve INSURANCE COVERAGE Health insurance coverage is not the sole factor in child health access, but it is certainly a critical one Decades of research on children and insurance coverage has ... collaboration with primary care providers as well as those who choose to serve vulnerable populations The ACA also establishes grants to demonstrate the effectiveness of training programs for ... children in America have health insurance coverage According to the most reliable federal study, 8.7 million children age 17 and under were without health insurance coverage in the U.S prior to the...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_1 docx
... 1.8b) Fine cracks in plaster over frame members or in walls at the base Fine cracks in partitions and infills Grade 2: Moderate damage (slight structural damage, moderate non-structural damage) ... buildings of vulnerability class A suffer damage of grade 4, a few of grade Many buildings of vulnerability class B suffer damage of grade 3, a few of grade Many buildings of vulnerability class ... vulnerability class A sustain damage of grade Many buildings of vulnerability class B suffer damage of grade 4, a few of grade Many buildings of vulnerability class C suffer damage of grade 3,...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_3 ppt
... alternative risk transfer or non-traditional reinsurance The securitisation of catastrophe risk has grown in significance each time the reinsurance price cycle hardens and costs of risk transfer rise ... by an insurance company (or sometimes even a large corporation, bypassing the insurance market) offering to pay a certain rate of return Investors who purchase the bond receive the rate of return, ... into the insurance industry’s portfolio The average householder is far better off than their parents’ generation and today owns houses and contents of far greater value Commercial operations have...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_4 pdf
... situation can rapidly become chaotic, with many uncoordinated activities, poor communications between groups and a general ignorance by the population of what to Time is essential: most people trapped ... single, central agency but are independent or answerable to other authorities outside central government During the emergency period these groups may well agree to be directed by a central disaster ... airwaves may become inaccessible as the radio operators at headquarters receive more radio reports than they are capable of processing at the time Peak traffic loads in communications and particularly...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_7 pot
... of the shelves or holding them in place with other restraints Warehouse storage racks insufficiently braced and restrained can cost considerable sums in lost stocks 188 EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION Glass ... reconstruction programme to make a place safer against a future earthquake should mean planning long-term strategic developments for the city rather than short-term upgrading Long-term strategies that ... operate without continuous provision of services Stand-by Generators, Fuel Reserves and Water Tanks An obvious back-up for failed power supplies is stand-by generators Fuel to operate the generators...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_8 docx
... a broad-ranging overall strategy for earthquake protection – perhaps coordinated with protection strategies for other natural hazards in a national disaster preparedness plan An integrated earthquake ... are just one element of a range of measures to reduce the vulnerability of the building stock as a whole There are a range of possible measures to encourage the upgrading of existing buildings ... involve some verification of structural vulnerability of the building and certain minimum structural criteria required, and possibly insurance, before a licence is granted Public display of certification...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_10 ppt
... average acceleration spectra experienced at a site (after Seed et al 1974) conditions on average acceleration spectra is illustrated by Figure 7.11, which is based on the shape of the spectra ... structures DS5 Steel frame with RC shear wall or core DS4 Steel frame, braced DS3 Steel frame with infill masonry DS2 Steel frame, moment resistant DH1 Composite steel frame with in situ RC casing ... buildings CT Timber frame Frame structures CT2 Timber frame with timber cladding, lightweight structure CT1 Timber frame with heavy infill masonry (e.g Bagdadi) CC1 Reinforced concrete frame, in situ...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_15 pot
... earthquake insurance is made available to all householders through a compulsory national scheme, operated through normal household insurance contracts and backed by international reinsurance, thus ... programme in Guatemala’, in Disasters and the Small Dwelling (ed I Davis), Pergamon Press, Oxford Medvedev, S.V., 1965 Engineering Seismology, trans from Russian, Israel Program for Scientific Translation, ... Earth Shook, The Sky Burned: A Photographic Record of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, Chronicle Books, San Francisco Brookshire, D.S., Chang, S.E., Cochrane, H., Olson, R.A., Rose, A and...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_16 docx
... 372 death risk probability 369 vulnerability comparison 371 braced frames 273, 274 Brazil, fatalities brick masonry buildings damage distributions 327, 328 vulnerability functions 328, 329, 330 ... Turkey 356 building improvement grants 208 building improvement programmes 226–30 builder training off-site 228–30 communal building programmes 227–8 incentive programmes 227 reasons for failure ... and vulnerability assessment 318–19 vulnerability classification 264–5 buildings alterations to existing 277 improving earthquake resistance of 263–309 natural frequency 197, 237, 269 natural period...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_3 pdf
... the chaos 4.7.1 Rubble Clearance An immediate operation to clear up, make streets safe, and stabilise damaged buildings raises confidence, boosts morale and demonstrates a collective will to fight ... the physician to insert intravenous lines, and may involve the physician operating in a severely confined space Extraction of a severely injured victim is a delicate operation, and manoeuvring without ... being trapped are too weak and 20 In urban disasters, by contrast, the limited capacity of local hospitals is likely to be of much more significance for survival rates than the speed of transportation...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_5 pdf
... of the shelves or holding them in place with other restraints Warehouse storage racks insufficiently braced and restrained can cost considerable sums in lost stocks 188 EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION Glass ... reconstruction programme to make a place safer against a future earthquake should mean planning long-term strategic developments for the city rather than short-term upgrading Long-term strategies that ... operate without continuous provision of services Stand-by Generators, Fuel Reserves and Water Tanks An obvious back-up for failed power supplies is stand-by generators Fuel to operate the generators...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_6 ppt
... a broad-ranging overall strategy for earthquake protection – perhaps coordinated with protection strategies for other natural hazards in a national disaster preparedness plan An integrated earthquake ... are just one element of a range of measures to reduce the vulnerability of the building stock as a whole There are a range of possible measures to encourage the upgrading of existing buildings ... involve some verification of structural vulnerability of the building and certain minimum structural criteria required, and possibly insurance, before a licence is granted Public display of certification...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_7 doc
... Improvement Programmes The most vulnerable parts of the built environment are the non-engineered buildings constructed by householders, craftworkers or small-scale contractors, from a wide range of ... methods may be transferable, but construction practices, e.g infill construction, construction of engineering movement joints, etc., and the local building forms and typologies vary considerably from ... development, such as that being increasingly practised by government administrations in areas like environmental policy, energy and mineral resource exploitation and transportation policy, is needed for...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_9 pptx
... elements such as braced frames and moment-resisting frames (Figure 8.5) In the braced frame, the bracing members transmit the horizontal forces in tension and compression; such frames can be very ... culturally acceptable to the villagers Programmes of rural upgrading to reduce future earthquake disasters were discussed in Section 6.6 Many proposed building improvement programmes of rural upgrading ... generally need to be bridged to preserve functional continuity, but it is essential that any bridging should be designed not to transmit forces, so as to maintain structural separation.10 Alteration...
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Basic recommendations for earthquake protection_12 pdf
... parameter Vulnerability assessment is likely to be much more complex than for a rural area because most urban settlements contain a wide range of building types of differing earthquake vulnerabilities ... programme of demonstration and learning, working with several individual families, was followed by the preparation of a repair and retrofitting manual This led to a training programme for newly appointed ... walls, and in the separation and disintegration of the masonry walls themselves, due to inadequate bonding The training programme emphasised single-storey building, and demonstrated techniques (such...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Fast Registration of Remotely Sensed Images for Earthquake Damage Estimation" ppt
... (at least) two different cameras A well-known model for camera projection is the direct linear transform (DLT) by Abdel-Aziz and Karara [22] Modeling a camera with 11 parameters, the DLT is able ... images 2.1 (c) PROPOSED METHOD Direct linear transform and affine transform Registration has a structural relation to the problem of camera calibration [21], where one is concerned with estimating ... “Algorithms for coplanar camera calibration,” Machine Vision and Applications, vol 12, no 2, pp 84–97, 2000 Y Abdel-Aziz and H Karara, “Direct linear transformation from comparator coordinates into...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Imp-L2, a putative homolog of vertebrate IGF-binding protein 7, counteracts insulin signaling in Drosophila and is essential for starvation resistance" ppt
... extracellularly and intracellularly: the production and release of the ligands is regulated, and normally IGFs are also bound and transported by IGFBPs in extracellular cavities of vertebrates ... and counteracts its activity (a,b) Antibody staining of larval brains with an Imp-L2 antibody (green) (a) Specific neurons of both brain hemispheres, the subesophageal ganglion region (gray arrow) ... site-directed mutagenesis protocol (Stratagene) Both the Imp-L2 and the Imp-L2MG2 constructs were translated in vitro using the TNT Quick coupled transcription/ translation system (Promega) according...
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Báo cáo khoa hoc:" Genetic analysis for mastitis resistance and milk somatic cell score in French Lacaune dairy sheep" ppsx
... 10–20 top-ranked and bottom-ranked rams among 600 artificial insemination rams of the Lacaune breeding programme described by Barillet [3] to procreate 4–5 daughters per sire in the INRA experimental ... Estimation of genetic parameters for SCC (on-farm data) The genetic parameters for the different SCC traits and the genetic correlation between SCC traits and production traits were estimated from ... levels: vs or more); pm = random permanent environmental effect; an = random genetic effect of animal n; eijklmn = random residual effect Two generations of ancestors were traced for the relationship...
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Schottky barrier engineering for contact resistance reduction in nanoscale CMOS transistors
... resistance Ω-μm RCH Channel resistance Ω-μm RDRAIN Drain parasitic series resistance Ω-μm RSOURCE Source parasitic series resistance Ω-μm RSD Source/drain total parasitic series resistance Ω-μm RS Sheet ... schematic drawn in Fig 1.2 V′GS and V′DS are the applied gate and drain voltages, respectively, taking into consideration the presence of source and drain parasitic resistance, RSOURCE and RDRAIN, ... temperature part is used to extract ΦBp (c) I-V characteristics of the sample with Al implant at dose of 2×1014 cm-2, measured at different temperatures For the sake of clarity, some temperature...
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