... to the extent ofthe disease within the gland, the presence or absence of capsular invasion, involvement of seminal vesicles, and extension of disease to lymph nodes Because ofthe inadequacy of ... identified solely on the basis of an abnormal PSA (T1c), those that are palpable but clinically confined to the gland (T2), and those that have extended outside the gland (T3 and T4) (Table 91-1) ... for staging, the staging system was modified to include the results of imaging studies Unfortunately, no single test has proven to indicate accurately the stage or the presence of organ-confined...
... one of our modern giant cruise ships If you want to change the course of one of these vessels, theof cer -of -the- deck orders a change to the angle ofthe rudder The rudder angle changes the course ... made of, full of drama, intrigue, and high adventure What goes on here may well be the 10589$ $CH2 02-23- 04 16 :44 :17 PS 22 Golf andthe Game of Leadership ultimate example ofthe heartbeat of ... our approach to both the game of golf andthe game of leadership Our core values guide our actions The values of integrity and honesty are crucial determinants ofthe degree of trust people place...
... with theLawsof Hammurabi and other sources The thesis cannot be defended andthe evidence cannot be understood and evaluated otherwise To moderate this detail, I will present the essence ofthe ... end ofthe collection and to emphasize the final topic of festivals and cult (23: 14 19) The placement of sections of apodictic law around the casuistic lawsof 21:2–22:19 was done in imitation of ... LH and related sources Because the substance and detail ofthelaws is discussed in part II, most ofthe citation and discussion ofthe secondary literature on CC’s laws is left until then Chapter...
... women taking placebo Of >16,600 women randomized and followed for a median of 5.6 years, 43 invasive colorectal cancers occurred in the hormone group and 72 in the placebo group The positive effect ... taking placebo andof per 1000 subjects per year for those taking β-carotene The ATBC and CARET results demonstrate the importance of testing chemoprevention hypotheses thoroughly before their widespread ... piroxicam, sulindac, and aspirin, may prevent adenoma formation or cause regression of adenomatous polyps The mechanism of action of NSAIDs is unknown, but they are presumed to work through the cyclooxygenase...
... converted by the enzyme 5αreductase to dihydrotestosterone in the gland The periurethral portion ofthe gland increases in size during puberty and after the age of 55 due to the growth of nonmalignant ... and Pathology The prostate is located in the pelvis and is surrounded by the rectum, the bladder, the periprostatic and dorsal vein complexes that are responsible for erectile function, andthe ... African-American males PIN, the precursor of cancer, is typically multifocal and highly unstable Polymorphic variants ofthe androgen receptor gene, the cytochrome P450 C17 gene, andthe steroid 5αreductase...
... double-blind, randomized multicenter trial The prostate cancer detection rate was 18 .4% (803 of 43 64) in the finasteride group and 24. 4% (1 147 of 46 92) in the placebo group Early concerns that the cancers ... which the tempo ofthe illness is altered and symptoms controlled until the patient dies of other causes These can be equivalent therapeutically from a patient standpoint if the patient has not ... proviso that the risks and benefits ofthe performance of these tests are not defined The National Comprehensive Cancer Network advises testing at age 40 , tailoring additional testing to the age-specific...
... palpable, andof these, 70% are pathologically organ-confined The downside of widespread PSA screening is the detection and treatment of cancers with such a low malignant potential that they would ... examined for the presence of cancer, andthe amount of cancer is quantified based on the length ofthe tumor within the core andthe percentage ofthe core involved ... course of antibiotics before biopsy Men with an abnormal PSA and negative biopsy are advised to undergo a repeat biopsy Each core ofthe biopsy is examined for the presence of cancer, andthe amount...
... more advanced the disease, the lower the probability of local control andthe higher the probability of systemic relapse More important is that within the categories of T1, T2, and T3 disease ... radiation therapy, or active surveillance Choice of therapy requires the consideration of several factors: the presence of symptoms, the probability that the untreated tumor will adversely affect the ... of outcomes of various forms of therapy is limited by the lack of prospective trials, referral bias, and differences in the outcomes used The primary outcomes are cancer control and treatment-related...
... radiation therapy (IMRT) to maximize the dose to the prostate and to minimize the exposure ofthe surrounding normal structures The addition of IMRT has permitted further shaping ofthe dose, ... 3, 12, and 24 months following surgery, 58, 35, and 42 % (respectively) wore pads in their underwear, and 24, 11, and 15% reported "a lot" of urine leakage Factors associated with recovery of erectile ... radiation therapy The aim is to decrease the size ofthe prostate and, consequently, to reduce the exposure of normal tissues to full-dose radiation, to increase local control rates, and to decrease the...
... surgery and/ or radiation therapy By definition, patients have no evidence of disease on scan For these patients the central issue is whether the rise in PSA results from persistent disease in the ... undergone radiation therapy The decision to recommend radiation therapy after prostatectomy is often made on the basis ofthe pathologic findings at surgery, as imaging studies such as CT and bone scan ... PSA relapse–free survival for patients with pretherapy PSA levels of 0 4, 4 10, and >10 ng/mL were 98, 90, and 89%, respectively In a separate report of 201 patients who underwent posttreatment...
... Outcomes of Androgen Depletion The antiprostate cancer effects ofthe various androgen depletion strategies are similar, andthe clinical course is predictable: an initial response, then a period of ... quality of life Combined androgen blockade the administration of an antiandrogen plus a GnRH analogue or surgical orchiectomy—was designed to inhibit both testicular and adrenal androgens at the ... patients treated with radiation therapy and years of androgen depletion relative to radiation alone, was criticized for the poor outcomes ofthe control group Another showing a survival benefit...
... Engl J Med 351:1502, 20 04 [PMID: 1 547 0213] Thompson IM et al: The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer N Engl J Med 349 :215, 2003 [PMID: 128 244 59] Thorpe A, Neal D: Benign ... at bedtime) act by relaxing the smooth muscle ofthe bladder neck and increasing peak urinary flow rates No data show that these agents influence the progression ofthe disease Surgical approaches ... Over 5 how often past month, the have you found it difficult to postpone urination? Over the past month, how often have you had a weak urinary stream? Over the (No (1 (2 (3 (4 (5 how often past...
... The Meaning of Relativity, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 19 64 [4] V.Fock, The Theory of Space, Time, and Gravitation, trans By N.N Kemmer, 2nd rev.ed., Macmilan, New York, 19 64 ... đương hệ mô hình REFERENCES [1] Nguyen Ngoc Giao, The Theory of Gravitational Field (The General Theory of Relativity), Library of University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh city (in Viertnamese), ... S.Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of General Theory of Relativity, Copyright 1972 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc [6] P.de Bernardis et al, Nature, 40 4, 955, 2000 [7] S.Hanany...
... in the aforesaid territories [the conventional Basin ofthe Congo] bind themselves to watch over the preservation ofthe native tribes, and to care for the improvement ofthe conditions of their ... respect More generally, the nineteenth century offers us an example of a far broader theme: the importance ofthe existence ofthe ‘other’ for the progress and development ofthe discipline itself ... as administrators of these territories on behalf ofthe League, and subjecting these mandatories to the League’s supervision.8 The legal structure ofthe Mandate System The Mandate System embodied...
... Thanh and Nguyen Van Quang 56 in (1.1) can be strengthened to a.s convergence Moricz [4] introduced the concept of blockwise m-dependence for a sequence of random variables and extended the classical ... properties of independent sequences of random variables remain satisfied for the sequences consisting of independent blocks However, the same problem for sequences of blockwise independent and identically ... distributed random variables and for blockwise martingale differences is not yet studied The main results of this paper are Theorems 3.1, 3.3 Theorem 3.1 establishes the strong law of large numbers...
... as the “true owners” of their lands’. 14 The Conquest ofthe New World involved a prolonged process of subjugation and dispossession Indians lost their lands and were pressed into the service of ... territory, as long as they submit to the political authority ofthe local people’ .48 42 46 43 Ibid., p 155 44 Ibid., p 151 45 Ibid., p 155 Ibid., p 1 54 Samuel Pufendorf, The Law of Nature and Nations trans ... the theory was Montesquieu’s discussion in Book 18 ofThe Spirit oftheLaws There he posited a causal relation between the natural resources of particular lands andthe degree of liberty, the...
... by the total area a under the demand curve and above the price b above the supply curve and up to the equilibrium price c under price and up to the point of equilibrium d between the demand and ... both the demand for andthe supply of radios would imply that a both the value of radios to consumers andthe cost of producing radios has increased b both the value of radios to consumers andthe ... is the a area below the demand curve and above the price b distance from the demand curve to the horizontal axis c distance from the demand curve to the vertical axis d area below the demand...
... for the changing ofthe seasons, the movements of heavenly bodies, the structure of matter, the shaping of mountains and valleys, the changes in the positions of continents over time, andthe ... They soon realize that the number of ribs is related to the size ofthe fossils, so the groups focus on measuring the lengths and widths ofthe fossils They enter the data on the two different populations ... 17:18:26 20 04 http://books.nap.edu/catalog/5787.html CHAPTER • 43 Evolution andthe Nature of Science THE CONCERNS OF SCIENCE An Excerpt from the Book This Is Biology: The Science ofthe Living...