carbohydrates fats and proteins
DNA, RNA and proteins
... DNA and Protein Synthesis • DNA contains the genetic information to make amino acids • Amino acids combine to make proteins • These proteins determine the physical traits of an organism and control ... and control cellular functions • Proteins everything, and DNA gets all the credit! • Think of them as tiny minions who all the work DNA and Protein Synthesis DNA and Protein Synthesis • Codon: ... different proteins found in living organisms • The codons are the template for protein synthesis, which takes place on the ribosomes (rRNA) in the cytoplasm DNA and Protein Synthesis – Codons and amino...
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What is known about the effectiveness of economic instruments to reduce consumption of foods high in saturated fats and other energy-dense foods for preventing and treating obesity? docx
... respectively, were: -0.54 and -0.25 for rice, -0.54 and -0.35 for wheat flour, -0.09 and -0.03 for coarse grains, -0.96 and -0.33 for pork, -0.03 and -0.40 for eggs, and -0.39 and -0.47 for edible ... on all fats, a tax on saturated fats, a tax on added sugar and subsidies on fibres For most consumers, a tax on fats (whether all fats or saturated fats) would reduce total energy intake and its ... participants were randomized into five groups including no treatment, standard behavioural treatment (SBT), SBT and food provision, SBT and incentives and SBT, food provision and incentives The...
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amino acids, peptides and proteins in organic chemistry
... Advances in b-Strand Mimetics 129 Wendy A Loughlin and David P Fairlie Introduction 129 b-Strands 129 b-Sheets 130 Differences in Strand/Sheet/Turn/Helix Recognition 130 Towards b-Strand Mimetics ... BACE-1 Inhibitors 224 Paclitaxel and its Derivatives 228 References 234 Peptide Drugs 247 Chiara Falciani, Alessandro Pini, and Luisa Bracci Lights and Shades of Peptide and Protein Drugs Peptide Drugs ... Daniel Sejer Pedersen and Andrew David Abell Introduction 101 Huisgen [2 þ 3] Cycloaddition Between Azides and Acetylenes 102 Mechanistic Consideration for the Cu-Huisgen and Ru-Huisgen Cycloadditions...
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hplc of peptides and proteins, methods and protocols
... the retention times of two retained solutes, and 2, are given by tr,1 and tr,2 The corresponding peakwidths for solutes and are denoted σ,1 and σ,2, and together with the retention times are they ... stationary and mobile phases, respectively, and Vs and Vm are the corresponding volumes of the stationary and mobile phases Since the ratio [X]s / [X]m is the equilibrium distribution coefficient K and ... material The type of n-alkyl ligand significantly influences the retention of peptides and proteins and can therefore be used to manipulate the selectivity of peptide and protein separations Although...
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Báo cáo y học: "The use of citrullinated peptides and proteins for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis" pps
... Innala and colleagues [41] 210/102 98.0 80.4 69.0 ND ND Mutlu and colleagues [37] 93/83 98.8 57.0 to 60.2l,f 60.2g 29 ND 48.4 Soos and colleagues [52] 119/118 95 74.8 ND 69.7 ND 33.6 Vander Cruyssen ... (%) 124/158 95.2 73.1 92.3 70.5 76.7 88.2 Coenen and colleagues [44] 133/165 Correia and colleagues [39] 86/90 Dos Anjos and colleagues [40] Liu and colleagues [33] CCP2 CCP3 a a 89.7 to 91.4 87.1 ... 77.4 Lutteri and colleagues [24] 120/170 77.9 79.5 Sghiri and colleagues [29] 170/309 91.1 86.3 66.0 84.7 58.6 79.9 Soos and colleagues [52] 119/118 97.6 74.4 90.0 78.8 80.2 74.0 Ursum and colleagues...
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INTERACTION STUDIES BETWEEN IONS AND PROTEINS AT PHYSIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT CONCENTRATIONS
... neural development (Flanagan and Vanderhaeghen, 1998; O’Leary and Wilkinson, 1999; Xu et al 1999) to pattern formation and morphogenesis (Holder and Klein, 1999; Schmucker and Zipursky, 2001) 15 In ... firstβ-strand and the other over Thr28-Thr30 on the third β-strand (Figure 1.10) The most significantly perturbed residues are Thr28, Thr29 and Thr30 on the third β-strand The complex model of WW4 and ... precipitate proteins from solution and stabilize proteins On the other hand, the ions on the right side, chaotropes, are known to promote denaturation of proteins and increase protein solubility...
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Control of Cell Proliferation and Growth byMyc Proteins
... adhesion to the basal lamina and Myc disrupts this adhesion; therefore, keratinocytes respond to Myc with premature differentiation and arrest of proliferation (Gandarillas and Watt 1997) The frequent ... in cell proliferation and their proposed functions Control of Cell Proliferation and Growth by Myc Proteins 333 2003) There is clear evidence that this effect is direct and not mediated by activation ... and Myc may repress a common set of target genes (Phan et al 2005) Mechanistically, many questions remain open Myc proteins interact with a number of potential co-activator and co-repressor proteins...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Angiopoietin-like proteins: emerging targets for treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases pptx
... focus on the roles of ANGPTL2 and ANGPTL6 ⁄ AGF in obesity and related metabolic diseases, and discuss whether these ANGPTLs could be targets for the prevention and treatment of these conditions ... ANGPTL2 and ANGPTL6 ⁄ AGF in obesity and related metabolic diseases The expression of ANGPTL2 and ANGPTL6 ⁄ AGF is induced in obese conditions ANGPTL2 induces chronic adipose tissue inflammation and ... 2992–3002 Handschin C & Spiegelman BM (2008) The role of exercise and PGC1a in inflammation and chronic disease Nature 454, 463–469 Reaven GM (2005) The insulin resistance syndrome: definition and dietary...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: How disorder influences order and vice versa – mutual effects in fusion proteins containing an intrinsically disordered and a globular protein docx
... content of unordered stretches (5059%) and a low content in a-helices and b-strands (23% and 2229%, respectively), whereas GFP is rich in b-strands (46%) and exhibits a low content in unordered ... Results and Discussion Fusion proteins are produced in soluble form though at levels lower than the constituent proteins Plasmids for the expression of fusion proteins were designed to encode proteins ... two measles virus proteins (NTAIL and PNT) and the whole Saccharomyces cerevisiae SIC1 protein Although they are all IDPs, these proteins have different structural features and a different extent...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Molecular characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana PUF proteins – binding specificity and target candidates doc
... yeast Puf4 and Puf5 proteins (Table 3; data not shown) The remaining APUM proteins not show conservation of residues 12, 13 and 16 with any well-characterized PUF homolog (data not shown) and possess ... and NRE can be extended to the remaining group I proteins, we tested the interaction of APUM-1, APUM-3, APUM-4, APUM-5 and APUM-6 with wild-type and mutant NREs Qualitative (data not shown) and ... NRE(A+B)); and in both Box A and B, NRE(A–B–) (C) Qualitative analysis of LacZ reporter activation in the interaction of APUM-2 and APUM-7 with NRE WT and NRE mutants The iron responsive element RNA and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Molecular cloning and characterization of soybean protein disulfide isomerase family proteins with nonclassic active center motifs pdf
... (Fig 3A, lanes and 5) Anti-GmPDIL-3a serum reacted with both a 55 kDa and a 59 kDa band in western blot analysis of cotyledon proteins (Fig 3A, lane 3) Both the 55 and 59 kDa bands were N-glycosylated, ... (Fig 1D) GmPDIL-3a and GmPDIL-3b have two predicted thioredoxin domains between amino acids 65–164 and 403–481, and 68–167 and 406–508, respectively, corresponding to the a-domain and a¢-domain of ... (lanes and 4), GmPDIL-3b (lanes and 5) and proteins extracted from the cotyledon (lane 3) were analyzed by western blot using anti-GmPDIL-3a serum (lanes 1–3) or anti-GmPDIL-3b serum (lanes and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Studies on structural and functional divergence among seven WhiB proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv pdf
... biochemical and biophysical properties of WhiB2, WhiB5, WhiB6 and WhiB7 of M tuberculosis and also compare the properties of all seven WhiB proteins We show that, similar to WhiB3 and WhiB4, other ... WhiB proteins Fig MALDI-TOF spectroscopic analysis of oxidized and reduced form of apo WhiB proteins ‘Oxd’ represents the ‘oxidized and alkylated’ protein, whereas ‘Red’ represents ‘reduced and ... coil signature) In WhiB5 and WhiB6, the structure was dominated by a helices and b strands and the proportion of these structural elements was higher in WhiB6 WhiB1, WhiB2 and WhiB4 showed relatively...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Calcium-binding to lens bB2- and bA3-crystallins suggests that all b-crystallins are calcium-binding proteins pptx
... calcium-binding sites in proteins and induce luminescence peaks at 492 nm and 547 nm via energy transfer from Trp and Tyr residues [32] Terbium binds to bB2- and bA3-crystallins and induces luminescence ... b-crystallins Overexpression and purification Bovine bB2- and bA3-crystallin were cloned in expression vector and overexpressed in Escherichia coli as recombinant proteins Proteins were purified using ... in proteins, despite which we observed positive signal from bA3- and bB2-crystallin immobilized on the membrane This demonstrates the specificity of these proteins for calcium unlike EF-hand proteins, ...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Mitochondrial targeting of intact CYP2B1 and CYP2E1 and N-terminal truncated CYP1A1 proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) role of protein kinase A in the mitochondrial targeting of CYP2E1 pdf
... (TOM) receptors (TOM20, TOM22 and TOM70), which enables the translocation of proteins through the outer membrane and the inner membrane channel-forming proteins, TOM40 and translocase of inner membrane ... the N-termini of CYP2E1 and CYP2B1 [6,12] In the case of CYP2B1 and CYP2E1, uncleaved intact proteins were targeted to the mitochondria in both inducer-treated rat liver and transiently transfected ... cells [23] The precise nature of CYP proteins targeted to mitochondria and the conservation of targeting mechanism is important for understanding the evolution and regulation of bimodal targeting...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Analysis of proteins and peptides on a chromatographic timescale by electron-transfer dissociation MS ppt
... peptides and proteins N D Udeshi et al dimethylation of Arg, monomethylation, dimethylation and trimethylation of Lys, acetylation and ubiquitination of Lys, and phosphorylation of Ser and Thr ... Hart [11], this modification is found on proteins in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, is added and removed by transferase and O-GlcNAcase enzymes, respectively, and often occurs at sites that are known ... reactions and tandem MS ETD has most recently been utilized for the direct analysis of intact proteins, and ubiquitin is a model protein that was initially interrogated via ETD for tandem MS Shown...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: A knowledge-based potential function predicts the specificity and relative binding energy of RNA-binding proteins ppt
... structures (e.g 1CVJ_1 and 1CVJ_2 represent the first and second Poly A binding protein domain of structure 1CVJ, respectively), and the two domains were considered structurally and thermodynamically ... domains in complex with single strand DNA (PDB codes: 2UP1, 1WTB, 1X0F, 1ZZI and 1ZZJ) were also included in the test set because recognition of single stranded RNA and DNA are mechanistically similar ... structures This kind of method was proposed by Sipple [20], and has been applied to protein structure prediction, protein–protein and protein–ligand interactions [18–33], as well as to protein– DNA...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Analysis of the molecular dynamics of medaka nuage proteins by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching doc
... nuage in the PGC 344 Merge Fig Olvas, Nanos and Tudor fusion proteins expressed in the HeLa cell form granules olvasGFP and nanosRFP (A), and olvas RFP and tudorGFP (B), were cotransfected into ... of medaka embryos and the granules in HeLa cells FRAP revealed that it moved with two diffusion components in both PGCs and HeLa cells: 0.15 and 0.01 lm2ặs)1 in PGCs, and 0.9 and 0.03 lm2ặs)1 ... or olvasRFP fusion gene, and diffusion analysis by FCS and FRAP was performed As shown in Fig 4A, OlvasGFP and NanosRFP colocalized on the granules in the cytoplasm, and similarly, Olvas RFP...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Characterization of chitinase-like proteins (Cg-Clp1 and Cg-Clp2) involved in immune defence of the mollusc Crassostrea gigas docx
... (5¢-CTTCCTCCGCTTCCATGA-3¢) and QaCgClp1 (5¢-CCATGAAGTCCGCGAATC-3¢); and QsCgClp2 (5¢-GCATAGCGATGTGGACGA-3¢) and QaCgClp2 (5¢-GAGGACCGAGACCGTGAA-3¢) The abbreviations ‘Qs’ and ‘Qa’ refer, respectively, to sense and ... primer, 2.5 mm MgCl2 and U of Taq DNA polymerase (Eurogentec, Liege, Belgium) The reaction was cycled between 94 °C, 50 °C and 72 °C (45 s, 60 s and 90 s, respectively), and this was followed ... edge and postspawning gonads Metamorphosis represents the ultimate stage of oyster development, and is characterized by the degeneration of larval tissues, such as the velum and the foot, and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Binding of N- and C-terminal anti-prion protein antibodies generates distinct phenotypes of cellular prion proteins (PrPC) obtained from human, sheep, cattle and mouse doc
... SAF34 and P4 strongly stained the di-glycosylated band, and mAbs 6H4, SAF60, SAF70 and SAF84 showed the highest staining with the overlapping bands of nonglycosylated full-length PrPC and glycosylated ... epitopes within the prion protein sequence (Fig and Table 1) The two bands of higher molecular masses are the di- and mono-glycosylated isoforms and the band with the lowest molecular mass is nonglycosylated ... function, regulation and expression, as full-length and truncated isoforms of di-, mono- and nonglycosylated proteins are only detectable with antibodies recognizing the C-terminal region and produce...
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