c programming language tutorial for beginners ppt

... a computation or action that can be performed by an object or class. Static methods are accessed through the class. Instance methods are accessed through instances of the class. Methods have ... the Common Language Specification (CLS). The CLS defines a set of basic language features that all CLS-compliant languages are expected to be able to consume; unsigned integers are not in the CLS ... acme.cs, the command line csc /t:library acme.cs compiles the example as a library (code without a Main entry point) and produces an assembly named acme.dll. Assemblies contain executable code...

... in comparisons with other characters. Certain characters can be represented in character and string constants by escape sequences like \n (newline); these sequences look like two characters, ... others, printf also recognizes %o for octal, %x for hexadecimal, %c for character, %s for character string and %% for itself. Exercise 1-3. Modify the temperature conversion program to print a ... that can be accessed by name by any function. (This mechanism is rather like Fortran COMMON or Pascal variables declared in the outermost block.) Because external variables are globally accessible,...

... Finally, explicit type conversions can be forced (``coerced'') in any expression, with a unary operator called a cast . In the construction 34 created or assigned storage; ``declaration'' ... c = getchar(); the variable c contains the next character of input. The characters normally come from the keyboard; input from files is discussed in Chapter 7. The function putchar ... function putchar prints a character each time it is called: putchar (c) ; prints the contents of the integer variable c as a character, usually on the screen. Calls to putchar and printf may...

... PHP programming dynamic web for ewreybody 21 Fatal errors in programming with PHP – Collect from writ t ing of Sterling Hughes NGUYEN ANH KHOA – Class 27K0A – Department Of Information Technology 9 9 9 9 Dormitory 204.B5 18:20 PM April 7, 2006 Đâ y l à m ộ t th ó i quen x ấ u v ì  N ó kh ô ng đượ c d ù ng r ộ ng r ã i, cho n ê n nhi ề u ng ườ i h ọ c s ẽ b ị l ẫ n l ộ n gi ữ a hai c ú ph á p  N ó kh ô ng t ươ ng th í ch v ớ i ng ô n ng ữ kh á c, ngh ĩ a l à n ó tr ở n ê n kh ó đọ c đố i v ớ i nh ữ ng ng ườ i trong giai đ o ạ n qu á độ (m ớ i chuy ể n t ừ m ộ t ng ô n ng ữ n à o đó sang PHP)  Quan tr ọ ng nh ấ t, l à m ộ t ng à y n à o đó t í nh n ă ng n à y s ẽ b ị xo á x ổ , b ắ t bu ộ c b ạ n ph ả i vi ế t l ạ i to à n b ộ m ã c ó d ù ng n ó . D ấ u ngo ặ c nh ọ n lu ô n lu ô n l à m ộ t ph ầ n c ủ a ng ô n ng ữ PHP. Ở tr ê n ch ỉ l à m ộ t th í d ụ v ề c ấ u tr ú c l ỗ i th ờ i. N ó c ò n nhi ề u n ữ a. Nh ư m ộ t quy t ắ c, b ạ n n ê n theo nh ữ ng c á c vi ế t trong t à i li ệ u PHP. H ầ u h ế t n ó đượ c c ậ p nh ậ t m ớ i. N ó c ũ ng d ù ng c á c h à m m ớ i nh ấ t c ủ a PHP trong th í d ụ c ủ a m ì nh. N ê n th ườ ng xuy ê n ki ể m tra t à i li ệ u khi b ạ n c ó ý mu ố n m ở r ộ ng t í nh n ă ng n à o đó c ủ a PHP. Theo c á ch n à y, b ạ n s ẽ kh ô ng ph ả i vi ế t l ạ i c á c h à m c ó s ẵ n. T T T T ổ ổ ổ ổ ng ng ng ng k k k k ế ế ế ế t t t t Trong b à i n à y b ạ n đã đ i qua 7 tr ê n t ổ ng s ố 21 l ỗ i m à l ậ p tr ì nh vi ê n PHP m ắ c ph ả i. Nh ữ ng l ỗ i gi á o khoa n à y bao g ồ m:     S S S S ử ử ử ử d d d d ụ ụ ụ ụ ng ng ng ng sai sai sai sai h h h h à à à à m m m m printf() printf() printf() printf()     Á Á Á Á p p p p d d d d ụ ụ ụ ụ ng ng ng ng sai sai sai sai ng ng ng ng ữ ữ ữ ữ ngh ngh ngh ngh ĩ ĩ ĩ ĩ a a a a     Thi Thi Thi Thi ế ế ế ế u u u u t t t t à à à à i i i i li li li li ệ ệ ệ ệ u u u u trong trong trong trong m m m m ã ã ã ã ngu ngu ngu ngu ồ ồ ồ ồ n n n n     D D D D ù ù ù ù ng ng ng ng qu qu qu qu á á á á nhi nhi nhi nhi ề ề ề ề u u u u bi bi bi bi ế ế ế ế n n n n t t t t ạ ạ ạ ạ m m m m     Vi Vi Vi Vi ế ế ế ế t t t t l l l l ạ ạ ạ ạ i i i i c c c c á á á á c c c c h h h h à à à à m m m m c c c c ó ó ó ó s s s s ẵ ẵ ẵ ẵ n n n n     Kh Kh Kh Kh ô ô ô ô ng ng ng ng t t t t á á á á ch ch ch ch bi bi bi bi ệ ệ ệ ệ t t t t ph ph ph ph ầ ầ ầ ầ n n n n kh kh kh kh á á á á ch/ch ch/ch ch/ch ch/ch ủ ủ ủ ủ     D D D D ù ù ù ù ng ng ng ng c c c c á á á á c c c c c c c c ấ ấ ấ ấ u u u u tr tr tr tr ú ú ú ú c c c c l l l l ỗ ỗ ỗ ỗ i i i i th th th th ờ ờ ờ ờ i i i i // Bad/Outdated Practice while ( 1 ): print "5" ; if ( $idx ++ == 5 ): break; endif; endwhile; // Better Practice // (the code could be optimized though) while ( 1 ) { print "5" ; if ( $idx ++ == 5 ) { break; } } ?> ... PHP programming dynamic web for ewreybody 21 Fatal errors in programming with PHP – Collect from writ t ing of Sterling Hughes NGUYEN ANH KHOA – Class 27K0A – Department Of Information Technology 14 14 14 14 Dormitory 204.B5 18:20 PM April 7, 2006 1.4. 1.4. 1.4. 1.4. Khi Khi Khi Khi m m m m à à à à DBMS DBMS DBMS DBMS c c c c ủ ủ ủ ủ a a a a b b b b ạ ạ ạ ạ n n n n kh kh kh kh ô ô ô ô ng ng ng ng h h h h ỗ ỗ ỗ ỗ tr tr tr tr ợ ợ ợ ợ sql_num_row() sql_num_row() sql_num_row() sql_num_row() V à i DBMS c ó th ể kh ô ng h ỗ tr ợ h à m sql_num_row(). T ô i xin chia s ẻ v ớ i b ạ n n ế u DBMS c ủ a b ạ n l à m ộ t trong s ố đó . B ạ n s ẽ ph ả i t ì m trong k ế t qu ả r ỗ ng b ằ ng c á ch l ấ y d ò ng. Tuy nhi ê n, trong tr ườ ng h ợ p n à y, n ó n ê n d ù ng m ộ t bi ế n boolean nh ư sau: <?php $timthay = false ; while ( $mautin = sql_fetch_array ( $truyvan )){ $timthay = true ; } if (! $timthay ){ print "Loi!" ; } ?> 1.5. 1.5. 1.5. 1.5. L L L L ấ ấ ấ ấ y y y y k k k k ế ế ế ế t t t t qu qu qu qu ả ả ả ả : : : : h h h h ã ã ã ã y y y y ch ch ch ch ọ ọ ọ ọ n n n n c c c c á á á á ch ch ch ch c c c c ó ó ó ó í í í í ch ch ch ch V ấ n đề th ứ hai trong đ o ạ n m ã n à y l à n ó d ù ng sql_fetch_row() để l ấ y t ậ p k ế t qu ả . H à m sql_fetch_row() ch ỉ tr ả v ề m ả ng đá nh ch ỉ s ố , trong khi đó sql_fetch_array() tr ả v ề m ả ng đá nh ch ỉ s ố v à m ả ng d ù ng chu ỗ i. $mautin = sql_fetch_array ( $truyvan ); print $mautin [ 1 ]; // Cot thu 2 print $mautin [ name ]; // Ten cot Ch Ch Ch Ch ú ú ú ú ý ý ý ý : : : : C ó nhi ề u quy ướ c kh á c nhau v ề vi ệ c d ù ng d ấ u nh á y khi th ê m m ộ t đố i s ố ki ể u chu ỗ i. Trong th í d ụ v ề t ê n c ộ t ở tr ê n, v à su ố t b à i vi ế t n à y, n ó s ẽ đượ c b ỏ . T ừ quan đ i ể m c ủ a nh à ph á t tri ể n, h à m n à o c ó l ợ i h ơ n? M ả ng d ù ng chu ỗ i gi ú p cho ng ườ i đọ c hi ể u đượ c b ạ n đ ang l ấ y c á i g ì ch ỉ th ô ng qua vi ệ c đọ c m ã , nh ư th í d ụ đú ng d ướ i đâ y: <?php if ( sql_num_rows ( $truyvan )<= 0 ) { print "Mot loi da xay ra: Khong co mau tin nao!" ; exit; } while ( $mautin = sql_fetch_array ( $truyvan )) { print "$mautin[name]: $mautin[phone_number]\n<br>\n" ; } ?> 1.6. 1.6. 1.6. 1.6. Khi Khi Khi Khi n n n n à à à à o o o o sql_fetch_row($truyvan) sql_fetch_row($truyvan) sql_fetch_row($truyvan) sql_fetch_row($truyvan) n n n n ê ê ê ê n n n n đượ đượ đượ đượ c c c c d d d d ù ù ù ù ng ng ng ng T ô i kh ô ng th ự c s ự l à fan c ủ a the sql_fetch_row(). Tuy nhi ê n, c ó m ộ t t ì nh hu ố ng m à d ù ng n ó kh ô ng gi ả m kh ả n ă ng d ễ đọ c: khi ng ườ i d ù ng đị nh ngh ĩ a c â u truy v ấ n. C á c th í d ụ cho đế n l ú c n à y đề u đề c ậ p đế n nh ữ ng c â u truy v ấ n đượ c bi ế t tr ướ c. Đô i khi b ạ n để cho ng ườ i d ù ng t ự đị nh ngh ĩ a c â u truy v ấ n. Tr ườ ng h ợ p n à y b ạ n s ẽ kh ô ng bi ế t c á c c ộ t trong k ế t qu ả . Do đó , d ù ng h à m sql_fetch_row() k è m v ớ i count() s ẽ x ử l í hi ệ u qu ả c á c c ộ t trong m ộ t h à ng: <?php for ( $i = 0 ; $i < count ( $mautin ); $i ++){ print "Column" . ( $i + 1 ). $mautin [ $i ]. "\n<BR>\n" ; } ?> 2. 2. 2. 2. D D D D ù ù ù ù ng ng ng ng sai sai sai sai SQL: SQL: SQL: SQL: kh kh kh kh ô ô ô ô ng ng ng ng l l l l ấ ấ ấ ấ y y y y nh nh nh nh ữ ữ ữ ữ ng ng ng ng g g g g ì ì ì ì b b b b ạ ạ ạ ạ n n n n c c c c ầ ầ ầ ầ n n n n ... PHP programming dynamic web for ewreybody 21 Fatal errors in programming with PHP – Collect from writ t ing of Sterling Hughes NGUYEN ANH KHOA – Class 27K0A – Department Of Information Technology 8 8 8 8 Dormitory 204.B5 18:20 PM April 7, 2006  Kh ô ng s á ng s ủ a v à d ễ d à ng b ằ ng h ệ th ố ng m ẫ u (template system)  C ầ n m ộ t í t ki ế n th ứ c PHP để s ử a m ẫ u 2. 2. 2. 2. H H H H ệ ệ ệ ệ th th th th ố ố ố ố ng ng ng ng khu khu khu khu ô ô ô ô n n n n m m m m ẫ ẫ ẫ ẫ u u u u M ộ t c á ch kh á c để t á ch bi ệ t kh á ch ch ủ l à d ù ng h ệ th ố ng khu ô n m ẫ u. Ngh ĩ a l à , c ó m ộ t s ố đá nh d ấ u n ộ i dung sau đó d ù ng ch ươ ng tr ì nh ph â n t í ch, thay th ế c á c đá nh d ấ u đó b ằ ng th ô ng tin c ầ n thi ế t. Th í d ụ , b ạ n c ó th ể t ạ o m ộ t t ậ p tin nh ư th ế n à y: Sau đó c ó th ể vi ế t ch ươ ng tr ì nh ph â n t á ch t ậ p tin, thay th ế c á c th ô ng tin trong d ấ u c á ch %% b ằ ng c á c th ô ng tin th í ch h ợ p. Ghi ch ú : m ộ t l ớ p h ỗ tr ợ h ệ th ố ng khu ô n m ẫ u kh á t ố t l à l ớ p FastTemplate, c ó ở www.thewebmasters.net 2.1. 2.1. 2.1. 2.1. Ư Ư Ư Ư u u u u đ đ đ đ i i i i ể ể ể ể m m m m c c c c ủ ủ ủ ủ a a a a h h h h ệ ệ ệ ệ th th th th ố ố ố ố ng ng ng ng khu khu khu khu ô ô ô ô n n n n m m m m ẫ ẫ ẫ ẫ u u u u  R ấ t trong s á ng  Kh ô ng c ầ n ki ế n th ứ c PHP để s ử a khu ô n m ẫ u 2.2. 2.2. 2.2. 2.2. Nh Nh Nh Nh ượ ượ ượ ượ c c c c đ đ đ đ i i i i ể ể ể ể m m m m  Ch ậ m h ơ n, b ạ n c ầ n ph â n t á ch t ậ p tin khu ô n m ẫ u, sau đó xu ấ t ra  Vi ệ c hi ệ n th ự c ph ứ c t ạ p h ơ n 15. 15. 15. 15. D D D D ù ù ù ù ng ng ng ng c c c c á á á á c c c c c c c c ấ ấ ấ ấ u u u u tr tr tr tr ú ú ú ú c c c c l l l l ỗ ỗ ỗ ỗ i i i i th th th th ờ ờ ờ ờ i i i i C ó nhi ề u ng ườ i c ứ d ù ng m ã i c á c m ã v à th ư vi ệ n l ỗ i th ờ i. Th í d ụ nh ư h ọ đã vi ế t m ộ t h à m d ù ng ở PHP 2, v à v ẫ n c ò n d ù ng n ó ở PHP 4, m ặ c d ù m ộ t h à m c ó c ù ng m ụ c đí ch nh ư th ế đã đượ c th ê m v à o ở PHP 3 D ù ng c á c c ấ u tr ú c l ỗ i th ờ i c ó th ể l à m ch ậ m ch ươ ng tr ì nh c ủ a b ạ n, c ũ ng nh ư l à m cho n ó tr ở n ê n kh ó hi ể u. Ng ườ i đọ c c á c ch ươ ng tr ì nh c ủ a b ạ n c ó th ể kh ô ng quen v ớ i c á c h à m l ỗ i th ờ i c ủ a PHP. Tuy nhi ê n, khi ph á t hi ệ n m ộ t đ o ạ n m ã l ạ c h ậ u, b ạ n đừ ng ngh ĩ r ằ ng c ầ n ph ả i thay th ế n ó . Ch ỉ c ầ n ch ắ c ch ắ n r ằ ng b ạ n s ẽ kh ô ng d ù ng n ó cho c á c ch ươ ng tr ì nh vi ế t trong t ươ ng lai. M ộ t th í d ụ v ề c ấ u tr ú c l ỗ i th ờ i, m à nhi ề u ng ườ i c ó v ẻ c ố n ắ m l ấ y, l à c ú ph á p beginControlStructure beginControlStructure beginControlStructure beginControlStructure ...

... much is an ice-cream? - Well, what sort of ice-cream do you want? - This one, a choc-ice. - 15 pence, please. - I'll have one, please. - Here you are. - Thanks. Dialogue 80 - Could ... very nice of you. Dialogue 73 - What bus are you catching? - Number 2 to the stadium. - Sorry to trouble you, but should I catch the same bus for the Post-Office? - Yes, you can catch any ... I'll pay. - A couple of cheese sandwiches, please. Dialogues for beginners By Teacher : Phan Diep Doan Dialogue 55 - I've got to go to the Railway station. - What for? - To...

... ASP.NET techniques, and then introduce increasingly powerful options–including Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) and Microsoft’s cloud computing initiative, Azure. Coverage includes ã Accessing ... the Photo Service responds, letting us know of any issues or if the account creation was successful. For any issues, we need to notify the user. If the account creation was successful, we let ... the user waits for the service response, the appli- cation should use asynchronous service request techniques for any REST- ful service calls it makes. The asynchronous request for creating a new...

... St ta ac ck k: :p pu us sh h(s st ta ac ck k s s, c ch ha ar r c c) { /* check s for overflow and push c */ } c ch ha ar r S St ta ac ck k: :p po op p(s st ta ac ck k s s) { /* check s for underflow ... implementation could consist of everything from the concrete class S St ta ac ck k that we left out of the interface S St ta ac ck k: c cl la as ss s A Ar rr ra ay y_ _s st ta ac ck k : p pu ub bl li ic c ... ta ac ck k: :p po op p() { /* check for underflow and pop */ } The user code goes in a third file, say u us se er r .c c. The code in u us se er r .c c and s st ta ac ck k .c c shares the stack interface...

... 95 Adding the Content 96 Conclusion 97 Chapter 7 Gathering Information with Forms 98 Understanding Forms 98 Processing Forms with Scripts 102 Using Scripts 102 Finding Scripts 103 Borrowing Scripts ... ailments and quickly recommending a course of action for nursing us back to health. But when doctors reach a consensus that they have no clue what is wrong, the scariest of all medical procedures, ... distributors worldwide. For further information about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329....

... "school of the Caracci," because LUDOVICO CARACCI (1555-1619) was at the head of a large academy there, and was assisted by his nephews, AGOSTINO CARACCI (1558-1601) and ANNIBALE CARACCI ... masters was much the same, but Masaccio became so much the greater that little is said of Masolino. The principal works of Masaccio are a series of frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel in Florence. They represent ... FRANCESCO CHAPTER III. 52 cooked the food, played games, danced, and practised gymnastics, conducted their scenes of festivity and mourning in short, how they lived under all circumstances....

... How much is an ice-cream? - Well, what sort of ice-cream do you want? - This one, a choc-ice. - 15 pence, please. - I'll have one, please. - Here you are. - Thanks. Dialogue 80 - Could ... now? - Time for bed, I think. - O.K. Coming, Mummy. - Now, hurry up! Dialogue 49 - Sorry to trouble you, but should I catch the same bus for the Post-Office? - Yes, you can catch any bus ... a coat on? - As you like. Are you afraid of catching cold? - Certainly. - All right, then. Dialogue 69 Dialogues for beginners Narrator: Randall Benton & Barbara Dawson Matt & Caryl...