... trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data The Fungal community : its organization androlein the ... level? The in uence of scale and heterogeneity in the ecosystem is a confounding factor in our attempts to understand ecology and community functioning However, these factors are inherent in ecosystems, ... focus is twofold in that an understanding of spatial and temporal scales is essential both for describing the distribution of organisms and for understanding the roles of organisms in ecosystem function...
... flowering and sex-determination is very scarce, yet essential to accelerate breeding and aid our understanding of flowering control in kiwifruit and woody perennial species in general Molecular and ... resulting in an entry clone All entry clones were verified using sequence analysis before cloning in the yeast two-hybrid GAL4 binding domain vector pDEST32 (bait) and GAL4 activating domain vector ... Actinidia species differ significantly in their timing of budbreak, winter-chilling requirements, lengths and numbers of nodes per shoot, indicating a genetic control of shoot growth and flowering...
... Jugovic; and my cousins Erin Dunivan and Kristin and Scott Petherick Your love and support throughout my life and education has been and continues to be incredible My brother Robbie Collins for ... challenging me and supporting me in ways only a sibling could I am grateful that you are both my brother and my friend My parents Bob and Mary Ann Collins for always loving me, supporting me and inspiring ... carboxylesterases include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, salicylates, haloperidol, cocaine, heroin, and the chemotherapeutics irinotecan and capecitabine (Satoh and Hosokawa, 1998)...
... process involving leukocytes during inflammation[6] 1.1.3 Cell-matrix adhesion Cell matrix adhesion is mediated by a group of heterodimeric proteins called integrins Integrins contain an α chain and ... FAK and Fyn/Shc pathways represent two main signaling pathways activated by integrins Apart from these main signaling pathways, integrins can also initiate several other signaling pathways leading ... continuously subjected to mechanical strain with each heart beat, epithelial cells lining the alveoli in the lungs are stretched during inspiration, and epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal...
... fulfill the chilling requirement to break winter dormancy in Scots pine has been stressed (e.g., Wareing, 1951; Vegis, 1965; Sarvas, 1974) In the following,I will use the working definition of dormancy ... Stockholm Res Notes 17, pp 125140 Dormling (1986) Dormancy in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings In: Provenances and Forest Tree Breeding for High Latitudes (Lindgren D., ed.), Dept For Genet ... 48-57 Ingestad T (1979) Mineral nutrient requiresylvestris and Picea abies seed- ments of Pinus lings Physiol Plant 45, 373-380 Kupila-Ahvenniem S (1985) Wintertime changes in the fine structure and...
... corresponds with apoptosis induction, a critical parameter impaired in cancer cells, and this induction is selectively exerted in cancer and transformed cell lines, while being less active toward ... bcl-2 in HL-60 cells treated for 48 h with increasing dose of LA (E) Subcellular distribution of immunoreactive AIF and Cyt C in the cytosol, mitochondria and nucleus in control and 24 and 48 ... control may be complex and appears to involve at least the down regulation of cyclin E/cdk2 and cyclin B1/cdk1 in a manner that effects synergistic cell cycle arrest andinduction of apoptosis...
... ATCCCCL 88) and MA139 (ferret, obtained from J Hartley) Cells were trypsinized and passed 24 hours after transfection and maintained in medium with 0.8 mg/ml geneticin (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY) ... which two are within the third extracellular CAT-1 loop that contains the virus binding site: I214V, and a glycine insertion within the YGE virus binding site [6] As shown in the present paper, ... glycoproteins The inhibitor CST blocks glucose trimming, and DMM and SW inhibit successive steps in mannose trimming The fact that all of these inhibitors along with the sugar analog 2DG and glycosylation...
... ATP binding site serves as a docking site for specific binding of cytoplasmic signaling proteins containing Src homology-2 (SH2) and protein tyrosine binding (PTB) domains These proteins in turn ... tyrosine kinase inhibitors Inhibiting the activity of tyrosine kinases by low molecular weight compounds capable of interfering with either ligand binding (in the case of receptor tyrosine kinases) ... The NRTK have a kinase domain and often possess several additional signaling or protein-protein interacting domains such as SH2, SH3 and the PH domain [9] The tyrosine kinase domain spans approximately...
... of job satisfaction, and methodology adopted Subsequently, the main findings are presented and discussed and finally conclusions and managerial implications of the findings and research areas are ... seems to be equitable, equal with job demands, individual skill level and community payment standards In contrast, the findings of survey performed by Brainard (2005) figured out that job satisfaction ... participate in the survey and the questionnaires were handed over to them manually and by Email Questionnaire formally classified as standard instrument for measuring employees‟ job satisfaction And...
... very-KIND-MAP2 interaction v-KIND KIND2 KIND2-1 KIND2-2 KIND2-3 KIND2-4 KIND2-5 A 620 521 555 488 589 EGFP EGFP-KIND2-1 EGFP-KIND2-2 EGFP-KIND2-3 EGFP-KIND2-4 EGFP-KIND2-5 EGFP-KIND2 EGFP-KIND1 ... the structural and functional determinants of the protein–protein interaction between v-KIND and MAP2 (i.e the MAP2-binding core module in v-KIND and the v-KIND-binding core module in MAP2) across ... deletion of RasGEF; KIND1, KIND1 domain; KIND2, KIND2 domain (B) KIND2 domain anchors v-KIND to dendrites Flag-tagged v-KIND, DKIND1, DKIND2, DKIND1 + 2, DRasN, DGEF, KIND1 or KIND2 together with...
... acidity, integrated pest management, double-cropping, and crop Livestock’s rolein climate change and air pollution rotations including green manure and cover crops Increasing crop yields result in ... Burning is common in establishing and managing burning represented some 85 percent of the area of pastures, tropical rain forests and savannah burned in Latin American fires 2000, 60 percent in ... conversion to appropriate land uses, and adoption of recommended management practices on cropland and grazing land.” Taking just the grasslands in Africa, if the gains in soil carbon stocks, technologically...
... PDZ proteins: Mint-3, AMPA binding protein and glutamate receptor interacting protein (GRIP) It would therefore be interesting to determine whether this motif is also involved in the interaction ... binding domain We therefore cannot rule out an interaction between MT1-MMP ICD and the GRASP55 PDZ1 domain GRASP55 binds to furin, PC5/6B and PC7 intracellular domains The pro-convertase furin ... UK) were maintained in DMEM containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (Hyclone Laboratories Inc., UT, USA), mm l-glutamine, 100 UÆmL)1 penicillin and 100 lgÆmL)1 streptomycin at 37 °C in 5% CO2...
... changes in the cytoskeleton that may occur during the initial h window of infection We infected RPE cells with K26GFP [27], and stained cells for F-actin, using phalloidin at 30 and h postinfection, ... time points and stained for F-actin (red) The GFP intensity (representing virus production) increased significantly over time, as seen pictorially in Fig 3A–E andin graphical form in Fig 3F Infection ... boxed regions in (b) and (e) are highlighted in (c) and (f) Arrows and arrowheads in (c) and (f) indicate the association of HSV-1 GFP particles with actin-stained rhodamine phalloidin (g, h) Effect...
... aglycone-binding site in the stabilization of ESà and the interdependence between the binding of aglycone and the positioning of glycone in subsite )1 are not known In this study, the rolein the ... be of particular importance in understanding the physiological role of b-glycosidases andin designing inhibitors In addition, another important issue in understanding the aglycone specificity ... Aglycone-binding site of SbDhr1, including the substrate dhurrin (D) Aglycone-binding site of BglB, including the inhibitor thiocellobiose (E) Sequence alignment of some b-glycosidases showing residues...
... wild-type occludin (OccWT) and variant occludin in apoptosis and invasion, as determined by assay, we revealed that exon played a major rolein the induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and the ... occludin in apoptosis and invasion A C B D E F Fig Identification of a human occludin splice variant in liver cell lines (A) Occludin protein expression was examined with an antibody to the N-terminus ... cells In Chang cells, stained occludin was observed in the cytoplasmic region Additionally, in OccWT-overexpressing Hep3B and Huh7 cells, regions stained with antibody to hemagglutinin (HA), indicating...
... copper binding could still allow domain swapping to occur It is of interest that a N-terminally truncated prion protein, lacking the copper binding domain is capable of domain swapping and forms ... C-terminus (box in Fig 1) at sites: 92, 75, 66 and 58 As histidine residues are central to copper binding in many proteins they probably form part of the copper binding sites in this protein Although ... binding on the secondary structure was determined using CD in the far UV To prepare proteins without Cu2+, part of each protein 4252 Fig Comparison of copper binding by stefin A and stefin B using...
... in the AUH gene This indicated that AUH, in addition to its RNA binding function, must play an important rolein leucine catabolism AUH was overproduced in E coli and characterized by measuring ... (c.719C>T) in exon and an insertion mutation c.613–614insA This insertion causes a frameshift that starts at Met205 and leads to the introduction of a stop codon after four amino acids The intra-assay ... Characterisation and mitochondrial localisation of AUH, an AU-specific RNA-binding enoyl-CoA hydratase Gene 228, 85–91 Nakagawa J & Moroni C (1997) A 20-amino-acid autonomous RNA-binding domain contained in...
... weak, binding of ACP to the docking site followed by a conformational change in ACP proposed to inject the acyl chain into the substrate-binding pocket [32] If a similar mechanism is involved in ... two histidines (H298 and H333), promoting decarboxylation of malonyl and H333 also playing a rolein the condensation reaction and for the pKa value of the nucleophile [7,8]; (c) a lysine (K328), ... studies, including crystal structures of both CHH and CHN enzymes [1,4,5,11,12] have contributed to the understanding of the role of conserved residues in the active site of CHH condensing enzymes, and...
... conditions [62] Interestingly, we observed that the insulin mRNA PTB binding site has an overlapping consensus CSD binding site PTB, to date, has only been implicated in stability of insulin and VEGF ... with this, recombinant GST-PTB and GST-dbpB/YB-1 bound to the VC1 probe and PTB and CSD protein binding were reduced by mutations in the PTB (VC3) and CSD protein (VC2) binding sites, respectively ... proteins may also play a rolein post-transcriptional regulation of VEGF expression in the cytoplasm, in conjunction with another singlestrand RNA/DNA binding protein, PTB Conserved CSD/PTB binding...
... in hydration and the conformational changes involved in protein–ligand interactions [16,17], and thus may provide further information on the molecular mechanism of fosfomycin and UDPNAG binding ... involved in fosfomycin binding, andin view of the multitude of interactions, it was assumed that deletion of a single interaction would not lead to a complete loss of fosfomycin binding Therefore ... providing a rationale for the loss of fosfomycin binding to the K22V and K22E mutant proteins However, two other positively charged amino acid side chains, R397 and R120, are also involved in fosfomycin...