biomedical photonics a revolution at the interface of science and technology
Effects of English collocation instruction on the writing skill of first year English major students at Hanoi University of Science and Technology = Ảnh hưởng c
Ngày tải lên :
28/03/2015, 10:15
... the main learning load for language users There is, also, another categorization that there are two basic kinds of collocations: lexical collocations and grammatical collocations (Benson et al, ... essays The emphasis of collocation instruction in week and week 10 was on grammatical collocations The materials for teaching grammatical collocations included: a short summary of grammatical ... he‟s a good age” Medium-strength collocations are in the middle of the collocational continuum and they make up a large part of what is said and written “Hold a conversation”, and “make a mistake”...
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the handbook of science and technology studies
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 15:31
... Laboratory phenomena, then, are not in themselves natural but are made to stand in for nature; in their purity and artificiality they are typically seen as more fundamental and revealing of nature ... in their studies of science and technology, and between STS and policy-relevant research; a lack of comparative research across disciplines and nations; and a bias toward studying the bigger and ... and place matter more than ever, and not only at the level of individual action the individual scientist in organizational and historical context—but also at the larger scales of institutional...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 2 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:22
... that they have been fabricated or have to be carefully maintained The double nature of facts—as fabricated and as unfabricated—has become a cliché of history of science and of science studies The ... questions of the democratization of science and technology come to the fore THE LANGUAGE OF STS AND THE LANGUAGE OF POLICY The broad context of the crisis of representation, and the question of whether ... controversial matters of fact before they can be treated matter of factually that we can witness the obvious phenomenon of the pathways—what I call networks9—in plain light before they disappear and leave...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 3 pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:22
... Unfortunately, Adam reiterates a prevalent misreading of my argument in Plans and Situated Actions (1987), stating that I propose that people not make plans but rather act in ways that are situated and ... critique The first, named “State, Operator, and Result” or Soar, was initiated by AI founding father Feminist STS and the Sciences of the Artificial 143 Allen Newell in the late 1980s The aim of the ... automata or the creation of machines in (a certain) image of the human and human capacities, and (4) analysis informed by, or on my reading resonant with, feminist theorizing I take it that a...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 4 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:22
... universal, at least translocal or global and that the focus on local practice concealed that fact How then can the conceptual and methodological toolbox of STS be adjusted and expanded to accommodate ... critique so long as they adopt the attitude of participants and contextualize argumentative norms At a minimum, they may view idealized norms in pragmatic and rhetorical, rather than legislative, terms; ... and explanatory analyses of argumentation can nonetheless engage interdisciplinarily with a critical project committed to normative standards of reasonable argument If argumentation theory can...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 5 pot
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... spatial and measurable, “mathematized.” As this requirement is formalized, “mathematization” becomes a necessary assumption of the science and image that depends on it We can thus attend to the ... Lynch, any claims about the relation between the endurance of the factual products of the laboratory and the practice at the lab are not actually part of his project At the end of his ethnography, ... Latour and Woolgar (1979: 257) said that the difference between their work and the work of the subjects of study was that the latter had a laboratory But of course, Latour and Woolgar did have...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 6 doc
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... collections; clinical trial databases; Crackberry databases; specialized databases of annotated and standardized raw research data; ontologies; robotic agents; text parsing; artificial life forms; ... of these disparate states depends on architectural manipulations and stabilizations of three apparent antinomies: public and private, visible and invisible, standardized and differentiated Laboratory ... sure, ANT directs attention to the nonhuman materialities at “centers of calculation” such as Pasteur’s Parisian laboratory and the public arenas where he demonstrated his anthrax vaccine (Latour,...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 7 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... to what they say, that we can and should trust them in their proper domains Pragmatically, there’s a lot to recommend this state of affairs: it’s unfortunate that the ideas of both Darwinian evolution ... summary of the attitudes of AAAS members in 1905; his second, which also included the corollary that women may have lesser innate mathematical abilities than men, replicates Hall’s analysis Finally, ... identifying, celebrating, and propagating the scientific method for a long time—arguably at least as far back as the time of Descartes, Newton, and Boyle It’s that universal, rational, and effective...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 8 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... social inequalities that characterize the field of health and health care? What conceptions of medical science patient groups promote and contest, and what visions they articulate of what it means ... biomedical data and frameworks as part of their political argu- Patient Groups and Health Movements 511 mentation a tension that Heath, Rapp, and Taussig rightly label productive (Heath et al., ... the process of partial implementation of their concerns—for example, as Natalie Boero Patient Groups and Health Movements 523 has analyzed, surgeons’ adaptations of the arguments of the fat acceptance...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 9 doc
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... abstract it from reality Focusing on an artifact alone can cause us to bracket and black-box (and push out of sight) all the social practices and social meanings that pragmatically make the artifact ... contends that engineers have a good deal of latitude (power, influence, discretion) in what they create They manipulate nature, but they can and manipulate it in this or that way because they are pursuing ... between a centralized European superstate with requirements for standardization and harmonization across cultures and the more exploratory aspiration for a European state where the uncertainties and...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 10 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... commercialization of science The Genealogy of the American Laboratory Laboratories were not something that just naturally appeared in the American landscape: they had to be built, and to be able ... avoid corporate taxation Approaching the commercialization of science from this angle profoundly revises the usual narrative of the privatization of modern academic science as a straightforward ... into an era that appreciates the compelling logic of technology transfer.” At the risk of caricature, one might summarize their central task as the gathering of empirical data in order to argue...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 11 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... implementation through national or military laboratories.3 We treat 1980 and the passage of the 1980 Patents and Trademark Law Amendments Act, known as Bayh-Dole, as the third pivotal phase Although the ... work; the history of various research locations, whether industrial or national laboratories or out in the field; international historical and comparative investigations; and also a history of state ... establishment of the contemporary federal research administration (see Geiger, 1993) The span of a generation saw the founding of the National Science Foundation (NSF; 1950), the National Laboratory...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 12 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... of education and training but should also facilitate and encourage the private sector to play active roles, as several model economies in Asia have done The educational strategies of the Asian ... generally, social understandings of evidence and proof, the aims of advocacy, the nature of expertise, and indeed the status of science in relation to politics and power are all refracted through the lenses ... disregard of the other The lack of contact is especially notable given that assumptions about nature and science have long underwritten the authority of the law, just as legal ideas about codes and...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 13 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... forward and backward in time and spatial functions of attracting and activating proteins in non-native patterns The ability to arrest and pace the development and proliferation of cells according ... production based on bodily materials also has significant implications for transnational and local governance and for the role of democratic participation in science and medicine The neologism regenerative ... other forms of capital in a way that reveals both the articulation points with national economic projects and private commercial interests, locates the gaps and volatility in market support, and...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 14 pot
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... accounting for financial data, and practical rules for the classification of these data Observation, representation, and calculation of financial data are approached as epistemic themes, in a manner ... with the help of complex mathematical models, software programs for the instant display and analysis of financial data, and much more Against the background of a global expansion, this massive ... (3) the narrative framing of pricing formulas A complementary aspect of standardization is how price data—made abstract and taken out of the concrete contexts of their generation—are used by financial...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 15 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... and Social Change at Arizona State University and Director of the Division of Social and Economic Sciences at the National Science Foundation He studies the social organization and dynamics of ... Ethical, Social, and Legal Impacts of Nanotechnology.” Available at: www http://www.nanologue.net/ National Nanotechnology Initiative (2007) “What Is Nanotechnology?” Available at: http://www nano.gov/html/facts/whatIsNano.html ... Frontier: A Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative (Washington, DC: National Academies Press) National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) (2004) “National Nanotechnology Initiative: Strategic...
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The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 16 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 05:23
... 776 the language of, 762 making science in the court, 455–456 morality of the, 764 natural law and judicial decision-making, 765–766 patent law rulings, 657, 705 regulating commodification and ... 515 language as a cultural artifact for, 263 1049 patenting and information sharing, 253, 661, 700, 705 via contact language or pidgins, 358 communication studies See also media and information ... private aspects of inquiry, 361–363 research as labor, 324–328 research facilities, global standardization of, 353 See also place research organizations, capitalism models of, 667–671 research...
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- the nature of science and technology
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