... We
propose a new statistical formalism: Bilingual
TopicAdMixture model, or BiTAM, to facilitate
topic- based word alignment in SMT.
Variants of admixturemodels have appeared in
population genetics ... assumed to constitute a mixture of
hidden topics; each word-pair follows a
topic- specific bilingual translation model.
Three BiTAMmodels are proposed to cap-
ture topic sharing at different levels of ... higher-order alignment
models can be embedded similarly within the pro-
posed framework.
3 BilingualTopicAdMixture Model
Now we describe the BiTAM formalism that
captures the latent topical structure...
... the probability under topic 1, topic 2,
etc., or F
2
: What is the probability under the most
probable topic, second most, etc.
A model using F
1
learns whether a specific topic
is useful for translation, ... machine
translation systems toward relevant transla-
tions based on topic- specific contexts, where
topics are induced in an unsupervised way
using topic models; this can be thought of
as inducing subcorpora ... probabilistic member-
ship. This topic model infers the topic distribution
of a test set and biases sentence translations to ap-
propriate topics. We accomplish this by introduc-
ing topic dependent lexical...
... details) before build-
ing topicmodels for C
R
(q), where some low-
frequency items are removed.
Determine the number of topics: Most topic
models require the number of topics to be known
beforehand
1
. ... be related to multiple
topics in some topicmodels (e.g., pLSI and
LDA).
Topic modeling
Semantic class construction
word
item (word or phrase)
document
RASC
topic
semantic class
Table ... top-
ic models here. To employ topic models, we treat
RASCs as “documents”, items as “words”, and
the final semantic classes as “topics”.
There are, however, several challenges in ap-
plying topic...
... Work
We have presented two novel probabilistic models
for unsupervised word sense disambiguation using
parallel corpora and have shown that both models
outperform existing unsupervised approaches. ... significant difference in
model performance.
5 Experimental Evaluation
Both the models are generative probabilistic models
learned from parallel corpora and are expected to
fit the training and subsequent ... English and Spanish
senses to build the concepts.
Unsupervised Sense Disambiguation Using Bilingual Probabilistic Models
Indrajit Bhattacharya
Dept. of Computer Science
University of Maryland
College...
... we can recover several previously used models for
monolingual segmentation and bilingual joint seg-
mentation and alignment. We discuss the relation-
ship ... model configuration but a
simpler uniform transition distortion distribution.
Note that the bilingualmodels perform worse than
the monolingual ones in segmentation F1. This
finding is in line with ... subset of variables
to use in each of three component sub -models. This
might in part explain their advantage over previous-
state-of-the-art models, which might use fewer (e.g.
(Poon et al., 2009)...
... the 60 topics. Each story
was labelled according to whether the story dis-
cussed the topic or not. Not all the topics were
present in the Japanese corpora. We therefore col-
lected 1 topic from ... evaluation
data, TDT1, 2, or 3. ‘ID’ denotes topic number de-
fined by the TDT. ‘OnT.’(On -Topic) refers to the
number of stories discussing the topic. Bold font
stands for the topic which happened in Japan. ... calcu-
1
m
refers to the difference of dates between English and
232
Table 2: Topic Name
TDT ID Topic name OnT. TDT ID Topic name OnT.
1 15 Kobe Japan quake 9,912
2 31015 Japan Apology to Korea...
... account.
We can envisage more complex models, in-
cluding distortion parameters, multiword no-
tions, or information on part-of-speech, infor-
mation derived from bilingual dictionaries or
from ...
candidate terms are extracted in one language,
449
Flow Network Models for Word Alignment and Terminology
Extraction from Bilingual Corpora
l~ric
Gaussier
Xerox Research Centre Europe 6, ... solved alignment 4.
3.2 Experiment
In order to test the previous model, we se-
lected a small bilingual corpus consisting of
1000 aligned sentences, from a corpus on satel-
lite telecommunications....
... in DADT author topics are disjoint from
document topics, with different priors for each topic
set. Thus, the number of author topics can be differ-
ent from the number of document topics, enabling
us ... χ.
To fairly compare the topic- based methods, we
used the same overall number of topics for all the
topic models. We present only the results obtained
with the best topic settings: 100 for PAN’11 ... number of document topics. It is worth not-
ing that AT can be seen as an extreme version of
DADT, where all the topics are author topics. A fu-
ture extension is to learn the topic balance automat-
ically,...
... Which
would you choose to buy? Give specific reasons to explain your choice.
Writing Topics
(continued)
27
WRITING TOPICS
Topics in the following list may appear in your actual
test. You should become ... TOEFL test. Remember
that when you take the test you will not have a choice
of topics. You must write only on the topic that is
assigned to you.
People attend college or university for many different ... support or oppose this plan? Why? Use
specific reasons and details in your answer.
Writing Topics
29
WRITING TOPICS
Should a city try to preserve its old, historic buildings or destroy them and
replace...
... future is unlikely to
come up, this section is arranged with the topics which are most common in the
Speaking Part One “future plans” topic nearest the top.
Talk about one thing you are going ...
jump. Luckily, the 6 to 8 most popular topics in IELTS Speaking Part One (e.g.
Friends and Families) can also come up in Part Two (although the same topic is
never used twice in the same test). ... presentations.
It is not possible to say which topics are most likely to come up in the IELTS
Speaking Test Part Two, but the most typical questions for each of the topics
that are the same as IELTS Speaking...