... in the classification ofskin lesions However, the image contains only the information from theskin surface, and strong reflections of light partly disturb the visibility ofthe lesion In the ... determine whether persons can be classified into skin types I–IV according to the lightness (L) of their skin We examined theskin color of sun-exposed regions (forehead, dorsum ofthe hand) and ... softens the horny layer Sebum production on the face adds lubricity, but can also make theskin look and feel greasy The temperature oftheskin surface may also contribute to the appearance of...
... to 80% ofthe dry weight ofskin consists of collagen The most abundant collagen types in skin are types I and III; the former accounts for 80% ofthe total collagen content ofskin and the latter ... Thinning ofthe dermis Hyperextensible skin Thinning ofskin Fragility ofskin Osteogenesis imperfecta Thin, fragile skin Scleroderma Thickening and stiffening ofskin Tumorlike thickening ofskin ... the upward phase From this point, the residuaL extension can be measured Plammetry ofthe area below the upward curve, and ofthe area between the hysteresis loop, allows the calculation of the...
... flow The autonomic innervation oftheskin mostly belongs to the sympathetic division ofthe autonomic nervous system The postganglionic nerve fibers run in peripheral nerves to the skin, where they ... function The impact ofthe parasympathetic nervous system on the skin, however, is of negligible importance in humans Theskin is › › › › This chapter describes anatomy and function ofthe sympathetic ... neurobiology ofskin appendages and the role ofthe nervous system in the pathophysiology ofskin disorders We believe that this book will be useful to investigators studying the effects ofthe nervous...
... Diagnosis of Pigmented Lesions oftheSkinThe Board ofthe Consensus Netmeeting agreed on a two-step procedure for the classification of pigmented lesions oftheskin (see Fig. I.3.7) [6] The first ... clues are the presence at the lateral edges ofthe lesion of conventional complexes of nevoid melanocytes, the restriction ofthe fibrotic changes to the center of it, and the absence of prominent ... R Hofmann-Wellenhof, R. H Johr (Eds.) Color Atlas of Melanocytic Lesions oftheSkin H. P Soyer G Argenziano R Hofmann-Wellenhof R. H Johr (Eds.) Color Atlas of Melanocytic Lesions ofthe Skin...
... than lighterskinned whites In keeping with the role of sun exposure, the incidence is inversely correlated with the latitude of residence; at any latitude, darker-skinned persons have the lowest ... common cancer in men (5% of cancers) and the sixth most common in women (4% of cancers) The tumor can affect adults of all ages, even young individuals (starting in the mid-teens); has distinct ... excision is possible; and is located on theskin surface, where it is visible The incidence has increased dramatically (6% per year from 1973 to 1980, then 3% per year) Current lifetime risk...
... Superficial spreading melanoma is the most frequent variant observed in the white population Melanomas arising in dysplastic nevi (see below) are usually of this type The back is the most common site for ... melanomas can be amelanotic, in which case the diagnosis is established histologically after biopsy of a new or changing skin nodule or because of a suspicion of a basal cell carcinoma (see below) ... blue-black predominantly a During much of this time, the precursor stage, lentigo maligna, is confined to the epidermis Source: Adapted from AJ Sober, in Pathophysiology of Dermatologic Diseases, NA Soter,...
... other Shape Irregular borders; Round; sharp, clear-cut pigment may fade off into borders between the nevus and surrounding skin; macular the surrounding skin; may be portion at the edge ofthe ... Academy of Dermatology, the National Cancer Institute, and theSkin Cancer Foundation Self-examination at 6- to 8-week intervals may enhance the likelihood of detecting change The importance of routine ... Sun-exposed areas; the Generally on the sun- back is the most common site, exposed surfaces oftheskin but dysplastic nevi may also be above the waist; the scalp, seen on the scalp, breasts, and breasts,...
... configuration The lesion may have an excess of thick, coarse hairs The risk of melanoma developing in these lesions is not known but appears to be relatively small The management of small- to ... D—diameter >6 mm (the size of a pencil eraser) Of these criteria, the weakest is diameter >6 mm since a significant fraction of melanomas are now diagnosed with diameters
... excision ofthe lesion with a margin of normal skin is necessary to remove all malignant cells and minimize possible local recurrence The appropriate width ofthe margin is a source of controversy ... bone pain The physical examination should be directed especially to the skin, regional draining lymph nodes, central nervous system, liver, and spleen In the absence of signs or symptoms of metastasis, ... node(s) from the primary site is/are identified by injecting a blue dye and a radioisotope around the primary site The initial draining node(s) is/are then identified by inspection ofthe nodal...
... 70–80% of NMSCs Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), while representing only ~20% of NMSC, are more significant because of their ability to metastasize (Fig 83-2); they account for most ofthe 2400 ... eroded plaque on the lower lip Sun-exposed skin such as the head, neck, hands, and arms are other typical sites of involvement C Actinic keratoses consists of hyperkeratotic erythematous papules ... disease may also prove applicable in the adjuvant setting The absence of curative therapy for patients with metastatic melanoma underscores the importance of early detection and prevention as...
... decrease the rate of NMSC in xeroderma pigmentosum Squamous Cell Carcinoma The therapy of cutaneous SCC should be based on an analysis of risk factors influencing the biologic behavior ofthe tumor These ... These include the size, location, and degree of histologic differentiation ofthe tumor as well as the age and physical condition ofthe patient Surgical excision, MMS, and radiation therapy are ... unknown On the other hand, MMS, a specialized type of surgical excision that permits the best histologic control and preservation of uninvolved tissue, is associated with cure rates >98% It is the preferred...
... WH Jr et al: The histogenesis and biologic behavior of primary human malignant melanoma oftheskin Cancer Res 29:705, 1969 [PMID: 5773814] Friedman RI et al (eds): Cancer oftheSkin Philadelphia, ... 1991 ——— et al: Malignant melanoma in the 1990s: The continued importance of early detection and the role of physician examination and self-examination oftheskin CA Cancer J Clin 1:201, 1991 Kirkwood ... interferon-a2a: Effective combination therapy for advanced squamous cell carcinoma oftheskin J Natl Cancer Inst 84:235, 1992 [PMID: 1734084] Marks R: An overview ofskin cancers Incidence and causation...
... over the time pre- The 24 cases of amputations (42.1%) also reflected the selection of local advanced disease Sixteen of 24 cases (66.7%) were T4 Most of them had no possibility to try other ... Carcinoma oftheskinofthe trunk and limbs: The incidence of metastases and their outcome Aust N Z J Surg 1992, 62:697-701 Ames FC, Hickey RC: Squamous cell carcinoma oftheskinofthe extremities ... was the only statistically significant factor: of 11 patients with preceding chronic skin lesion at the site of SCC presented lymph node metastasis, versus of 35 (p = 0.050) The mean time of presentation...
... algorithmic approach to the treatment of chronic wounds The caring of wounds has always been the realm ofthe various branches of surgery Dermatology, on the other hand, being the medical science ... Leaking of plasma through the permeable vessels into surrounding tissue causes the site ofthe injury to become swollen Due to the secretion of various chemical substances, the area may show other ... assist physicians in the treatment of chronic wounds, and that it will ultimately serve to reduce the immense suffering of those afflicted Note to the Reader Neither the authors nor the publishers...
... establishment ofthe unique scientific branch of histopathology by Virchow [26] in the middle ofthe nineteenth century is the basis for our understanding ofthe processes of Fig 3.8 The significance of a ... GD: Formation ofthe scab and the rate of epithelization of superficial wounds in theskinofthe young domestic pig Nature 1962; 193 : 293–294 30 Hinman CD, Maibach H: Effect of air exposure ... equilibrium between the synthesis of new stable collagen and the lysis of old collagen is the hallmark of this phase Collagen type III, synthesized in the first few weeks, is replaced by the more stable...
... glucocorticoid therapy may be detrimental to the quality oftheskin in these cases, thus further hindering the repair of cutaneous ulcers Vasculitic involvement may induce ulceration in other connective ... morphological characteristics that may direct the physician to the underlying cause are (a) the appearance ofthe ulcer’s margin and (b) the appearance oftheskin around the ulcer Fig 5.3 Bluish discoloration ... Seite 42 In addition to the above, numerous hypotheses have been put forward to explain the exact mechanism ofskin damage and the development of ulceration in the presence of venous insufficiency...
... places The extent of undermining can be drawn on theskin around the ulcer These markings are important for assessing the progress ofthe ulcer and the effectiveness of treatment Additionally, the ... Assessment ofthe ulcer area Depth The presence and extent of undermining Parameters of wound/ulcer infection Assessment ofthe appearance ofthe ulcer surface Then we detail parameters of assessment ... Extravasation of red blood cells – secondary to injury ofthe blood vessels Other signs of damage to the wall may be present, such as the degeneration of collagen fibers, and the necrosis of endothelial...
... to the wound surface Removal ofthe dressing may then strip away newly forming epithelium [3] On the other hand, the probability of epithelial injury with the use of hydrogel or hydrocolloid dressings ... gangrenosum or other conditions associated with pathergy are present The term ‘pathergy’, in the context of debridement of cutaneous ulcers, refers to the formation of a new lesion or aggravation of existing ... Identification of pathergy, apart from the clinical impression ofthe worsening of ulcers following debridement, is made by the ‘pathergy test’ This is performed by pricking theskin with a sterile...
... Formation ofthe scab and the rate of epithelization of superficial wounds in theskinofthe young domestic pig Nature 1962; 193 : 293–294 Steed DL, Donohoe D, Webster MW et al: Effect of extensive ... information on the antibiotic-susceptibility pattern (antibiogram) ofthe offending microorganism The quality ofthe specimen is the most important factor determining the accuracy of identification ... parameters such as the etiology ofthe ulcer, its depth, extent ofthe infection, and the suspected microorganism present For the time being, a reasonable approach is based on the depth ofthe ulcer When...
... way of decreasing the required area of donor skin is to apply smaller pieces of donor skin, instead of one large sheet that covers the entire area ofthe ulcer These grafts are placed onto the ... ulcers of various etiologies The mean duration ofthe ulcers prior to the grafting procedure was 16 years Beneficial effects were manifested either by the appearance of islands of epithelium on the ... epithelium on the ulcer bed (in 29% ofthe ulcers) or by enhanced migration of epithelium from the periphery ofthe ulcer (seen in 44% ofthe ulcers) Since then, other studies have shown that topically...