... with in
order to build an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) in
the domain of foreign languageteaching is that of
establishing what kind of grammatical knowledge
has to be included in the ... Publ.
- 154 -
• ~ •
TEACHING THE ENGLISH TENSE:
INTEGRATING NAIVE AND FORMAL GRAMMARS IN AN INTELLIGENT
TUTOR FOR FOREIGN LANGUAGETEACHING
Danilo Fum 1, Bruno Pani 2 and Carlo Tasso 2
1 ... the
main concerns in designing the knowledge base for
this module has been that of maintaining the
wealth of ideas and intuitions existing in the naive
account of tenses while developing at...
... learners work
in their teachingand learning of
second/foreign language. Indeed, the use of
the Internet and the World Wide Web in
second and foreign language instruction has
been increasingly recognized. ... include the
investment in training. The use of the
Internet inlanguageteachingand learning
requires some technological knowledge and
computer skills from both teachers and
learners. Insufficient ... pedagogical
principles of languageteaching is one that
emphasizes the study of languagein a
cultural context because languageand
culture are inextricable and independent.
Sanaouri and Lapkin (1992)...
... intersection points of the pairs of
straight lines AB and DE, BC and EF , CD and F A lie on one straight line. It is
not difficult to verify that the coordinates of the intersection point of AB and DE
are
(a ... the main method in secret confiding only in his closest pupils.
In Europe, the first publication related to determinants, due to Cramer, ap-
peared in 1750. In this work Cramer gave a determinant ... of A.
2. Minors and cofactors
2.1. There are many instances when it is convenient to consider the determinant
of the matrix whose elements stand at the intersection of certain p rows and p
columns...
... care includes preventing and treating sexually
transmitted infections, including HIV and AIDS. In addition,
reproductive health care can bring patients into the healthcare system,
encouraging ...
ã Is New Zealand imposing family planning services on developing
countries in the Pacific?
No. Men and women who participate in New Zealand-supported family
planning projects do so ... family planning services, including a comprehensive range of
contraceptives, commodities and information, education and counselling
services on sexuality, sexual and reproductive health and responsible...
...
cartoon by George du Maurier appeared in Punch in 1880 depicting a group of
admiring women listening to the dandified art critic Prigsby comparing a head in a
painting to Greek sculpture. The satire ... change in mainstream fashion. Practical changes were
made due to an increased number of women working and playing various sports, such
as lawn tennis and cycling, and such change rapidly increased ... Great Britain and Ireland on 74 Gower
St WC in 1896 and includes one hand written book and A Catalogue of the Historical
Section. It sold at 11s and gave examples of the dresses and directions...
... constrained for English.) One very general
constraint, excluding all combinations with or into
NP,
is included in the program, in order to force
type-raising and exemplify the way in which ... string positions, s Next the combinatory
rule (19) applies, to unify the argument term of the
function with the real argument, binding the remain-
ing positional variables including the distinguished ... claimed elsewhere to constrain the combinatory
rules of composition and type raising in such a way as to
make certain linguistic universals concerning word order
under coordination follow immediately....
... straightforwardly meaningful rule; meaning arises from interpretation. In
the nineteenth century, interpretation was not an effect of pure doctrine but of
an increasingly powerful administration of interpretation. ... population in Hawwara, 1895 | 140
Landholdings in the 1895 tax register | 141 The pattern of
field holdings in 1895 | 143 Land allotment in 1933 | 149
10 Registration and political economy in two ... government in the
nineteenth century; rather, it became increasingly bound up with administrative
formalization.
In this study we examine the forms of registration and cross-referencing of
persons and...
... Selection and Paraphrase in a
Meaning-Text Generation Model. In C. L. Paris,
W. R. Swartout, and W. C. Mann, editors, Natu-
ral Language Generation in Artificial Intelligence
and Computational Linguistics, ... ways of expressing
the same message. Linguists interested in style, as,
for instance, Crystal and Davy [1969], have analyzed
the relationships between situational parameters (in
2In NLG, collocation ... employed
by,
inter alia,
Smadja
and McKeown [1991] and Iordan-
skaja, Kittredge and Polgu~re [1991].
particular, different genres) and stylistic choice, and
work in artificial intelligence...
... a
best-selling genre in developed countries. It makes for exciting
reading, certainly more gripping and mind-expanding than many
of the turgid tomes of contemporary social science. And yet here in
South ... contained little or nothing that
had not been repeated time and again in the heady years since
1936. But since it carried the names of two Cabinet Ministers in the
new National Party government, and ... the worst of
apartheid-inspired material, but also of modernisation. Here
evolutionary thinking and findings need to find a place not only in
biology but also in history, and, it might be argued...
... professor in the Division of Public Administration at Northern Illinois
University. His research andteaching interests are in e-government and collaboration. His recent
works appear in the International ... sports gambling, social control, gender bias,
female criminality, and research ethics. She has a forthcoming book examining sports book-
making and gambling policy in the United States and is the ... ‘‘Describing and Measuring
Phenomena in Public Adm inistration’’ begins the section. Following the overview, Alana Northrop
and Shelly Arsneault describe ‘‘Sampling and Data Collection.’’ Detailed information...
... preprohepcidin,
prohepcidin and mature hepcidin.
Insert in pBT Insert in pTRG
Growth on
CTCK plates
a
Preprohepcidin a-1 Antitrypsin +++
Prohepcidin a-1 Antitrypsin +++
Hepcidin a-1 Antitrypsin )
a
Colony ... The
cultures were incubated at 30 °C overnight with shaking at
140 r.p.m. Recombinant pBT and cDNA containing pTRG
were isolated using a QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kit (Qiagen
Inc.) and transformed into BacterioMatch ... After
binding hepcidin, ferroportin is internalized, phosphor-
ylated, ubiquitinated and degraded by hepatocytes and
macrophages. [18,19]. The action of hepcidin is differ-
ent in intestinal cells:...
... up-regulated
in some cancer cell lines and to function as onco-
genic miRNAs by targeting the cyclin-dependent
kinase inhibitor p27
Kip1
[29–32]. These studies
strongly suggest that miR-221 and 222 are involved
in ... function in different biological pro-
cesses. Our findings provide new insights into the
MAPK signaling pathway.
Experimental procedures
Cell culture and transfection
PC12 cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s ... pathways, the
ERK1 ⁄ 2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways,
through AP-1 signaling [26]. AP-1 family proteins
are good candidates for mediating NGF-induced
miR-221 ⁄ 222 expression in PC12 cells.
A...