... words in chat text are anomalous to natural
language. Chat text comprises of ill-edited terms
and anomalous writing styles. We refer chat
terms to the anomalous words in chat text. The
dynamic ...
We are thus enlightened to make use of the pho-
netic mapping models, in stead of character map-
ping models, to design a normalization algorithm
to translate chat terms to their standard counter-
parts. ... Chinese Chat Text. EACL’06
NEW TEXT workshop, pp.48-55.
Xia, Y., K F. Wong and W. Li. 2006b. Constructing
A Chinese Chat Text Corpus with A Two-Stage
Incremental Annotation Approach. LREC’06....
... possibilities to perform epidemiological analyses or
base advice on systematically collected data. This motiva-
tion could potentially lead to 'justifying,' i.e., adjusting of
the score to fit to ... decision making connected to metritis treat-
ment and potential links to data quality. This understand-
ing provides insight into potential errors (bias and
random error) related to data based on clinical ... for
mandatory systematic data collection. This agreement
gives the farmer a more liberal access to antibiotics. The
intention behind this legislation probably was to moti-
vate the farmer to enhance...
... routine laboratory studies should be obtained as
well to monitor for signs of adverse effects due to the
drugs. Repeat HVC viral load should be repeated at week
12 of treatment to document EVR. ... document EVR. The decision to
continue treatment after week 12 would then be
determined based on individual response to treatment
(EVR), tolerance to the drugs, laboratory profiles, and the
pre-treatment ... heart
disease. Patients with autoimmune hepatitis or other
conditions known to be exacerbated by interferon and
ribavirin or known to have hypersensitivity to these drugs
should not receive...
... sensitive to LAM treatment [16].
4. Indications of HBV Treatment
Historically, levels of HBV DNA and ALT, and histological activity of liver biopsy have been used as the three main factors to
determine ... Levels
It is known that HBV is not directly pathogenic to hepatocytes and host immune response to HBV antigens expressed on the
infected hepatocytes is the principle determinants of the liver injury. ... practical clinical approachto
managing CHB. Highly sensitive PCR-based quantitation of HBV DNA
makes it possible to precisely determine pre-treatment HBV load and
monitor HBV DNA response...
... limitations of major approaches to teaching writing
2. 3.2.1 The product approach
Examples of the product approach show that the teacher provides models to which
learners are asked to underline or ... word
choice; how to use transition; how to write an essay; and how to use the checklist….). Each
lesson delivers one focused topic.
Step 2: Give learners a writing topic to read and identify ... kinds of a TOEFL essay?
3. How many parts of a TOEFL essay?
4. How to write a TOEFL essay? (The introduction/ the body/ the conclusion paragraph)
5. How to write a good paragraph? (Topic sentence/...
... work hard to earn money
to pay their children’s fee at school. They buy their son or daughter with good food; make a good
house where their children can come back to. Also parents want to choose ... of opportunities to access the academic world such
as they have the Internet that their parent didn’t use to it when they were young. They children can
learn from the Internet too. However, the ... will begin with career preparation. Many learners go to university or
college want to get a good job in the future. Therefore they tried to learn most subjects at school
meeting the demand...
... Thesis — A New Approachto Quantum Theory
was shown to provide the (instantaneous) Coulomb interaction of the
particles, while the transverse oscillators were equivalent to photons.
This approach, ... would have had to be, were the oscillator free, to produce
the actual final conditions at time T . Outside the time range 0 to T
the oscillator is, of course, simply a free oscillator.
These expressions ... put into Hamiltonian form, and conjugate
coordinates and momenta may be defined. These rules, leading to
Schr¨odinger’s equations, or Heisenberg’s matrix formulation are too
well known to require...
... aimed to help students:
- To understand authentic Business texts
- To use relevant Business language functions to business contacts
15
evaluated through text analysis of students’ work according to ... an experiment to apply the recommended
combined approachto teaching business letters.
Finally, though little it may seem to be, the study is expected to pay humble contribution to
the effective ... reviews and discussions regarding EFL writing approaches
are taken into consideration no focus is given to most appropriate and effective approach (es)
to teach writing business letters. The implications...
... functions of English
adjectives.
Chapter III is a study to a new approachto semantic and syntactic
functions of English adjectives.
Chapter IV is to make a contrastive analysis between English adjectives ...
much to offer not only to practical language but also to translation theory, the
description of particular language, language typology and the study of language
universals. In relation to bilingualism, ... rich are willing to donate tens of millions of dong to the
poor.
I m ’ eager for the fray.
Finally, clever adjectives, the kind of adjective refers to ability or an
attitude towards social relations...
... approach.
- To build up a system to manage a small soft, find interesting rules related
to customer routines. This soft used PHS algorithms and provided good
result.
Hash-Based Approachto ...
Hash-Based Approachto Data Mining
11
CHAPTER 2: Algorithms using hash-
based approachto find association
rules
Before going into the detail of algorithms, I’d like to give ... productions which are often bought together in the
sale will be put next to each other, so the customers would be easy to find and
remember which they intend to buy. With e-commerce, online transaction,...
... the bottom-up, decoding view of reading, rather than its
complement” .
Self Reflection
8
Top-downBottom-up
Bottom-up Top-down
An Interactive Approachto Teaching L2 Reading
From the Bottom-Up
Adapted ... = comprehension
Interactive Approach
Reader uses both bottom-up and top-down strategies simultaneously or alternately to comprehend the
text.
Example
Reader uses top-down strategies until he/she ...
skills to achieve comprehension.
Knowledge base + bottom-up strategies + top-down strategies = comprehension
Which model should be adopted?
The reader must be competent in both bottom-up and top-down...
... most common approachto literature in the EFL classroom is what Carter and Long
(1991) refer to as the ‘language-based approach . Such an approach enables learners to
access a text in a systematic ... discourse.
Approaches to Teaching Literature
Having decided that integrating literature into the EFL syllabus is beneficial to the learners’
linguistic development, we need to select an approach ... the text
and enabling learners to come to their own personal interpretation of the text. This is based
on the rationale for the personal growth model.
Conclusion
There are many benefits to...