... height values of thecytosolic and luminal sides. In addition, the theoreti-cal ratio of the total amount of amino acids on thecytosolic and luminal sides was calculated as 2.31 : 1(data not ... deduced amino acid identity) [1,3,4]. V-PPaserequires Mg2+ as a cofactor, and the binding of Mg2+Keywords atomic force microscopy; protontranslocation; tonoplast; vacuolarH+-pyrophosphatase; ... The volume of reconstituted V-PPase wasmeasured as 332.9 ± 46.9 nm3(n = 17). The Vprot of a V-PPase homodimer with a molecular mass of 145 kDa, calculated on the basis of the amino acidcomposition,...
... ultrasoft tapping-mode AFM was applied in combination with the choice of appropriate buffer forelectrostatic balancing of the AFM tip and thesubstrate. Electrostatically balanced tapping-modeAFM ... zig-zag (areas 1 and 2), disordered (area 3) and dimer (area 4) lattices. (B) Zig-zag lattice (area 2), square lattice (area 5) and dimers(area 6). (C) Zig-zag lattice (area 1) and dimers (area 6). ... different square-packing lattices (Fig. 6A, B). As seen in Fig. 6F, as compared to the zig-zag, 90° square-packing latticesrepresent a less packed configuration, indicating thatdense packing may induce...
... AFM imaging procedure has beendescribed elsewhere [14]. Images were acquired by MMSPM NanoScope III system (Veeco/Digital Instruments,Santa Barbara, CA, USA) operating in Tapping Mode in airFig. ... of genome regulation such as replication rate and timing,recombination and chromosome folding by modulatingthe local structure of DNA regions and the globaltopology of chromatin domains.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis ... Lyubchenko21Department of Life Science, Osaka Prefecture University College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Sakai, Japan;2Department of Microbiology, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA;3Department of...
... that LPS activated the p38mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), ERK1/2,phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3 kinase)/Akt, and NF-kappaB pathways in the process of D C maturation. PI3kinase/Akt ... PI3kinase/Akt signaling pathways are important in maintain-ing survival of L PS-stimulated DCs. Inhibiting p38MAPK prevented activation of the transcription factorATF-2 and CREB, and significantly ... Assaf-Vandecasteele H, Larangé A, Azouri H, Pallardy M: Metallic haptens induce differential phenotype of human dendritic cells through activation of mitogen-activated proteinkinase and NF-kappaB pathways....
... catalysts in different geometrical configurations as straight or helical shapes. The catalytic activity realizedwith a mixture of ferrocene and xylene (as carbonsource) was obtained by heating ... mechanical for-mula of contact area and the Sharvin’ s ballistic resis-tance model [20,21]. The functionalization of CNTswith gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is also investigated as a possible mean ... 2001,45(2):74-82[http://www.platinummetalsreview.com/pdf/pmr-v45-i2-074-082.pdf].doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-335Cite this article as: Dominiczak et al.: Evaluation of the nanotubeintrinsic resistance across the tip-carbon nanotube-metal substratejunction by AtomicForce Microscopy. Nanoscale Research Letters...
... thetip-surface interaction can change also AFM topogra-phy. Nevertheless the e ffect is not as pronounced as in thecaseofAFMphase.ItiswellknownthattheAFMphase contrast depends on such scanning parameters as ... solutionwhere it can reveal different protein conformatio ns thatare not detectable in air [8,12]. Combinat ion of advanced AFM regimes (including phase imaging andnanoshav ing) has shown that the FBS ... dissipation and change of the phasecontrast. Therefore, change of the tip by releasing andcapturing proteins from the surf ace changes the phasecontrast as shown in Figure 5. Different quality of...
... marking was done with the same way of assessment and then was analyzed in turn. The class with English songs in teaching process was called class A, the other was B. The same test design was ... types of knowledge involve in understanding language are not applied in any fixed order. They can be used in any order or even simultaneously, and they are all capable of interacting and influencing ... That was the reason why the author would like to conduct this research of using songs asa type of supplementary material in teaching listening skill in order to erase their prejudice against...
... important if other researchers are to be able to repeat a research programme: It is for this reason that researchers like Yin are especially adamant that a case database be created and maintained ... \allow repetition and re-evaluation of cases. Reliability is most important during the data collection phase, and involves the use of case study protocol as well as the case study database already ... the value of case study research programmes has been ruled out asa major threat because of inconsistencies in the application of the philosophical basis to the practical methodology, especially...