anatomy physiology of the auditory system
ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 1 pps
... of the complexity of many disorders of the auditory system the clinician must have a thorough understanding of the basic functions of the entire auditory system and the interactions between the ... function of the cochlea than of any other sensory organ C H A P T E R Anatomy of the Ear ABSTRACT 10 The ear consists of the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear The outer ear consists of the ... both anatomy and physiology of the ear and the nervous system The book also provides a comprehensive coverage of disorders of the auditory system emphasizing the interaction between pathologies of...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 2 ppsx
... at the entrance of the ear canal compared with the sound pressure that is measured in the place of the head The effect of the head on the sound at the entrance of the ear canal is related to the ... ratio between the effective area of the tympanic membrane and the area of the stapes footplate, but the lever ratio of the middle ear bones also contributes The ratio of areas of the BOX 2.2 SOUND ... remarkable in the light of the FIGURE 2.12 (A) Average displacements of the umbo, the head of the stapes and the lenticular process of the incus (B) The lever ratio at 124 dB SPL at the tympanic...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 4 potx
... between the classical and the non-classical auditory pathways While the ICC is a part of the classical ascending auditory system the ICX and the DC are parts of the non-classical auditory system The ... target of the classical pathways Another pathway from the IC to the primary cortex is via the posterior nucleus of the thalamus that sends axons to the AAF The neurons of the medial division of the ... repeated with the frequency of the vocal cords, i.e., the fundamental frequency of the vowel in question Chapter Physiology of the Auditory Nervous System The spectral selectivity of the basilar...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 6 pot
... difference between the latency of the N1 of the AP and that of the response from the intracranial portion of the auditory nerve is the travel time in the auditory nerve from the ear to the recording ... that gives the normal value of the latency of the respective component One of the consequences of only labeling the vertex positive peaks of the ABR has been that only the latency of these positive ... portion of the floor of the lateral recess is the (dorsal) surface of the dorsal cochlear nucleus and the rostral portion of the floor of the lateral recess is the dorsal surface of the ventral cochlear...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 7 pot
... standard error of the mean are shown as a function of the intensity of the noise The TTS was measured 20 s after the end of the exposure In this study the noise exposure consisted of a band of noise, ... reach the backside of the tympanic membrane, which reduces the difference between the intensity of the sound that is present on the two sides of the tympanic membrane The result is that the force ... also affects the way the manubrium of malleus vibrates because some of the suspension of the malleus is lost The effect on the hearing threshold depends not only on the size of the perforation...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 8 docx
... reaches the cochlear nucleus The growth of the amplitude of the reflex response is reduced in 242 Section III Disorders of the Auditory System and Their Pathophysiology FIGURE 9.27 The growth of the ... this view of flexibility of the function of the auditory system That injury and loss of cochlear hair cells can cause profound changes in the structure and function of the central auditory system ... Section III Disorders of the Auditory System and Their Pathophysiology 7.1 Disorders of the Brainstem Auditory Pathways Disorders that affect the brainstem nuclei of the auditory system and which...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 9 pdf
... of the generation of the tinnitus The injury from the tumor to the auditory nerve may over time have caused changes in neural 258 Section III Disorders of the Auditory System and Their Pathophysiology ... phonophobia) are some of the most diverse and complex disorders of the auditory system and their causes are often obscure Often it is not even possible to identify the anatomical location of the physiological ... from the auditory system and only the audiogram taken as a part of the preoperative testing done for patients to be operated for HFS revealed the involvement of the auditory nerve The fact that these...
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THE structure of the multiprogramming system
... proved the eon'eetness of the system with a rigor and explicitness that is unusual for the great majority of mathematical proofs A Survey of the System gtructure Storage Allocation In the classical ... in their homing position Each process blocked in the course of task execution relies on the other processes for removal of the barrier Essentially, the proof in question is a demonstration of the ... the value of the semaphore called "sem" by If the resulting value of the semaphore concerned is positive, the V-operation in question has no further effect; if, however, the resulting value of...
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Development of the Microfinance system in Russia
... 4.5 millions of individual entrepreneurs); 90 % of the total number of establishments; 44 % of GDP; 45 % of employment Sources of financing Business partners, relatives or other people ... stimulation of goods and services production and distribution, and also for a mutuality of start-up enterprises in the acquisition of getting profits and a capital accumulation experience Main tasks of ... of Microfinance to stimulate efficiency access to the financial resources; to create work places; to grow of tax proceeds; to create a credit history for the further development of SMEs...
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The Critique of the Morality System
... with the historical facets of his position, some with the philosophical, and some with both.4 What are the defining features of the morality system? At the end of Chapter 10 of Ethics and the Limits ... Kant, some of the most fundamental moral obligations concern the promotion of general ideals or ends such as our own perfection and the happiness of others The obligations of the morality system ... 66216 The Critique of the Morality System July 11, 2007 113 KANT AND THE MORALITY SYSTEM Now that we have a better idea of what Williams means by the morality system, ” what are we to make of his...
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an overview of the financial system
... An Overview of the Financial System • Primary function of the Financial System is financial Intermediation • The channeling of funds from households, firms and governments ... shortage of funds (borrowers) • Direct finance vs Indirect finance 2-2 An Overview of the Financial System II 2-3 Structure of Financial Markets I Debt Markets • Short-term (maturity < year) – the ... expertise and taking advantage of economies of scale 2- Function of Financial Intermediaries III Risk Sharing • Create and sell assets with low risk characteristics and then use the funds to buy assets...
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Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 12): Inhibitors of the RAA System ppt
... impair the pumping action of the heart, or when there is a threat of other complications The choice of drug is empirical If the desired effect is not achieved, another drug is tried Combinations of ... membranous sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR); c) Ca2+ bound to the inside of the plasmalemma The plasmalemma of cardiomyocytes extends into the cell interior in the form of tubular invaginations ... terms of their positive inotropic effect, !-sympathomimetics, unlike dopamine (p 114), are of little therapeutic use; they are also arrhythmogenic and the sensitivity of the !-receptor system...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Control of the coagulation system by serpins Getting by with a little help from glycosaminoglycans pptx
... the RCL of the serpin inserts into the major A b-sheet causing the protease to be rapidly translocated from the top to the bottom of the inhibitor [6] In the process, the structure of the protease ... polymers of serpins, where the insertion of another molecule’s RCL takes place [8] Both of these result in the irreversible inactivation (generally) of the serpins, and, in the case of the anticoagulant ... ‘crushed’ against the bottom of the inhibitor [7] In particular, this deformation of the protease affects the geometry of the catalytic triad, preventing the completion of catalysis beyond the acyl intermediate...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "The Second Release of the RASP System" pdf
... account both of the probability of derivations yielding a specific relation and of the proportion of such derivations in the forest produced by the parser A weighted set of GRs from the parse forest ... general) level in the hierarchy The micro-averaged precision, recall and F1 score are calculated from the counts for all relations in the hierarchy The macroaveraged scores are the mean of the individual ... to some extent tune the parser to different genres without the need for retraining The current version of the grammar finds at least one parse rooted in S for about 85% of the Susanne corpus (used...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo Y học: Presence and regulation of the endocannabinoid system in human dendritic cells potx
... marrow stem cells, are the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the immune system They play a central role in the initiation of primary immune response and in the enhancement of secondary immune ... the RNA content and cDNA synthesis in the different preparations Furthermore, the PCR primers for glyceraldehyde3-phosphate dehydrogenase and FAAH were selected on the basis of the sequence of ... one of the enzymes mostly involved in endocannabinoid inactivation The heterogeneous distribution of CB2 receptors among cells of the immune system suggests that these receptors might exert their...
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Aging of the Respiratory System: Impact on Pulmonary Function Tests and Adaptation to Exertion pdf
... recoil of the lung (Fig 2) [9] The kyphotic curvature of the spine and the anteroposterior diameter of the chest increase with aging, thereby decreasing the curvature of the diaphragm and thus its ... Conversely, there is a progressive decrease in vital capacity to approximately 75% of best values Because of the increased stiffness of the chest wall, the age-related diminished elastic recoil of the ... intercept) and a decrease in the surface area of airspace wall per unit of lung volume beginning in the third decade of life The decrease in surface area of airspace wall per unit of lung volume approximately...
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PROTOCOL ON THE STATUTE OF THE EUROPEAN SYSTEM OF CENTRAL BANKS AND OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK pdf
... months of the publication of the decision or of its notification to the plaintiff or, in the absence thereof, of the day on which it came to the knowledge of the latter, as the case may be 14.3 The ... 17 of the Act concerning the conditions of Accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of ... equal to the sum of: — 50% of the share of its respective Member State in the population of the Community in the penultimate year preceding the establishment of the ESCB; — 50% of the share of its...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Unique features of the hemoglobin system of the Antarctic notothenioid fish Gobionotothen gibberifrons ppt
... and C mawsoni) However, the lack of a clear relationship with the Hb sequences of other nototheniid species suggests that in this case the evolution of the oxygen-transport system has occurred in ... species of the family Nototheniidae have one major and one minor Hb (Hb and Hb 2, 95% and 5% of the total, respectively) [2, 4,14] The two Hbs have the b-chain in common, with the exception of those ... cancels the contribution of the N-terminus to the Bohr effect These substitutions are also found in the two Hbs of G gibberifrons, characterized by the Bohr and Root effects However, these Hbs...
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Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development docx
... On the basis of classical theories of immune surveillance and more recent awareness of the tumour-promoting properties of innate immune cells, researchers are now investigating the efficacy of ... transplants is increased when there is a previous history of alcohol and tobacco use66,67 On the other hand, the RR for the most common non-viral-associated solid tumours of epithelial origin is decreased ... S1 (table)) These studies, together with the identification of tumour-associated antigens, have in part fuelled the development of antitumour immunotherapy approaches 68 Although these approaches...
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The origin and evolution of the solar system woolfson
... Newton the basic structure of the solar system and the laws that govern the motions of the bodies within it have been well understood One central body, the Sun, containing most of the mass of the system ... for the origin of the solar system and their strengths and weaknesses are analysed The only theory to essay a complete picture of the origin and evolution of the solar system is the Capture Theory ... in gure 1.2 The rst of these is the longitude of the ascending node, ê, which is the angle between the ascending node and the rst point of Aires The second angle is the argument of the perihelion,...
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