... orgenomic deletion of the CCR1 gene [22], reduces clinicaldisease. Taken together, the results of the present study and from previous ones on the role of CCR1 and its ligandCCL3 in the pathogenesis ... chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5 are critical for the recruitment of mononuclearphagocytes to thecentralnervoussystem (CNS) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neuroinflammatory diseases.Mononuclear ... crucialfor the understanding of therapeutic modulation andthe validation of CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5 as feasible targets fortherapeutic intervention in MS.BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most...
... Constitutive NOSs are mostimportant in the initial generation of NO in the central nervoussystem (CNS), and therefore NO is important forintracellular signaling and neurotransmission [1, 11]. Besidesits ... hematoxylin. MagnificationA and B, ì66. C and D, ì132. Immunohistochmical study of nitric oxide synthase in thecentralnervoussystem of goat 79Enhanced expression of nNOS and iNOS in L.monocytogenes-infected ... endothelial NOS (eNOS), and inducibleNOS (iNOS) [13]. In thecentralnervoussystem tissues, allmajor NOS isoforms are either constitutively expressed orinduced by the appropriate stimuli...
... wrote the initial draft. WY drew the pictures. WZ revised the draft. SLdescribed the MRI features. GL provided the pathological diagnosis. TJ was the surgeon and gave the final approval of the ... of thecentralnervous system: initial and follow-up MR features. Neuroradiology 2009, 51:651-659. 12. Ay H, Sahin G, Saatci I, Söylemezoğlu F, Saribaş O: Primary Angiitis of the CentralNervous ... Vasculitis of thenervous system. Curr Opin Neurol 2004,17:317-336.16. Calabrese LH, Furlan AJ, Gragg LA, Ropos TJ: Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnostic criteria and clinical...
... cen-tral nervoussystem to support the PHM activity and that it predates the emergence of Plathelminthes in the evolutionary history.AbbreviationsAsA, ascorbic acid; CNS, centralnervous system; ... the emer-gence of the Plathelminthes in the evolutionary his-tory. The eye of the planarian is one of the most ancestral and primitive types of visual systems in animals and isof particular ... of the simplest animal groups with a central nervous system. Their primitive centralnervoussystem produces large quantitiesof a variety of neuropeptides, of which many are amidated at theirC...
... in the striatum, in the limbic zones of the cerebral cortex, and in other major regions of the limbic system except the hippocampus (seeHökfelt, et al. , 1976, 1977). At the cellular level, the ... (D2S) and D2long (D2L), the D3, andthe D4 receptors (seeGrandy and Civelli, 1992; Gingrich and Caron, 1993; Civelli, 1994). The D1 and D5 receptors activate adenylyl cyclase. The D2 ... of the anesthetic agent in inspired gas, (2) pulmonary ventilation delivering the anesthetic to the lungs, (3) transfer of the gas from the alveoli to the blood flowing through the lungs, and...
... combinations ofchemotherapy and cranial radiation. The excellentcorrelation of the in vitro and in vivo results of Noble and colleagues’ study [1] raises the hope that the techniqueused might ... G:Abnormal CT scans of the brain in asymptomatic childrenwith acute lymphocytic leukemia after prophylactic treat-ment of thecentralnervoussystem with radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy. N Engl ... necessitating eitherbone marrow transplantation or peripheral stem cell supportto boost the immune system, and either no craniospinalradiation or focused radiation to the tumor bed. The increased...
... there was a 2.5-fold increase in apoptosis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and a 4-fold increase in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (DG). The increased celldeath persisted in the SVZ and ... interaural AP +2.5 mm and AP +1.1 mm. BrdU+cells were counted in the area of the dentate gyrus, including the hilus, subgranular zone and the granule cell layer and analyzed as for the SVZ.Quantitative ... 0.001), andthe interaction of treatment and time is very significant (p < 0.01); ((bb))in the CC, both the treatment effect and time effectare extremely significant (p < 0.001), and the...
... also found that the agents causedincreased cell death and decreased cell division in the subventricular zone, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the corpus callosum in mice. These effects ... hippocampus andthe corpus callosum),primarily in progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes. Todetermine whether these findings resulted in functionalimpairment, they investigated the auditory ... understanding of the mechanisms ofacute and, importantly, progressive and delayed injury to the brain from clinically relevant short-term exposure to awidely used chemotherapy agent. Furthermore,...
... system. We study the effects and interactions of negatively charged goldnanoparticles (nAuNPs) with the cockroaches CNSin vivo. The authors refer to thenervoussystem as the brain andthe nerve cord ... vibration and changes in weather affect the activ-ity of both g roups. The effects of these variables arediminished by presenting the activity ratio of the treatedto the untreated group. Although the ... nters the biological system, the response of the immune system is to block further damage by encapsu-lating the object. This response has been readily found and studied in insects [27,28]. The...
... hours,while the ketamine metabolite half-life is two and a halfhours. Gabapentin is eliminated from the systemic cir-culation by renal excretion. Ketamine is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the ... Bejnarowicz and Bruce A SchoneboomAbstractIntroduction: The drugs gabapentin and ketamine are used frequently in the peri-operative setting. There is poordocumentation whether or not gabapentin and ... Unfortunately, however, there is littledocumented evidence to suggest that gabapentin and ketamine interact to additively or synergistically depress the centralnervoussystem (CNS) and/ or have respira-tory-depressant...
... Barnholtz-Sloan, Andrew E. Sloan, and Ann G. Schwartz Chapter 25Cancer of the Brain and Other CentralNervous System Chapter 25 Cancer of the Brain andNervous System National Cancer Institute ... in the United States: a study of the Brain Tumor Section of the AANS andthe CNS andthe Commission on Cancer of the ACS. Clin Neurosurg 1990;36:347-52. 12. Gurney JG, Smith MA, Bunin GR. Chapter ... IVUnknownFigure 25.8: Other CentralNervousSystem Cancer: Relative Survival Rates by Grade, Ages 20+, 12 SEER Areas, 1988-2001Table 25.8: Cancer of the Other CentralNervousSystem Cancer: 1-,...