... binary toxins (Iota toxin, C2 toxin, C difficile transferase, C spiroforme toxin, respectively), and to a lesser extent to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (the binding component of anthrax toxins), ... aerolysin, epsilon toxin and binding components of anthrax toxins (PA) or Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin (C2-II) The pore- forming domain b strands in aerolysin and epsilon toxin are in red 4608 ... in the pore structure of ETX and other heptameric b -pore- forming toxins like aerolysin Domain is also a b-sandwich analogous to domain of aerolysin and contains the cleavage site for toxin activation...
... diphtheria and anthrax toxins, as well as the less wellknown a-hemolysin and equinatoxin II [11–16] An important objective is to provide an effective inhibitor of these virulence factors, and naturally ... oligomerization and pore formation [6] Pore- forming toxins are essentially naturally occurring biological weapons produced by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and include well-known toxins such as ... recombinant pore- formingtoxin may be used as a biotherapeutic agent [30–32] The novel approach of using pore- forming toxins for the treatment of solid tumors, which have proven to be quite resistant...
... (1996) Anticoagulant activity of Triatoma infestans and Panstrongylus megistus saliva (Hemiptera ⁄ Triatominae) Acta Trop 61, 255–261 Amino R, Tanaka AS & Schenkman S (2001) Triapsin, an unusual ... 1B, lane C) It was used to immunize rabbits, and the resulting immune serum specifically recognized the recombinant protein in immunoblots after SDS ⁄ PAGE and a 24 kDa band in the T infestans ... designing regulated antimicrobial compounds Experimental procedures Insects and cells T infestans (males and females) were maintained at room temperature and fed twice weekly on mice anesthetized with...
... The alpha-helix and the organization and gating of channels Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 31, 207–233 Verkman AS & Mitra AK (2000) Structure and function of aquaporin water channels Am J Physiol ... transport across the outer membrane of bacteria and are not involved in polypeptide transport [39] Analyzing the b-barrel-shaped polypeptide-transporting proteins using the ‘motif alignment and ... motif and two transmembrane b-strand segments exist (Fig 2, grey boxes above) This is in agreement with the analysis of the motif sequences facilitating hidden-Markov-model based methods (Fig 2E and...
... Parker, M., Andrew, P.W & Saibil, H.R (1999) Two structural transitions in membrane pore formation by pneumolysin, the pore- formingtoxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae Cell 97, 647–655 30 Zhang, D., ... in consonance with its survival and multiplication in animal guts and spare prokaryotic cells that lack cholesterol in their membrane ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We thank the Council of Scientific and Industrial ... of the transmembrane b-sheet from a prepore-intermediate J Biol Chem 276, 8261–8268 Walker, B., Braha, O., Cheley, S & Bayley, H (1995) An intermediate in the assembly of a pore- formingtoxin trapped...
... the other hand, homologues of prokaryotic and eukaryotic mechanosensitive channels were recently identified in A thaliana [57], and an existence of mechanosensing signalling also in plants has ... is fully in accordance with such an explanation These findings therefore provide a model of how a beneficial microorganism can protect its symbiotic plant counterpart from poreforming molecules ... gaegurin form pores in the membrane where peptide and membrane lipid headgroups are exposed to the inner of the pore [67] Besides, the presence of proteins in biological membranes adds another degree...
... a limited amount, the toxin was also purchased from Latoxan (LTx-003; Valance, France) together with the anti-mammalian a -toxin, Lqh2 Purification and analysis of Lqhb1 Toxin purification was carried ... subtypes may suggest that this toxin represents an ancient group of b-toxins that gave rise to the anti-insect depressant toxins in the ÔOld WorldÕ and to the b-toxins active on mammals in the ... Agricultural Research and Development grant IS-3259–01 (D G and M G.); by the Israeli Science Foundation, grants 508/00 (D G.) and 733/01 (M G.); and by an EU grant QLK3-CT-2000– 00204 (D G and M G.) References...
... Functional anatomy of scorpion toxins affecting sodium channels J Toxicol Toxin Rev 17, 131–159 Gordon, D (1997) Sodium channels as targets for neurotoxins In Toxins and Signal Transduction (Gutman, ... M.F., Mansuelle, P., Sampieri, F & Granier, C (1991) An anti-insect toxin purified from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector also acts on the a- and b-sites of the mammalian sodium channel: ... AaHIT4 and BmKAS, a specific anti-insect toxin, also contained a Tyr residue at this position AaHIT4, the unique anti-insect toxin also has a toxic effect on mammals and can acts on the a- and b-sites...
... sensory control of the entrance of the larynx is reduced and therefore saliva may pass the larynx and reach the trachea and the bronchus That leads to permanent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia ... Roggenkämper P Urban und Vogel, München; 2004:313-322 Riemann R, Pfenningsdorf S, Riemann E, Naumann M: Successful treatment of crocodile tears by injection of botulinum toxin into lacrimal gland: a case ... on our expanded experiences literature, we prefer in our patients the ultra-sound-guided injection into the parotid and submandibular gland on each side We inject into the parotid gland 22.5 units...
... change in the pore texture of the porous organic framework is observed A sequential development: the disappearance of the mesopores, followed by the micropores and eventually the narrow micropores ... porous carbon is an indication of its importance in material science Factors influencing the development of the pore characteristics (e.g porosity, pore size distribution, and types of pores) of porous ... around the manipulation of these factors Creative solutions such as surface modifications and nano-casting can further improve the pore characteristics of carbon These solutions enhances the properties...
... sấy 100-105oC, sau than đất hoạt tính hút vào thiết bị Tại hỗn hợp khuấy trộn thời gian 45 phút, ngừng cấp điện khuấy trộn, đưa hỗn hợp qua máy lọc để tách dầu khỏi đât than Tạo chân không type ... bọ dừa đề ổn định nguồn nguyên liệu cho ngành chế biến dừa Thông tin để doanh nghiệp đa dạng hoá sản phẩm từ dừa thời gian tới Biên tập: ÁI THÙY ... (8kg/cm2) tạo ổn định hệ thống thiết bị tẩy màu khử mùi, tạo cân nhiệt dây chuyền cho kết khả quan Việc áp dụng kết để mở rộng sản xuất thuận tiện KẾT LUẬN VÀ KIẾN NGHỊ: Kết luận: - Đã thiết kế...