... relevant to that problem We need the solution of this inverseproblem to distinguish the system of sets of lengths of the ring of integers of an algebraic number field with class group of the form ... to the direct problemof determining the Davenport constant the associated inverse problem, i.e., the problemof determining the structure of minimal zero-sum sequences over G of length D(G) ... Thus, the problemof characterizing the class group of M via the system of sets of lengths is reduced to the problemof characterizing G via L(B(G)) Recall that we write L(G) instead of L(B(G))...
... the problems, contradictions, and solutions in these patents into a theory of inventive problem solving which he named TRIZ 3.0 TRIZ: The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving There are a number of ... theory of TRIZ One of them is the Law of Increasing Ideality This means that technical systems evolve toward increasing degrees of ideality, where ideality is defined as the quotient of the sum of ... weight of stacking to human height without damage to cans or beverage in cans 3.1.2 Formulate the problem: the Prism of TRIZ Restate the problem in terms of physical contradictions Identify problems...
... regardless of the mismatch in the environmental conditions The inverseproblem in this sense refers to the process of modeling the mismatch in the form of a transformation and resolving it via an inverse ... of modeling the mismatch as an affine transformation Before getting into the details of the inverseproblem in robust speech processing, we would like to give a brief review of the mechanism of ... coefficients The cepstrum of the speech signal s(n) is defined as c(n) = π −π log S ej ω ej ωn dω 2π (27.3) It is simply the inverse Fourier transform of the logarithm of the magnitude of the Fourier transform...
... number of rows in CT is equal to the number of taps of the array and the number of ones in each row is equal to the number of sensors The optimal weight vector wopt will minimize the output power of ... using the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse, or pseudo -inverse, of A via (30.28) w † = A† b where A† and w † represent the pseudo -inverse of A and the pseudo -inverse solution for w, respectively ... consists of a number of sensors typically configured in a linear pattern that utilizes the spatial characteristics of signals to improve the reception of a desired signal and/or cancellation of undesired...
... Moore-Penrose (M-P) inverseof X If one or more of the eigenvalues of the matrix XT X is zero, then the Moore-Penrose inverse does not exist To investigate the behavior of the inverse, we will decompose ... 31.3.1 Matrix Formulation of the Equalization Problem The task of finding the optimum linear equalizer coefficients can be described by casting the problem into a system of linear equations, ... eigenvalue of XT XS S λmin = SR + O N −k (31.13) where SR is the continuous PSD of the received data xk , SR is the minimum value of the PSD, k is the number of non-vanishing derivatives of SR at...
... random distribution of sensors [22] The aim of the matched filter is to maximize the power of the output of the array for a source located at the focus and minimize the power of off-focus sources ... multipliers [18] This optimization problem can alternatively be posed as an inverseproblem 32.2.2 Constrained Adaptive Beamforming Formulated as an InverseProblem Using a similar cost function ... the inverseof the minimum phase transfer function But this technique still did not remove the reverberation contributed by the maximumphase part of the room response In [3], the inverseof the...
... wedging out of layer problem was properly solved 70 Fig 5.4c: Cross-section A-A’ through the top and bottom layer boundary after solving the wedging out of layer problem 5.5 Maps of thickness ... SurGe software there is an elevation model of mount Shasta in Northern California 74 Fig 5.7: Digital elevation model of mount Shasta in Northern California 5.8 Construction of model grid One of ... layer thickness maps and volume calculations One of the most important applications of SurGe in my profession are projects of geological models of underground gas storages (UGS) in the Czech Republic...
... the study of ovarian cancer was that against CA 12-5 Circulating concentrations of CA 12-5 are elevated in 80% of all cases of nonmucinous ovarian cancers but also in 60% of cases of pancreatic ... were ~580 000 females, 11% of the whole population, in this age group The number of girls aged 0–6 years of age was ~200 000, prepubertal schoolgirls of 7–10 years of age numbered ~130 000 and ... in 1–2% of sexually abused children and 50% to 60% of cases of genital warts in children reported in the literature appear to be the result of abuse (Schwarcz et al 1990) The high rate of HPV...
... inverse problem: recovering the evolution of a source term Inverse 2.1 2.2 2.3 Problems for Equations Problems for Equations of Hyperbolic Type Inverse problems for x-hyperbolic systems Inverse problems ... lattices Inverse 8.1 8.2 8.3 Problems for Equations of Second Order Cauchy problem for semilinear hyperbolic equations Two-point inverse problems for equations of hyperbolic type Two-point inverse problems ... solution of the direct problem (1.2.9) This approach leads the inverseproblemof a suitable type 28 Inverse Problems for Equations of Parabolic Type More a detailed exposition is based on the inverse...
... nature of this response depends on the s~:rucrure of the data base Co~lexir~ of The domain: i Iu each type of interaction the complexity of the interaction depends both on the nature of the interaction ... aware of situations that truly lead to some of the well krK~an prDblems about 'mutual knowledge' 5.2 As regards the knowledge of the data base itself (both structure and content), the system, of ... about the content of the data base) or intensional (i.e., about the structure of the data base) ~ Note that the extensional/inTensional distinction is from the point of view of the system The...
... at the University of Kansas.Scott: Brett, how you feel about the law ofinverse returns?Brett: Nonsense! I think that perhaps for a *gaijin* in the everyday work environment of a "sarariiman", ... awareness and sociability of yourself and those whom you come in contact with This is why I support the idea that the law ofinverse returns is not as it has been stated, " residents of Japan who learn ... feeling that people are offended Once in a small bar/restaurant in Iidabashi my (Japanese) friend and I got into a discussion of that day's sumo results in a very weird mix of Japanese and English...
... majority of interpretation problems are not significantly correlated with learning gain However, several types of problems appear to be particularly significant, and are all related to improper use of ... interpretation problems We discuss possible reasons for this below We investigated the effect of different types of interpretation errors using two criteria First, we checked whether the mean frequency of ... results and an analysis of correlations between different types of interpretation problems, learning gain and user satisfaction Finally, in Section we discuss the implications of our results for error...
... Courtesy of R.W Stack Figure Oedema on geranium leaf Courtesy of H.A Lamey Common Insects and Arthropod Pests of Houseplants Here are some of the most common insect and arthropod pests of houseplants, ... three more times in a different area of the pot This should help loosen and break the adhesive character of the side of the pot Then carefully grab the base of the plant and pull it loose Microwave ... Cultural Considerations Houseplant problems often arise when a new plant is brought into a home that previously was free of any problems We Americans enjoy giving houseplants Soil...
... Solution of the InverseProblem 1.6.1 Computing Probabilities We have set the inverseproblem as a problemof the conjunction of states of information Then, the solution of the inverseproblem ... general inverseproblem can then be set as a problemof ‘combining’ all of this information Using the point of view developed here, the solution ofinverse problems, and the analysis of uncertainty ... applies to any kind ofinverse problem, including linear as well as strongly nonlinear problems Except for very simple examples, the probabilistic formulation of the inverseproblem requires a...
... of numerical solution of nonlinear problems in discovering the analytic structure of the solution need hardly be emphasised; very often the numerical solution throws much light on what kind of ... exits on this section of the road, the time rate of change of the number of cars in the section [a, b] equals the number of cars per unit time entering at x = a minus the number of cars per unit time ... Equations of First Order 2.2 Quasilinear Partial Differential Equations of First Order 2.3 Reduction of ut + un ux + H(x, t, u) = 2.4 Initial Value Problem for ut + g(u)ux + λh(u) = 2.5 Initial Value Problem...