... Distributed Graph AlgorithmsforComputer Networks www.it-ebooks.info K Erciyes Computer Engineering Department Izmir University Uckuyular, Izmir, Turkey Series Editor A.J Sammes Centre for Forensic Computing ... each other; therefore, they have to rely on their neighbor nodes to communicate with the other nodes of the network K Erciyes, Distributed Graph AlgorithmsforComputer Networks, Computer Communications ... more comfortably For example, when and how to synchronize algorithms running on different computing nodes was one of the main difficulties In this sense, we have attempted to provide algorithms...
... Algorithms for Image Processing and Computer Vision Second Edition Algorithmsfor Image Processing and Computer Vision Second Edition J.R Parker Wiley Publishing, Inc Algorithms for Image ... World The Frequency Domain The Fourier Transform The Fast Fourier Transform The Inverse Fourier Transform Two-Dimensional Fourier Transforms Fourier Transforms in OpenCV Creating Artificial Blur The ... organization for an image Images in IplImage form can be converted into arrays of pixels, but IplImage also contains a lot of structural information about the image data, which can have many forms For...
... Algorithms and Networking forComputer Games Algorithms and Networking forComputer Games Jouni Smed Harri Hakonen University of Turku, ... namely, computer games 1.1 Anatomy of Computer Games Computer games are a subset of games To be more precise, let us define a computer game as a game that is carried out with the help of a computer ... deterministic algorithms? • Chapter – Tournaments: How we can form a tournament to decide a ranking for a set of contestants? • Chapter – Game Trees: How can we build a synthetic player for perfect information...
... Algorithms and Networking forComputer Games Algorithms and Networking forComputer Games Jouni Smed Harri Hakonen University of Turku, ... namely, computer games 1.1 Anatomy of Computer Games Computer games are a subset of games To be more precise, let us define a computer game as a game that is carried out with the help of a computer ... A.7 A.8 Reserved words foralgorithms Algorithmic conventions Mathematical functions Arithmetic operators Logical operators in text Logical operators in algorithms Set notations...
... deterministic algorithms? • Chapter – Tournaments: How we can form a tournament to decide a ranking for a set of contestants? • Chapter – Game Trees: How can we build a synthetic player for perfect information ... mainstream Nevertheless computer games are driven by computer programs propelled by algorithms and networking Let us see what they have in store for us Exercises 1-1 Take any simple computer game (e.g ... the computer acts as an ally, its behaviour must adjust to the human point of view For example, a computer- controlled reconnaissance officer should provide intelligence in a visually accessible format...
... 6: end for 7: for r ← ((lg n) − 1) For each round 8: |M | ← n/2r+1 Reserve space for the winners 9: for i ← (n/2r+1 − 1) For each match 10: Mi ← match(M2i , M2i+1 ) 11: end for 12: for all ... ranking information can be used, for instance, in game balancing (e.g adjusting point rewarding schemes, or testing synthetic players by making them engage in Algorithms and Networking forComputer ... +m 20: end for 21: x ← m 22: for i ← (c − 2) Middle horizontal 23: y←w 24: for j ← (c − 1) 25: Hx,y ← Displacement(H, x, y, −w, 0, +w, 0, 0, −w, 0, +w , d) 26: y ← y+m 27: end for 28: x...
... w, for a loser , for a tie t local: number of rounds t 1: R ← copy P 2: for all p ∈ R 3: score(p) ← 4: end for 5: if n is even then 6: t ← n − 7: else 8: t ← n 9: end if 10: for r ← (t − 1) ... else 9: |Q| ← h 10: end if 11: for i ← (h − 1) 12: Qi ← max{P2i , P2i+1 } 13: end for 14: return Parallel-Max(Q) 15: end if Reserve space for Q In parallel for each i 3-14 In a best-of-m match ... the root node has no ply Algorithms and Networking forComputer Games Jouni Smed and Harri Hakonen 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 74 GAME TREES Figure 4.1 Partial game tree for the first two moves...
... better the search algorithm will perform We can now compare two A* algorithms with respect to their informedness Algorithm A1 using function h1 is said to be more informed than algorithm A2 using ... proceeded far from the source vertex s For example, we can use a more precise heuristic for the nearby vertices and approximate the magnitude for the faraway ones For dynamic graphs (i.e the waypoints ... lookup, a grid should have a scheme for numbering the tiles For example, a square grid has rows and columns, which give a natural numbering for the tiles Devise schemes for triangular and hexagonal...
... property defined by the FSM For example, Figure 6.6(a) defines the states for a merchandise in an auction (ii) An FSM can be used as a transducer or an interpreter that transforms the input sequence ... the execution sequence for the ‘entry’, ‘do’, and ‘exit’ actions becomes too tedious to follow Strict information hiding and encapsulation result in a more understandable form of modularity • If ... fulfils the environment role for its sub-FSM The context role is important when we are defining an FSM Context realizes the interface for the software clients (and possibly for other users through...
... constant: set of hypothesis 1: for all M ∈ (℘ ( ) \ {∅, }) 2: m3 (M) ← 3: end for 4: m3 ( ) ← 5: M3 ← 6: e ← 7: for all M1 ∈ M1 For pairs of members between M1 and M2 8: for all M2 ∈ M2 9: M3 ← M1 ... Figure 7.5 Fuzzy operations for different attributes (a) The membership function for mobility (b) The membership function for strength (c) The membership function for the union of mobility and ... value for avoidance m(d ) ms 0.5 mo 0 s o d Figure 7.9 Membership functions for the reliability of sensory inputs: µs (d) for the reliability of visual input at the distance d, and µo (d) for the...
... node has uniform information, and to guarantee it we have to wait until everybody has received the information update before we can proceed Responsiveness means the delay that it takes for an update ... points for architecture realization and modification (e.g in a form of interfaces) For example, the relays can be implemented so that they not only forward messages but also serve as a backbone for ... if we want to Algorithms and Networking forComputer Games Jouni Smed and Harri Hakonen 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 184 COMPENSATING RESOURCE LIMITATIONS M H P T B Figure 9.1 Information principle...
... player’s computer 218 CHEATING PREVENTION Algorithm 10.2 Auxiliary methods for the lockstep protocol Send-All(m, R) in: message m; set of recipients R 1: for all r ∈ R 2: send m to r 3: end for Receive-All(S) ... words foralgorithms all and case copy div else end error for if mod not of or others repeat return then until while xor Let us take a closer look at the pseudo-code notation As in any other formal ... loop is called for do structure and it is used when the number of iteration cycles can be calculated before entering the loop body 1: for iteration statement 2: statement 3: end for The iteration...
... Conference on Computers and Games, Forthcoming in Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer-Verlag Smed J and Hakonen H 2005b Synthetic players: A quest for artificial intelligence in computer games ... of New Information Technology: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of Computer Ethics (eds Brey P, Grodzinsky F and Introna L), pp 261–267 Center for Telematics and Information ... 1998a Fundamental Algorithms, vol of The Art of Computer Programming, third edn Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA Knuth DE 1998b Seminumerical Algorithms, vol of The Art of Computer Programming,...
... and give detailed descriptions of two algorithms from each category 26.3 Transform Methods The Radon transform has an inverse, R −1 , defined as follows For a function p of and θ , R −1 p (r, ... Fourier transform is the same as taking the Radon transform and then applying the Fourier transform with respect to the first variable” [1] The method was first proposed in [5] and the reason for the ... z-transform can be implemented using three FFTs, see [7] Inverse transforming in the first variable — The inverse Fourier transform of G can now be estimated at the required points by taking, for...
... have learned for years, others for years and the rest has learnt for years In the department of information technology at our college, they engage in ESP course, it means English forComputer Science, ... challenges in learning reading ESP forcomputer science, the questionnaires were designed for students Then data were analyzed and the information was displayed in the form of tables III.4 Summary ... well as English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Now I find out that reading comprehension plays a very important role in learning English as a foreign language, especially English forcomputer science...
... combinations This is the basis for color television and color video display terminals (VDT) technology in general In order to produce millions of colors one needs only three primaries For example, the sensation ... list above) Y 1.6 COLOR DEFICIENCIES Approximately 8% of the male population (less for non-Caucasians than for Caucasians), and slightly less than 1% of the female population suffer from some ... simple rule-of-thumb for creating displays that are usable by color deficient viewers is to always code important distinctions in the image with a redundant luminance cue For example, a World-Wide...
... RGB-TO-GLHS transformation algorithm x 48 50 59 63 64 65 66 COLOR FORCOMPUTER GRAPHICS X 3.8 3.9 The GLHS-TO-RGB transformation algorithm MCMTRANS: Multiple Color Model Specification and Transformation ... Models Perceptually Uniform Systems Uniform Color Spaces (UCS) Summary and Notes V 3 12 17 22 27 29 31 31 33 33 35 36 40 41 44 C O L O R FOR C O M P U T E R Vi GRAPHICS COLOR IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS ... Constant GLHS hue and saturation curves for maximizer space Constant GLHS hue and saturation curves for hexcone GLHS hue plane for maximizer space GLHS hue plane for hexcone Constant Munsell hue and...
... attack computers for challenge, status or the thrill of obtaining access spies - attackers who attack computers for information to be used for political gain terrorists - attackers who attack computers ... disseminate information about computer security This information pertains to security events, as well as to the characteristics of computer and network systems themselves Unfortunately, much of this computer ... domain of access on a computer or network disclosure of information - dissemination of information to anyone who is not authorized to access that information corruption of information - unauthorized...