ageing and deterioration of materials in the environment application of multivariate data anal
Novel Materials in the Environment: The case of nanotechnology ppt
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 16:20
... ‘lightweighting’ of materials and the development of other novel materials with environmental benefits (e.g the development of ultra hydrophobic coatings to reduce the icing-up of wind turbine blades).34 ... between the emergence of products containing nanomaterials and the development of any associated environmental health information, and the subsequent lag in bringing this information to bear in policy ... understanding of the factors and processes affecting the fate and transport of ENPs in the environment; 3) the development and evaluation of more complex exposure assessment models; and 4) the development...
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Novel Materials in the Environment: The case of nanotechnology potx
Ngày tải lên :
28/06/2014, 21:20
... ‘lightweighting’ of materials and the development of other novel materials with environmental benefits (e.g the development of ultra hydrophobic coatings to reduce the icing-up of wind turbine blades).34 ... between the emergence of products containing nanomaterials and the development of any associated environmental health information, and the subsequent lag in bringing this information to bear in policy ... understanding of the factors and processes affecting the fate and transport of ENPs in the environment; 3) the development and evaluation of more complex exposure assessment models; and 4) the development...
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Hazardous Materials in the Hydrologic Environment: The Role of Research by the U.S. Geological Survey docx
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 01:20
... 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public The Institute ... become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and ... yet available The strength of the USGS has been in areas of geoscience: in collecting data that allow assessment of the quality of water, in gaining a fundamental understanding of what natural...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 1 pot
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... rapidly growing field of research The use of “emerging” is not intended to infer that the presence of these compounds in the environment is new These chemicals have been released into the environment ... they have been in production or, in the case of hormones and other endogenous compounds, since the rise of animal life What is emerging is the interest by the scientific and lay communities in ... present, the total number of compounds determined by the analytical methods used in these studies, the varying presence of interferences in the different media sampled, and the total number of studies...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 2 docx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... picture of the occurrence and fate of the contaminants in the environment In addition, the simultaneous determination of a large number of analytes by a single method represents a less time-consuming ... commonly on the basis of their consumption in the country where the study is being conducted, the rate of metabolism of drugs, the environmental occurrence, and persistence in the environment In this ... occurrence and fate of the contaminants in the environment examined In addition, the simultaneous determination of a large number of analytes by a single method represents a less time-consuming and...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 3 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... for drinking water, pond water, and well water.48 The binding of estrogens to an MIP developed to aid in the analysis of estrogens in natural waters was lower than the binding of estrogens in deionized ... imprinting.43 This technique involves using the analyte as a template molecule and creating specific interaction sites within a polymeric solid The selectivity of the sites depends on the interactions ... solvent and placed in an oven to increase the temperature Higher temperatures increase solubility of analytes in the solvent and decrease viscosity of the solvent, leading to better penetration in...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 4 potx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... within 10 days The degradation of the reference substances fulfilled the quality criteria set by the guidelines (i.e., the inoculum was viable and active) The elimination of organic carbon in the ... 24, 48, and 72 hours The pH value was measured at the beginning and at the end of the test For the study with dimeglumine gadopentetate and gadofosveset trisodium, an incubating apparatus (Abimed ... gives the inhibition [%] of the growth of Chlorella vulgaris after 72 hours exposure to gadobutrol on the basis of the biomass (integral) and the growth rate In order to illustrate the data on...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 5 pot
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... medicines in the soil environment, and it is timely to begin to further synthesize this information in order to provide a general understanding of the fate and transport of medicines in the soil environment ... be incorporated into the calculation The model calculated the concentration of the veterinary medicine in animal manure and then uses the nitrogen content of the manure and the maximum spreading ... the inputs of livestock medicines to the environment and synthesizes the available information on the fate and transport of veterinary pharmaceuticals in manure and soils Toward the end of this...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 6 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... erythromycin, roxithromycin, and salinomycin of 41 d, 130 d, and d, respectively, whereas no degradation of tiamulin was observed.51 The dissipation of tylosin was studied in anaerobic slurries of swine ... and mass spectrometry, are often plagued by positive or negative matrix effects, necessitating the use of internal standards or matrix-matched standards Finally, the use of sorption data in environmental ... pH where clindamycin is neutral and TC is predominantly anionic (+ or ) Infrared radiation (IR) analyses also showed that clindamycin decreased the intensity of the water absorption band, which...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 7 pot
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... understanding of the degradation and fate of veterinary antibiotics in soil is important because of widespread use of the compounds in livestock production in the United States, and the concurrent application ... were in the absence of exposure to tylosin or other antibiotics and may be explained by a natural level of resistance in the population Leaching of tylosin-resistant Enterococcus in the MT and ... leaching of tylosin in our study Finally, Saini et al (2003) found increased survival of an E coli strain when manure in which they were residing was incorporated into the soil Additionally, they...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 8 potx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... Comparing the three soils in the initial phase, it can be seen that the uptake is dependent on the availability of the antimicrobial in the soil which is best in the sandy soil D With the course of ... to the soil would be done via spiked sea sand at the beginning of the experiment Unfortunately, the high concentrations prevented the grass from growing A reduction in dose and in the number of ... mL of the spiking solution in acetone was mixed with 480 mL of urine (resulting in a 3.5% solution of acetone in urine) Application took place at a soil moisture of 75% of maximum water-holding...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 9 docx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... group of amino acids located in the N terminal domain of the polypeptide The C terminal domain contains the binding site for the hydrophobic substrate (H site) This region is much more variable in ... Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems Phytoremediation, the application of plants and their associated microbes to enhance biodegradation of contaminants in the ... quantified in the fruit of apple and pear trees by Chard and coworkers.13 On the other hand, our research demonstrates the involvement of the glutathione conjugation pathway in dechlorination of chlortetracycline...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 10 docx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... what does and does not work in remediating the presence of drugs in drinking water There is no question that subtherapeutic doses of these compounds are finding their way into the surface and groundwaters ... drinking water and that, for now, the levels found in that finished drinking water are most often close to the analytical limits of detection Nevertheless, there are insufficient occurrence data ... chlorine to form N-chloroamines that can further decompose The kinetics and mechanisms of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and three fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 11 docx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... identified as the main elimination processes for these contaminants in the lake water Loraine and Pettigrove reported the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal-care products in raw drinking water ... efficient because of the “magnetically” enhanced agglomeration of individual resin beads that yields resin settling against the rapidly rising water in the settler Since the MIEX resin used for benchscale ... Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems To date, the number and type of organic contaminants investigated are still limited considering the large pool of undetected...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 12 pot
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems chlorine conditions, confirming that the hydrazone side-chain is the reactive site and the quinoxaline N,N´-dioxide and ... the Chattahoochee River in Atlanta—near the intake of a regional drinking water treatment plant, and from Lake Zurich in Switzerland—at the intake of one of Zurich’s drinking water treatment plants ... 266 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems O– Reaction and Transformation of Antibacterial Agents with Aqueous Chlorine 267 of the aniline N and the other corresponding...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 13 pot
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... DHT.45 The primary pathway to inactivate testosterone and DHT is the oxidation of the 17-hydroxy group resulting in androstanedione and androstenedione.42 Furthermore, the reduction of the keto ... bile/feces in to days following intravenous injection, and only 3% of the dose was found in urine.31 13.5.4 DEGRADATION OF PROGESTERONE Data regarding progesterone degradation in the environment ... driving implementation of innovative manure treatment and other BMPs, but improved understanding of the effects of these systems on the environmental fate, potency, and biological effects of hormones...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 14 doc
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... ampicillin, novobiocin, penicillin, kanamycin, gentamicin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, tylosin, and tetracyclines over a wide range of inhibition (from to 100%) This rapid plateauing in the inhibition ... land application, only the antibiotics in the slurry may be predominantly introduced to the environment If the lagoon is mixed prior to land application, all antibiotics in the lagoon may, in ... activity in swine lagoon slurry in lab-scale microcosm experiments This work monitored the impacts of varying concentrations of sulfonamides, tetracycline, lincomycin, and tylosin on the production of...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 15 docx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... tetracycline Because of the high sorption of tetracycline in sludge, the influence of SRT on the sorption behavior of © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 356 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment ... Barcelo, D., Analysis and removal of emerging contaminants in wastewater and drinking water TrAC, Trends Anal Chem., 22, 685, 2003 30 Ashton, D., Hilton, M., and Thomas, K.V., Investigating the environmental ... 350 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems Residues of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals are introduced into the environment via a number of pathways...
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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 16 (end) pptx
Ngày tải lên :
18/06/2014, 16:20
... did find, however, that the elimination in the anoxic region of the biofilm reactor improved the removal efficiencies of clofibric acid and diclofenac to values between 60 and 80% of their initial ... of EE2/NADH removed by incubating EE2, NADH, and other components in the presence of an AMO-containing enzyme extract; the molar ratio of NADH/ EE2 determined during the incubation was 2.2, which ... LLC 380 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems 25 Martin, S.R Equilibrium and kinetic studies on the interaction of tetracyclines with calcium and magnesium...
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7Microbial Enzymes in the Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens and aEnzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology and Applications - Chapter 7PestsLeonid Chernin and Ilan ChetThe ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 15:20
... inhibited in all chitin-containing fungi The degree of inhibition was proportional to the level of chitin in the cell wall of the target fungus Combining the two enzymes resulted in a synergistic increase ... chitinase, and lipase (242) Both the fungus and the host insect have developed mechanisms involved in the host–parasitic interaction of these organisms; the insects release inhibitors against the ... completing its destruction Lectins, the sugar-binding proteins or glycoproteins of nonimmune origin, which agglutinate cells and are involved in interactions between the cell surface components and...
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