... direction ofthe electric field, which is induced by both the movement ofthe water andthe float Given independent knowledge ofthe Earth’s magnetic field andthe motion ofthe float from the acoustic ... data collection The same acoustic navigation system could be used to map the currents and their variability on the one hand, andthe movement of particular stocks of fish on the other, permitting ... space and time In the Lagrangian frame, the spatial information enters through the initial position of each and every particle The dependent Lagrangian Analysisand Prediction of Coastal and Ocean...
... Understanding the boundaries of consciousness is therefore ofthe highest clinical and ethical importance The new enterprise of ‘coma science’ is at the very forefront of this mission, andthe present ... chapter of their recent survey ofthe neurology of consciousness suggest that it can also survive the loss of introspection, attention, of spatial frames of reference andofthe sense of body ... and defend the preconditions ofthe argument or ‘‘paradigm’’ of death: that set of assumptions that frame theanalysis by clarifying the goal and boundaries oftheanalysis Agreement on these conditions...
... evaluation ofthe commonality between the site(s) of action of cocaine and some other structurally similar and dissimilar inhibitors ofthe striatal transporter for dopamine Journal ofNeurochemistry, ... importation of opium had seriously impaired the capacity of Chinese to work effectively for imperial powers.) About the time ofthe Civil War, the isolation of morphine, the wide availability of laudanum, ... laudanum, the invention ofthe syringe for parenteral injection, and later the introduction ofthe much faster acting heroin were the mileposts on the road from relatively benign opium smoking to the...
... Research & Therapy Vol No Matteson et al Bongartz T, Sutton AJ, Sweeting MJ, Buchan I, Matteson EL, Montori V: Anti-TNF antibody therapy in rheumatoid arthritis andthe risk of serious infections and ... Systemic review and meta -analysis of rare harmful effects in randomized controlled trials JAMA 2006, 295:2275-2286 Stern R, Wolfe F: Infliximab dose and clinical status: results of studies in 1642 ... hcp/hcp_PI.jsp] Lagakos SW: Time-to-event analyses for long-term treatments: The APPROVe trial N Engl J Med 2006, 355:113-117 Page of (page number not for citation purposes) ...
... not, the rest ofthe landmarks are used Also, there are other “especially relevant” landmarks: those alerting ofthe presence of stairs or lifts, since they indicate the ways for moving to another ... So the detection ofthe nameplate handles this limitation The system is able to read and understand the symbolic content ofthe landmarks This allows an exact “topological localization”, and ... restricts the applications ofthe algorithm And Learning Visual Landmarks for Mobile Robot Topological Navigation 27 there is also the problem of ensuring the absence ofthe object in the image...
... 2.1 shows the results ofthe on center bars andthe off-center bars Clearly, the mapping (cortical representation) produce results which is independent ofthe size and orientation ofthe bar It ... distinguishing it The maximum detection distance is function ofthe object size andthe camera optic focal distance On the other hand, if the object is too close to the camera, usually part of it will ... template-matching and etc.) suffer from the variance ofthe size andthe orientation of an object The retinotopic mapping model ofthe form-invariant shape recognition approach may help in recognition of two-dimensional...
... understand the effects ofthe log-mapping on the standard Cartesian operators is in terms ofthe metric tensor ofthe complex log domain As the coordinate transform is space-variant, so does the ... component I to zero the GDIM models boils down to the BCM In other words, the BCM assumption holds where the multiplier field m = andthe offset field c = The multiplier andthe offset field can ... can be seen as the superposition ofthe flow distribution ofthe translational flow and that ofthe constant angular flow These results show the importance of taking into account the radiometric...
... C is the intersection between the rotation axis ofthe front wheels andthe central line ofthe cart V A is the velocity of point A in frame c , m are the orientations ofthe cart andthe mobile ... where xc , y c and c 105 are the configuration ofthe cart, mc and I c are the is a Lagrange multiplier and c is the cart mass and inertia ofthe cart orientation As shown in Fig.3.2, The input forces ... on the nonholonomic cart The models ofthe mobile manipulator andthe cart are described in a unified frame The dynamics of a mobile manipulator comprised of a DOF PUMA-like robot arm and a DOF...
... is the true value ofthe length, and L is the estimate ofthe length in ˆ least square sense v(t ) is the true value ofthe linear velocity, v(t ) is the estimate ofthe linear velocity, the ... measurement ofthe acceleration andthe force applied to the cart can be recorded Second, the cart was turned left and right alternatively to obtain the sensory measurements ofthe position ofthe point ... point A andthe orientation ofthe cart The mass and length estimation are carried out on different carts of varying length and mass 3.5.1 Mass Estimation To estimate the mass ofthe cart, the regular...
... consists ofthe robot going towards a goal which is a visual target First of all, the robot moves the turret to center the target on the image and then the robot moves towards the target In the Go ... Goal skill, the robot must learn the mapping from the distance between the robot andthe goal (dist) andthe angle formed by them ( ), see figure 16, to angular and linear velocities The reinforcement ... is the input vector, c j is the center of each node and rbf the width ofthe activation function Next, the obtained activation values are normalized: in j ij nn i k k where nn is the number of...
... displacements of Efficient Incorporation of Optical Flow 191 contour points, break-ups and others The well-separated vertex locations ofthe polygonal model, on the other hand takes full advantageofthe ... are the result ofthe noise At the correction stage, on the other hand, the weight ofthe regularizer, i.e the arc length penalty, requires a significant increase This in turn leads to rounding and ... P is the state vector (here the coordinates of a set of vertices of a polygon), F and H are the nonlinear vector functions describing the system dynamics andthe output respectively, V and W...
... the image coordinate ofthe illuminated point, and b (baseline) is the distance between the focal point andthe laser along the Xc axis Notice that the figure corresponds to the top view ofthe ... points on the surface ofthe objects The camera captures the scene, andthe illuminated points in that image are extracted Given the image coordinates ofthe extracted illuminated points andthe positions ... a scene, and receives the laser that was reflected by a point in the scene The system computes the phase difference between the emitted andthe received laser beam Then, the depth ofthe point...
... normal andthe surface ofthe other data set Although the authors did not mention in their paper, theadvantageof their method is that the correspondence is less sensitive to noise and to outliers ... checks whether the distance between the point andthe surface of V2 is within the uncertainty ofthe range sensor The Surface Visibility Test (SVT), which tests the second condition, checks if the ... as that of a range image, and passes through the center of mass ofthe redundant surface region with the normal direction given by the average normal of all the points in the region All the points...
... between the parts ofthe body: the length of a limb, the mechanics of a joint, and so on The instantaneous configuration ofthe body is the pose The kinematic constraints define the space of valid ... Overview The laws of physics, the construction ofthe human skeleton, the layout ofthe musculature, the various levels of organization within the nervous system, the context of a task, and even ... between the light source direction andthe surface normal direction ofthe object point, α is the angle between the surface normal andthe bisector ofthe light source andthe viewing direction, and...
... example, the kinematics of a pendulum are described by the variable orientation ofthe hinge at the base, along with the parameters describing the mass ofthe weight andthe length ofthe shaft ... w3 } As above, these parameters represent the position ofthe center ofthe blob, the length ofthe fundamental axes defined by an iso-probability contour, andthe rotation of these axes away ... describe the static states of a system The state vector of a kinematic model consists ofthe model state, x, andthe model parameters, p, where The parameters, p are the unchanging qualities of the...
... the control signal applied to the system The lower plots in Figure 7.16 show the result of modeling the hand motion with a model of passive physics and a model ofthe active control The smoothed ... bottom-up 3-D blob tracker The individual gestures are hand-labeled at the top ofthe plot The plots show, from top to bottom, the X, Y and Z position ofthe left hand, right hand, and head Y is positive ... constrained by the laws of physics andthe structure of their control mechanisms, the system dynamics is an important source of context for the observer The lack of these constraints on the update...
... be able to reduce the uncertainty of other's pay-offs In practice, players inquire about their own payoffs explicitly The inquiry reducing the uncertainty of player2's pay-off ˆ B corresponds ... results, which were obtained by the original model andthe improved model The biggest difference between the original andthe improved models was that the approximatedpay-offfunctionfinvolved a probabilistic ... machine learning theory, it ( f ) represents the complexity term It is known that the regularizer can also express either the smoothness ofthe approximated function f given by The regularizer...