absorption scattering and thermal emission
Changes of temperature data for energy studies over time and their impact on energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The case of Athens and Thessaloniki – Greece
... demands is 28.5% and for Thessaloniki 13.2% Obviously, directly proportional to the energy demand for heating and cooling is the fuel (diesel oil) and electricity consumption and hence the CO2 emissions, ... indicator and the basis for calculations of heating and cooling energy demand [1] or for estimating bin data and heating and cooling degree-days at any base [2, 10, 11] Table shows the monthly and ... analysis, thermal and physical processes and equipment, internal combustion engines, utilization of renewable energy sources and de-pollution systems and technology for industrial and mobile...
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The effect of EGR rates on NOX and smoke emissions of an IDI diesel engine fuelled with Jatropha biodiesel blends
... and BTE Moreover, the BSFC and BSEC increased, using all test fuels, especially over 20% EGR • Smoke opacity, CO and CO2 emissions increased with increasing EGR rates On the other hand, NOX emission ... performance and emissions from neat and transesterified cotton seed oil Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 2009, 3, 190–197 Pereira R.G et al Exhaust emissions and electric ... of Energy and Environment (IJEE), Volume 2, Issue 3, 2011, pp.477-490 481 Results and discussion The results and discussion based on the effect of EGR rates on engine performance and emission...
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An experimental investigation of performance and exhaust emission of a diesel engine fuelled with Jatropha biodiesel and its blends
... consumption and thermal efficiency were calculated The emissions such as CO, HC, and NOx were measured using exhaust gas analyzer and smoke with smoke meter These performance and emission characteristics ... Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission with the BMEP NOx emission increased with the engine load The diesel fuel showed lowest NOx emission and the blending with JOME showed increased NOx emission Comparatively ... economic yield can be considered to range between 0.75 and 2.00 kg/plant and 4.00 and 6.00 MT per hectare per year depending on agro-climatic zone and agriculture practices One hectare of plantation...
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Tài liệu Air Pollution And GHG Emissions indicAtors for roAd trAnsPort And ElEctricity sEctors docx
... pollution and GHG emissions in the transport and energy sectors; • Assess and measure their trends and tendencies, based on a reference point; and • Support the setting of priorities and track ... Thailand, and Vietnam Summary results are presented in Table and Table 6, with focus on the availability and importance for assessing air pollution and GHG emissions from road transport and electricity ... List of Air Pollution and GHG Emissions Indicators and Input Parameters for Road Transport 14 Table 2: List of Air Pollution and GHG Emissions Indicators and Input Parameters...
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Tài liệu APICE: Common Mediterranean strategy and local practical Actions for the mitigation of Port, Industries and Cities Emissions pdf
... collected and analyzed in each study area, thus producing an extremely large and complete data base which will constitute a firm reference for any future study and/ or development Number, emission ... implications for policy and other users An important feature of the conference is that it brings together scientists and other stakeholders from the air pollution, climate change, policy and health communities ... Quality – Science and Application will be held in Athens, 19-23 March 2012 The conference is one of most prominent forums for discussing the latest scientific developments, applications and implications...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Simultaneous improvement of catalytic activity and thermal stability of tyrosine phenol-lyase by directed evolution ppt
... co-improvement in stability and activity For example, the T1 ⁄ values for AS4 and AS6 were 6.7 and 11.2 °C higher, respectively, and the catalytic activities were improved by 2.8- and 2.0-fold, respectively ... wild-type protein and two mutants, AS4 and AS7, were purified to homogeneity with purification yields of over 40%, and investigated for their stability and activity at temperatures between 40 and 80 °C ... stability and catalytic activity of S toebii TPL Materials and methods Materials Sodium pyruvate and PLP were obtained from Musashino Shoji (Tokyo, Japan) and Fluka (Seelze, Germany), respectively, and...
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Báo cáo Y học: Artocarpus hirsuta lectin Differential modes of chemical and thermal denaturation potx
... follow protein aggregation during GdnHCl and thermal denaturation Both excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 400 nm and the time dependent change in scattering intensity was followed Renaturation ... GdnHCl and heat The former unfolds and inactivates the protein, allowing it to fold back and reactivate to certain extent after removal of the reagent Thermal denaturation leads to unfolding and ... containing lectin and GdnHCl (10 times), partial reactivation of the lectin was observed The lectin treated with 3, 4, and M GdnHCl had 45, 13 and 7% activity, which increased to 75, 37, and 23%, respectively...
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Direct HFC and PFC Emissions from Use of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment pptx
... Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2005 2.2 Material Balance Method The Material Balance Method tracks emissions of HFCs and PFCs from equipment through a mass balance analysis Releases of HFCs and ... requires data from inventories, purchase and service records, and the full and proper charges of equipment It includes emissions from equipment operation, servicing, and dis posal The Simplified Material ... guidance document addresses HFC and PFC emissions from users of refrigeration and air con ditioning equipment including household refriger ation, domestic air conditioning and heat pumps, mobile air...
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Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CO2 Emissions potx
... energy use and CO2 emissions in the chemical and petrochemical, iron and steel, non-metallic minerals, pulp and paper and non ferrous metals industries and assesses key systems such as motors and recycling ... and CO2 Emission Reduction Potentials and Policies in the Cement Industry, – September 2006 and other experts provided useful information and comments, in particular Andy O’Hare (Portland Cement ... Technique and Best Practice 48 Data Issues 49 Practical Application of Energy and CO2 Emission Indicators 51 Pulp, Paper and Printing 51 Iron and Steel 52 Cement 52 Chemicals and Petrochemicals...
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synthesis, electrical measurement, and field emission properties of a-fe2o3 nanowires
... 0–1100 V and the emission current was measured using Keithley 2410 Results and Discussion Figure 1a and b shows the top view and cross-section view of the Fe-coated (50 nm) ITO glass after thermal ... and population density of the a-Fe2O3 NWs were studied for various Fe film thicknesses Samples A, B, C, and D represent the materials after the thermal oxidation of the 30 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, and ... a-Fe2O3 NWs, a-Fe2O3 film, and Fe film were present in stage I At this stage, for both samples I and II, short NWs (\100 nm) and long NWs ([500 nm) grew from the low and high degree defect regions...
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ultra-sharp a-fe2o3 nanoflakes growth mechanism and field-emission
... 245, 291, 408 and 499 cm−1 correspond to the α-Fe2 O3 phase [20], namely two A1g modes (225 and 499 cm−1 ) and three Eg modes (245, 291 and 408 cm−1 ) Those peaks locating at 552 and 671 cm−1 ... promising candidates as future field emission electron sources and displays (FEDs) REFERENCES FIGURE A schematic diagram of the formation and growth of α-Fe2 O3 nanoflakes FIGURE Typical field -emission ... [110] and the growth plane may be (110) where the oxygen is rich and Fe is deficient [13] Driven by the O-rich and Fe-deficient, at low temperatures (260 – 300 ◦ C), the diffusion of Fe atoms and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Influence of divalent cations on the structural thermostability and thermal inactivation kinetics of class II xylose isomerases pdf
... (1996) Protein purification, and cloning and characterization of the cDNA and gene for xylose isomerase of barley Eur J Biochem 237, 240–246 15 Vangrysperre W, Vandamme J, Vandekerckhove J, Debruyne ... site for Co2+ and Mn2+ [16] High and low affinity sites were also reported in class II XIs [19], and they are likely to be the same as in class I XIs, since the overall structure and the metal ... thermophilic class II XIs contain additional prolines and fewer thermally labile asparagine and glutamine residues [26,30] The crystal structures of class I and class II XIs show that these enzymes are...
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Carbon Tariffs: Impacts on Technology Choice, Regional Competitiveness, and Global Emissions pdf
... asymmetry and border adjustment Section develops the model and solves for equilibrium quantities, profits, and emissions Sections and explore technology choice, foreign entry, offshoring and resulting ... Technology Choice, Competitiveness and Emissions decisions without and with border adjustment, respectively, and analyzes the consequences for global emissions Implications and promising directions for ... cement under full cap -and- trade allowance auctioning While both Demailly and Quirion (2006) and Ponssard and David Drake: Carbon Tariffs: Technology Choice, Competitiveness and Emissions Walker (2008)...
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OPTICAL COATINGS AND THERMAL NOISE IN PRECISION MEASUREMENT pot
... thermal noise 73 s ballmer and k somiya Substrate thermal noise 93 s rowan and i martin Cryogenics 108 k numata and k yamamoto 10 11 Thermo-optic noise m evans and g ogin 129 Absorption and thermal ... limited to, (1) low absorption and scattering loss (see Chapters 10 and 11), (2) mechanical and environmental stability, (3) low thermal noise for some applications (see Chapter 4) Absorption loss ... K, αa , and αs for TiO2 versus annealing temperature Annealing time was 24 h (Wang and Chao, 1998) be found in Anderson et al (1997) for TiO2 , Anderson and Ottermann (1997) for SiO2 and Bange...
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cross plane electronic and thermal transport properties of p type la0.67sr0.33mno3 lamno3 perovskite oxide metal semiconductor superlattices
... phenomena in cross-plane thermal and electrical transport by suppressing the effects of parasitic electrical series resistance and the electronic contributions to the thermal conductivity The ... behavior with LSMO FWHM (0.027 ) and LMO FWHM (0.102 ) and (b) 110 RSM of a micronthick LSMO/LMO superlattice The LSMO and LMO peaks have a small degree of spread and show a consistent in-plane ... cross-plane room temperature thermal conductivities of epitaxial thin films of LSMO and LMO are 1.60 0.075 W/mÁK and 1.29 0.025 W/mÁK, respectively Moreover, the crossplane thermal conductivity of...
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electrical and thermal interface conductance of carbon nanotubes grown under dc bias voltage
... quality of the fit in the low-energy and high-energy tails of the D- and G-bands, respectively, is good The assignment of the peak components of the D- and G-bands is consistent with the works 19730 ... G-band reflects the degree of graphitization of carbon materials The effect of dc bias voltage on the IG/ID ratio and the FWHM are presented in Figure The line shapes of the G- and D-bands and ... bias voltage, the tangential bands were fitted with three Lorentzians at 1573, 1599, and 1625 cm-1 while the D-band was fitted with two Lorentzians at frequencies of 1181 and 1318 cm-1 In the case...
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nanosecond time resolution thermal emission measurement
... 1.6 m, having bandwidths of approximately 0.08 m, are used to distinguish spectral thermal emission signals Thermal emission is measured at four different wavelengths (1.2, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 m) to ... also includes the thermal emission from the sample Two measurements are taken at each wavelength and laser fluence, the first of thermal emission only (with the QH lamp off ) and the second of the ... lamp off ) and the second of the simultaneously recorded thermal emission and reflection The reflectivity is obtained by subtracting the thermal emission signal from the combined signal The room temperature...
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thermomechanical and thermal contact characteristics of bismuth telluride films electrodeposited on carbon nanotube arrays
... coefficients of thermal expansion for Si (2.6 Â 10À6 KÀ1 [10]) and Bi2Te3 (13.0 Â 10À6 KÀ1 [11]), the theoretical stress-free lateral displacement between the TE film and the substrate was calculated and ... tube furnace) After each thermal cycle, the films were visually analyzed for deposited directly on a silicon substrate and another grown on signs of cracks or peeling, and the observations are ... Bi2Te3 electrodeposited on and around the CNTs grown on the same metallized substrate Samples of both types were subjected to the same thermal cycle (ramp ¼ 600 8C hÀ1, and ultimately extended above...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Structural and thermal studies of silver nanoparticles and electrical transport study of their thin films" pdf
... levels in the band gap, which are localized and close to either the conduction or the valence band Since the energy difference between these levels and band edges is very small, a slight thermal excitation ... for a day in order to clean the surface and to enhance its hydrophilicity; and then rinsed many times with deionized water and dried in air The morphology and crystal structure of silver nanoparticles ... MA carried out the structural studies SAA and MSA performed the thermal studies MAMK and MA also involved in writing of the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing...
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