a structured language model
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Structured Language Model" ppt
... Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Workshop, 272-277. ARPA. Raymond Lau, Ronald Rosenfeld, and Salim Roukos. 1993. Trigger-based language models: a maximum entropy approach. In Proceedings ... University, Baltimore, MD. Frederick Jelinek, John Lafferty, David M. Mager- man, Robert Mercer, Adwait Ratnaparkhi, Salim Roukos. 1994. Decision Tree Parsing using a Hid- den Derivational Model. ... those assigned man- ually in the Penn Treebank (Marcus95) after under- going headword percolation and binarization. All four LMs predict a word wk and they were implemented using the Maximum...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Phonotactic Language Model for Spoken Language Identification" pptx
... NIST Language Recognition Evaluation database. 1 Introduction Spoken language and written language are similar in many ways. Therefore, much of the research in spoken language identification, ... Recognition Evaluation (LRE) data. The database was intended to establish a baseline of performance capability for language recognition of conversational tele-phone speech. The database contains recorded ... by a chan-nel noise. The n-gram language model has achieved equal amounts of success in both tasks, e.g. n-character slice for text categorization by lan-guage (Cavnar and Trenkle, 1994) and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Discriminative Language Model with Pseudo-Negative Samples" pptx
... that they have the dis-advantage of being computationally expensive, andnot all relevant features can be included. A discriminative language model (DLM) assigns a scoreto a sentence , measuring ... spe-cific applications and therefore were able to obtainreal negative examples easily. For example, Roark(2007) proposed a discriminative language model, inwhich a model is trained so that a correct ... June.Brian Roark, Murat Saraclar, and Michael Collins. 2007.Discriminative n-gram language modeling. computerspeech and language. Computer Speech and Lan-guage, 21(2):373–392.Roni Rosenfeld, Stanley...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Combining a Statistical Language Model with Logistic Regression to Predict the Lexical and Syntactic Difficulty of Texts for FFL" potx
... features, as described below: a statistical language model and a measure of tensedifficulty.4.1 The language model The lexical difficulty of a text is quite an elaboratephenomenon to parameterise. ... poems as outliers).4 Selection of lexical and syntacticvariablesAny text classification tasks require an object(here a text) to be parameterised into variables,whether qualitative or quantitative. ... Belgiumthomas.francois@uclouvain.beAbstractReading is known to be an essential taskin language learning, but finding the ap-propriate text for every learner is far fromeasy. In this context, automatic...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Large Scale Distributed Syntactic, Semantic and Lexical Language Model for Machine Translation" doc
... signif-icantly. Bear in mind that Charniak et al. (2003) in-tegrated Charniak’s language model with the syntax-based translation model Yamada and Knight pro-posed (2001) to rescore a tree-to-string ... Stochastic analysis of lexical andsemantic enhanced structural language model. The 8thInternational Colloquium on Grammatical Inference(ICGI), 97-111.K. Yamada and K. Knight. 2001. A syntax-based ... (EMNLP),858-867.E. Charniak. 2001. Immediate-head parsing for language models. The 39th Annual Conference on Associationof Computational Linguistics (ACL), 124-131.E. Charniak, K. Knight and K. Yamada. 2003....
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Discriminative Lexicon Adaptation for Improved Character Accuracy – A New Direction in Chinese Language Modeling" pptx
... parts randomly: 5K as the adaptation corpusand 5K as the testing set. We show the ASR char-acter accuracy results after lexicon adaptation bythe proposed approach in Table 3.LAICA-1 LAICA-2 A ... replaced by characters, we cantreat words as a means to enhance character recog-nition accuracy. Such arguments stand at least forChinese ASR since they evaluate on character errorrate and ... total path probability mass. This can beamended by involving the discriminative language model adaptation in the iteration, which results in a unified language model and lexicon adaptationframework....
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Smoothing a Tera-word Language Model" doc
... and Linda C. Bauman Peto. 1995. A hierarchical Dirichlet language model. Natural Lan-guage Engineering, 1(3):1–19.Y.W. Teh. 2006. A hierarchical Bayesian language model based on Pitman-Yor processes. ... n-grams:C(ab) − C(ab∗). A( ab) = max(1, K(C(ab) − C(ab∗))) A different K constant is chosen for each n-gramorder. Using this formulation as an interpolated 5-gram language model gives a cross ... Speech and Language. R. Kneser and H. Ney. 1995. Improved backing-off form-gram language modeling. In International Confer-ence on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.David J. C. Mackay and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Succinct N-gram Language Model" ppt
... com-pression tasks achieved a significant com-pression rate without any loss.1 IntroductionThere has been an increase in available N -gramdata and a large amount of web-scaled N-gramdata has been ... the ACL-IJCNLP 2009 Conference Short Papers, pages 341–344,Suntec, Singapore, 4 August 2009.c2009 ACL and AFNLP A Succinct N-gram Language Model Taro Watanabe Hajime Tsukada Hideki IsozakiNTT ... Communication Science Laboratories2-4 Hikaridai Seika-cho Soraku-gun Kyoto 619-0237 Japan{taro,tsukada,isozaki}@cslab.kecl.ntt.co.jpAbstractEfficient processing of tera-scale text datais an important...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "SIMULATING CHILDREN''''S NULL SUBJECTS: A NEARLY LANGUAGE GENERATION MODEL" ppt
... Universal Grammar and American Sign Language: Setting the Null Argument Parameters. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. MacWhinney, B., & Snow, C. (1985). The Child Language Data Exchange ... form a 'maximal' phrase or XP. Lexical items are inserted as soon as the appropriate X ° heads (or XPs, for pro-forms) become available. Each time a structural unit is built, and each ... while leaving the NPL and NPI parameters set at the default (negative) values. FELICITY can also be used to address theories pertaining to other aspects of language acquisition that appear slightly...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Scalable Probabilistic Classifier for Language Modeling" pdf
... Ducharme, P. Vincent, and C. Jauvin. 2003. A Neural Probabilistic Language Model. Journal ofMachine Learning Research, 3:1137–1155. A. Berger, V. Della Pietra, and S. Della Pietra. 1996. A Maximum ... Discrimi-native n-gram Language Modeling. Computer, Speechand Language, 21:373–392.R. Rosenfeld. 1994. Adaptive Statistical Language Mod-elling: A Maximum Entropy Approach. Ph.D. thesis,Carnegie ... Rosenfeld. 1996. A Maximum Entropy Approach toAdaptive Statistical Language Modeling. Computer,Speech and Language, 10:187–228. A. Stolcke. 2002. SRILM – An Extensible Language Modeling Toolkit....
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Preference-first Language Processor Integrating the Unification Grammar and Markov Language Model for Speech Recognition-ApplicationS" potx
... Lee, L. S. et al. (1990). A Mandarin Dictation Machine Based Upon A Hierarchical Recognition Approach and Chinese Natural Language Analysis, IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, ... unification granunar and Markov language model are integrated in a word lattice parsing algorithm based on an augmented chart, and the island-driven parsing concept is combined with various ... correct rate of recognition can be as high as 98.3%. This indicates that the language processor based on the integration of the unification grammar and the Markov language model can in fact be...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Flexible POS Tagger Using an Automatically Acquired Language Model" potx
... Information Retrieval and Filtering: An Empirical Basis for Grammatical Rules. Information Processing & Management, May. M. Magerman. 1996 Learning Grammatical Struc- ture Using Statistical ... Programs for Machine Learning. San Mateo, CA. Morgan Kaufmann. 3. Richards, D. Landgrebe and P. Swain. 1981 On the accuracy of pixel relaxation labelling. IEEE Transactions on System, Man and Cybernetics. ... All this makes that the performance cannot reach 100%, and that an accurate analysis of the noise in WS3 corpus should be performed to estimate the actual upper bound that a tagger can achieve...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A NATUWAL LANGUAGE INTERFACE USING A WORLD MODEL" pdf
... Ginsparg, J. M., A Robust Portable Natural Language Data Base Interface, Proc. Conf. Applied Natural Language Processing, 1983, pp.25-30. Grosz, B. J., TEAM: A Transportable Natural- Language ... A slot represents a relationship to another class using a $class facet and mapping information to the database schema using a Sstorage facet. The value of a Sstorage facet denotes the class ... have an attribute relationship. The phrase 'commodity A& apos; can modify the phrase 'to sell' both semantically and (Geneva) (commodity A) (to sell) (retailer) (name) S(Sales)...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Applying a Grammar-based Language Model to a Simplified Broadcast-News Transcription Task" ppt
... linguistically motivated grammar (a hand-crafted Head-driven Phrase StructureGrammar) and a statistical model estimatingthe probability of a parse tree. The language model is applied by means of an N-best ... create an artificial recognition taskwith manageable complexity. Our primary aim wasto design a task which allows us to investigate theproperties of our grammar-based approach and tocompare ... prac-tice, but they have no theoretical justification. Ourgrammar-based language model is incorporated intothe above expression as an additional probabilityPgr am(W ), weighted by a parameter...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A New String-to-Dependency Machine Translation Algorithm with a Target Dependency Language Model" pot
... International Conference on Acoustics,Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP).E. Charniak, K. Knight, and K. Yamada. 2003. Syntax-based language models for statistical machine transla-tion. ... up.cat(D a red apple)= LA(cat(D a ), LA(cat(Dred), cat(Dapple)))= LA(LC(cat(D a ), cat(Dred)), cat(Dapple))Based on Theorem 2, it follows that combinatoryoperation of categories has ... Meeting ofthe Association for Computational Linguistics.D. Marcu, W. Wang, A. Echihabi, and K. Knight. 2006.SPMT: Statistical machine translation with syntacti-fied target language phraases. In...
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- combining a statistical language model
- a markov language learning model
- a pylonic decisiontree language model
- a stochastic language model using dependency
- a phonotactic language model
- a discriminative language model
- smoothing a teraword language model
- applying a grammarbased language model
- a structured model language for large continuous systems
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