... training data and testing data are balanced The assumption of total accuracy gives equal weight to each class in the data However, neither assumption is valid anymore in imbalanced data In an ... Chapter 1.2.4 IMBALANCE RATIO A central concept in imbalanced data learning is the imbalance ratio We define imbalance ratio as the percentage of minority samples among the total sample space ... 1-1 a balanced dataset example Head Injury Data - an Imbalanced Dataset Number of Patients 2000 1500 Severe 1000 Mild 500 Head Injury Severity Figure 1-2 an imbalanced dataset example Class distribution...
... language-pairs, one issue is that matching syntactic analysis can not always guarantee a good translation, and violating syntactic structure does not always induce a bad translation Marton and ... Phrase-based Decoding for Statistical Machine Translation In Proceedings of ACL David Chiang 2005 A Hierarchical Phrase-based Model for Statistical Machine Translation In Proceedings of ACL, pages ... estimates a probability that a source span is to be translated as a unit within particular syntactic contexts If a source span can be translated as a unit, the feature will give a higher probability...
... 3:e334 10 Kobayashi K, Ogura M, Yamaguchi H, Yoshida K, Ogasawara N, Tanaka T, Fujita Y: Comprehensive DNA microarray analysis of Bacillus subtilis twocomponent regulatory systems J Bacteriol 2001, ... Systematic mapping of two component response regulators to gene targets in amodel sulfate reducing bacterium Lara Rajeev, Eric G Luning, Paramvir S Dehal, Morgan N Price, Adam P Arkin and Aindrila ... Regulation through sRNAs The RR DVU0679 has as its target a small RNA that lies downstream of the RR gene (Figure 4) and that has been annotated as Dv_sRNA2 (Bender, unpublished data) Tiling array...
... Education Standards for educational and psychological testing Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association; 1999 30 American Psychological Association., American Educational Research ... Research Association., National Council on Measurement in Education., American Psychological Association Standards for educational & psychological tests Standards for educational and psychological ... requires additional technical analysis as well as a body of evidence about the meaning and behavior of each scale acquired through widespread use with groups There are also steps that can be taken...
... of main components: 1) brand loyalty, 2) brand awareness, 3) perceived quality, 4) brand associations (which are driven by brand 11 identity: the brand as a product, the brand as an organization, ... Original Model of Customer–Based Brand Equity Rational associations Brand evaluations Product quality Service quality Rational Evaluation Price Customer-Brand Relationship Promise Emotional Evaluation ... relation with only either rational evaluation or emotional evaluation The different weights of the relationships between brand associations and brand evaluations, and between brand evaluations and...
... attempt the transmission after a random delay The data block will be dropped after the maximum count of attempts is reached The block based transmission mode used by C-MAC has two key advantages ... B-MAC as it leads to the lowest transmission delay Nevertheless, the average delay of all links under B-MAC is significantly longer than that of C-MAC as B-MAC only allows one link to transmit at ... sense, ACK and random backoff in the MAC implementation To investigate the spatial impact, we carry out experiments in four different environments: an office, a corridor, a grass field and an open parking...
... implemented by all Member States in a harmonised way and has become the innovation statistics instrument of the Community and amodel for non-Member States such as Canada and Australia At present, ... schemes at regional and national levels through coordination for the benchmarking of national policies and for spreading good practice A regularly updated European innovation scoreboard will draw attention ... should act as a catalyst and contribute to enhancing the activities of Member States The targets are to: – Examine and benchmark innovation policies and performances of Member States, and compare...
... such as model analyzers, model comparators Modeling Paradigms There are modeling languages that are particularly appropriate for (or the same) problem domains, such as those that analyze or compare ... implementation can then be reached automatically and rapidly As already stated, the basic precondition for this is a highly abstract, but formal and executable modeling language, as well as a design ... (event==resume) state = prevState; break; } (b) Figure 1-3: Abstract vs low-level modeling and visual vs textual modeling languages (a) Amodel in a highly abstract, visual language (b) Amodel in a low-level,...
... neural correlates of preference and beauty, two variables that have affective and cognitive components The areas activated by Vartanian and Goel (2004b) may have highlighted those cOrlical structures ... processing along all five stages of the model The results indicate that evaluating a stimulus as beautiful was asSOCIated WIth mcreased activation in the orbital frontal cortex Activation in the orbital ... contrast, the studies by Kawabata and Zeki (2004) and Skov ef al (2005) attempted to isolate those cortical structures that are actIvated more when a stimulus is evaluated as beautiful Presumably,...
... the mathematical model and performed experiments on language data of the morphologically complex language Zulu We compared the performance on increasing training set sizes and analysed for each ... 2006) They used a natural language tagger which was trained on the output of ParaMor and Morfessor The goal was to mimic each algorithm since ParaMor is rule-based and there is no access to Morfessor’s ... reader that our two algorithms are aimed at small datasets We randomly split each dataset into 10 subsets where each subset was a test set and the corresponding remaining sets were merged to a...
... Q-function for a certain action taken in a certain state describes the total reward expected between taking that action and the end of the dialogue For each state-action pair (s, a) , we calculated this ... policy for each evaluation measure separately (by only using the rewards given for that particular measure), and a policy based on a combination (sum) of the rewards for all evaluation measures We ... base feature set was generated automatically, but quite a lot of features were manually tuned or added to cope with certain common dialogue situations The overall classification accuracy, measured...