... (MM-siRNA) (5’-GGCGUGUCUCUCU
UACGAC-3”). SiRNAs targeting the cDNA sequence
of rat TLR4 (GenBank accession NM_019178) were:
5’-CUACCAACAGAGAGGAUAU-3” (siRNA1),
5’-GUCUCAGAUAUCUAGAUCU-3’ (siRNA2), ...
hyperalgesia
The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to radiant
heat and paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) were used
to evaluate thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical al-
lodynia respectively as previously ... Sweden). Histone3 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO,
USA, 1:500) was used as an internal control.
Statistical analyses
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation
(SD). Statistical analyses were performed...
... Systems Modelling Data-
base and can be accessed at http://jjj.biochem.sun.ac.za/
database/curien/index.html free of charge.
Materials and methods
Chemicals
ATP, Hepes, homoserine, NADH, AdoMet, lactate ... can be calculated as follows: ELISA assays were
carried out using rabbit antibodies raised against the
recombinant proteins [12,14] and purified proteins as
standards. We measured that an extract ... environment of the Phser branch-point in Arabidopsis
leaf chloroplast. R
J
I
¼ a means that a 1% change in I around a given
value promotes an a percent change in flux J. A negative value means
that input...
... tagging and sta-
tistical parsing, this can be at least partly explained by
the fact that humans vary widely in how many of their
opportunities for placing a backchannel continuer they
actually ...
Interaction and Grammar,
chapter 3. CUP, Cambridge.
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... hierarchical structure of vari-
ous datasets (Hofmann, 1999; Blei et al., 2010; Li
et al., 2007). Our purpose here is more specialized
and similar to that of Labeled LDA (Ramage et al.,
200 9a) ... Reisinger and Marius Pa¸sca. 2009. Latent vari-
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IJCNLP ’09: Proceedings of the Joint Conference of
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supervised topic model for credit attribution in multi-
labeled corpora. In...
... about 16% of all possible language/feature
pairs are known. A sample of five languages and six
features from the database are shown in Table 1.
Importantly, the density of samples is not random.
For ... out
that labial-velars are most common in Africa just
north of the equator, which is also a place that has
very few uvulars (there are a handful of other ex-
amples, mostly in Papua New Guinea). ... m
implication variables by averaging the sampled val-
ues after dropping 200 “burn-in” iterations.
5 Data Preprocessing and Search
After extracting the raw data from the WALS elec-
tronic database...
... M. Sato, M. Nakagawa and N.
Makoshi. 2004. Tele-Synopsis for Biblical Research:
Development of NLP based Synoptic Software for Text
Analysis as a Mediator of Educational Technology and
Knowledge ... linguistic and literary-critical approaches
to text-reuse analysis, and can be especially help-
ful when dealing with a large amount of candidate
source texts.
Acknowledgements
This work grew out ofa ... alternation patterns. These features were val-
idated on the Lukan Passion Narrative, an instance
of text reuse in the Greek New Testament.
The model s predictions on this passage are com-
pared...
...
4.3 An Alternative To Planning
This approach can be viewed as a form of reactive
planning. LetterGen can be viewed as having a
simple goal (communicate a particular belief to the
hearer), ...
background information it could take advantage of.
The reason is that too many queries makes the pro-
gram loses its appeal as a work-saving device. A
related limitation is that its modelof ... that are capable of generating
socially appropriate text.
This paper provides a computational modelof
aocial perlocutionJ,
and it describes how this model
has been used to construct an automated...
...
Tonology. Kaitakusha, Tokyo.
Kaplan, Ronald and Joan Bresnan (1982) Lexical
Functional Grammar: A Formal System for
Grammatical Representation. in The Mental
Representation of
Grammatical Relations, ... (healthily)
nominal - adnominal
keiko no (Keiko-GEN), g~nki na (healthy)
verbal - adverbial
waratte (laugh-and), amaku (sweetly)
verbal - adnominal
warau (that laughs), amakatta (that was sweet) ... argue instead for
the theory assumed here, and a preliminary
treatment is presented.
A CATEGORIAL UNIFICATION APPROACH
TO JAPANESE
I will identify the fundamental unit of Japanese
syntax...
... demographics. Focusing on the IV
estimates, it can be seen that the birth weight of babies in rural areas is lower than that of urban
babies, and that male infants are heavier than female infants.
5
... complementarity of tetanus
vaccination with prenatal care inputs that enhance birth weight.
Dow et al. (1999) ague that a mother’s consumption of tetanus vaccination increases survival
chances of ... 1997; Victora et al., 2008). Thus, birth weight is not merely a measure of health of an
infant, but is also an indicator of the infant’s potential for survival both as a child, and as an
adult....
... stability of the SU-2MR chains ex-
ceeds those of ES-2MR chains and also rings as n >8.It
is indicated that ES-2MR chains would be more favora-
ble in the initial stage of the silica nanoparticle ... silica-w at high temperature [15], but also in
Si–O-plasma reactions [16] as well as in the condensa-
tion of vicinal hydroxyls or the thermodynamic rear-
rangement of the pure silica structure at ... rings
are different. In ES-2MR chains, all of the Si atoms form
a line with the planar 2MRs perpendicular to each
other. Whereas, in SU-2MR chains, the Si atoms divide
into two parallel arrays linked...
... domain of incremental language compre-
hension, especially, there is a substantial amount
of computational work suggesting that humans be-
have rationally (e.g., Jurafsky, 1996; Narayanan &
Jurafsky, ... values of α and β , which
go up (slower reading) as γ goes down (valuing
accuracy more than time). In addition, we see that
the average results of reading at these parameter
values are also as ... previous models of reading related to the
goals ofa reader, such as how should reading be-
havior change as accuracy is valued more.
There are a number of obvious ways for the
model to move forward....
... CoNLL-2005, Ann Arbor, MI
USA.
Nathanael Chambers and Dan Jurafsky. 2009. Unsu-
pervised learning of narrative schemas and their par-
ticipants. In Proc. of the Annual Meeting of the As-
sociation ... semantic rep-
resentation can be useful for entailment or question
answering tasks, as an entailment model can ab-
stract away from specifics of syntactic and lexical
realization relying instead ... These
moves can be computed efficiently for our model of
semantics. Note that for any reasonable model of
semantics only a small subset of the entire set of se-
mantic classes can be used as an argument...
... non-empty utterances.
4CALLHOME transcribers separated utterances at a
~e
aker change or a long pause, or if the semantics or syntax of
language indicated the end of an utterance.
from a centering ... Comparison of three alternative centering models for dialog
5.1 Empty Cb's
Each of our models leaves at least 52% of non-
empty utterances with no prediction of the Cb
(Cfn-1 and Cfn are ...
compared their results and agreed upon a reconciled
version of the data, which was used to produce the
results reported in Section 5. Annotator accuracy as
measured against the reconciled data...
...
katakana
katakana-kanji
kanji-hiragana
hiragana
kanji-katakana
kat akana-symbol-katakana
number
kanji-hiragana-kanji
alphabet
kanji-hir agana-kanji-hir agana
hiragana-kanji
percent
45.1% ... using a Statistical Modelof Morphology and Context
Masaaki
NAGATA
NTT Cyber Space Laboratories
1-1 Hikari-no-oka Yokosuka-Shi Kanagawa, 239-0847 Japan
nagata@nttnly, isl. ntt. co. jp
Abstract ... science. Kanji words are shorter than
katakana words because kanji is based on a large
(> 6,000) alphabet of ideograms while katakana is
based on a small (< 100) alphabet of phonograms.
Table...