... the importance of using models as tools to assist the policy analysis These models can be referred to as policy analysis models (Miser and Quade, 1985) or rapid assessment models (De Kok and Wind, ... extent can such models contribute to our knowledge and ability to manage our environment? Are they useful and they have an added value in comparison with conventional process models? Centred ... Kok and Wind, 2002) These studies are often involved with the design and application of a number of Integrated Systems Models (ISMs) These models are designed to support scenario analysis, but...
... name (as you're known on the Mac you're tapping into), and replace the phony IP address shown here with your real public address (If your Mac back home has a domain name unto itself, such as macmania.com, ... office-mac:~ chris$ kill 283 Or if you're sure of the program's exact name, just use the killall command with the program's name instead of its process ID To handle a stuck Finder, you would type this:...
... Constrained Word Alignment Models The framework that we propose to incorporate statistical constraints into word alignment models is generic It can be applied to complicated models such IBM Model-4 ... indicating being a name or not Without these constraints, t-table entries for names with low frequency tend to be flat and word alignments can be chosen randomly without sufficient statistics or ... we assume that a name is produced by a name with a high probability but by a non-name with a low probability, i.e P (F = E) >> P (F = E), proper names with low counts then are encouraged to link...
... Berg A van Vuuren The Effect of Search Frictions on Wages 06/03 806 G J van den Berg Multiple Equilibria and Minimum Wages in Labor Markets with Informational Frictions and Heterogeneous Production ... Paper No 806 June 2003 ABSTRACT Multiple Equilibria and Minimum Wages in Labor Markets with Informational Frictions and Heterogeneous Production Technologies∗ It is often argued that a mandatory ... binding only if the wage density displays a spike at it In this paper we analyze a model with search frictions and heterogeneous production technologies, in which imposition of a minimum wage...
... Forecasting models 3.1 10 3.2 Time-varying VAR 12 3.3 Time-varying factor augmented VAR 14 3.4 Unobserved component model with stochastic volatility 15 3.5 Threshold and smooth transition VAR models ... (2011) present a comparison of the forecasting performance of the TVP-FAVAR with its fixed-coefficient counterpart and AR modelswith time-varying parameters for US data over the 1995-2007 period The ... performance of a much wider range of modelswith time-varying parameters In particular, we compare the forecasting performance of (a range of) regime-switching models, TVP-VARs, TVP-FAVARs, TVARs,...
... these models and scaling factors to a forced alignment, where we compute a phrase alignment for the training data From this alignment we then estimate new phrase models, while keeping all other models ... e e Table 1: Avg source phrase lengths in forced alignment without leaving-one-out and with standard and length-based leaving-one-out without l1o standard l1o length-based l1o To be able to perform ... used a phrase length limit of words with longer phrases not resulting in further improvements To counteract over-fitting, they interpolate the phrase model with IBM Model probabilities that are...
... improve sentiment prediction by exploiting correlations within a single property cluster For example, if there are already many snippets with the attribute representing positive sentiment in a ... baseline mistakenly clusters some snippets about martinis with those containing the word very In the second example, the same occurs with the word delicious or NEGATIVE Neutral snippets are ignored ... analysis of errors Results For this task, we examine the accuracy of conflict prediction, both with and without the correctly identified properties The results by propertyattribute correctness are...
... methods for hidden markov models: Theory and experiments with perceptron algorithms In Proceedings of EMNLP, pages 1–8 Jorge Nocedal 1980 Updating quasi-newton matrices with limited storage Mathematics ... conditional random fields with stochastic gradient methods In Proceedings of ICML, pages 969–976 Jun’ichi Kazama and Jun’ichi Tsujii 2003 Evaluation and extension of maximum entropy modelswith inequality ... to the point: 3.2 L1 regularization with cumulative penalty k Unfortunately, the clipping-at-zero approach does not solve all problems Still, we often end up with many features whose weights are...
... annotated with the attribute [Conditional(“CONTRACTS_FULL“)], all runtime checks are only done with this setting To work with code contracts you can use classes that are available with NET in ... assigned, with an Action or Action delegate, with either no parameters or one object parameter This is similar to what you saw with the Thread class Here, a method is defined without a ... Variance/Rectangle.cs Covariance with Generic Interfaces A generic interface is covariant if the generic type is annotated with the out keyword This also means that type T is allowed only with return types...
... contributions We want to start with Edward Melomed: he inspired us, and we probably would not have started our journey with PowerPivot without a passionate discussion that we had with him several years ... the columns in the related table without needing to specify which ones (as was the case with VLOOKUP, which retrieved only a single column from the related table) With this new information, click ... to work with, and that this data model can be created without enabling the PowerPivot add-in, which comes preinstalled but disabled Once the data model has been created, you can query it with a...
... our t,emplate was to find an arbitrary sized rectangle within an image The rectangle had pixels with intensity specified by a Gaussian with mean and variance, pf and af, respectively Likewise, ... intensity specified by a Gaussian with pb and gb Our template was a rectangle specified by the coordinates of its upper-left and lower-right corners Starting with an initial template, estimates ... position of the rectangle, our system was always started with a rectangle that covered a majority of the input image (Figure 2) There is a problem with this procedure Consider The variable, X = (Xi...
... the BIC, among modelswith the same dimension, the one maximizing the likelihood is the optimum model with respect to both the AIC and BIC All analyses involving Weibull modelswith changepoints ... of these patients Reanalysis of the data by Weibull modelswith changepoints The data can be re-analyzed by using more flexible Weibull modelswith one or more changepoints Page of 10 (page number ... initiation of ART Evidence from our models is equivocal on this issue The AIC and BIC criteria applied to the Weibull modelswith changepoints did favour the model with two changepoints, but their...
... it isn’t aligned with the object 470 | Chapter 9 Enhancing Modelswith Materials Figure 9.36 A view of the UVW Mapping gizmo when using the Cylindrical mapping type, along with a sample of ... settings of ambient, diffuse, and specular color | Chapter 9 Enhancing Modelswith Materials 468 Figure 9.32 The brick wall rendered with the Tile option turned off The tile settings are located in ... appearance of a material You see a brick wall with the gizmo rotated The bricks are angled and aligned with the UVW Mapping gizmo Figure 9.30 A sample brick wall with the UVW Mapping gizmo rotated 30...
... colourings of a 4-cycle system are possible We deal here with some of these types; it is hoped that the remaining types will be dealt with in a future paper by the author More precisely we are ... + 8k Colour the elements of X with a new colour Theorem 2.2 For every n ≡ (mod 8), n ≥ 9, and for every m ∈ {3, 4, , n+3 } there is a 4-cycle system of order n with a proper m-colouring of ... 2-colouring of type b with colour classes Ω1 and Ω2 To this at first we embed (W, D) in a 4-cycle system (V, D ∪ C), then we replace the cycles whose colour type is not b with type b cycles covering...
... spondylarthropathies (SpA,(HC, 165), with Serum concentrationswith = 71) and healthy Lymphocyte Antigen- (sCTLA-4) in patients with spondylarthropathies (SpA, n = 165), with rheumatoid arthritis (RA, ... increased levels of serum sCTLA-4 in patients with SpA, compared with levels observed in patients with RA or in healthy volunteers Circulating sCTLA-4 correlated with clinical index of disease activity ... factors Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus In order to have another comparative group (with previously determined elevated serum sCTLA-4 levels) [15,16], 14 patients with SLE (13 females,...