30— congenital and cystic diseases of the biliary tree
Tài liệu Committee on Foreign and Emerging Diseases of the United States Animal Health Association pptx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 05:20
... Service and the Bureau of Indian Affairs Support roles are also played by the Department of Transportation, the Department of Defense, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Justice, the Department ... meaningful and less meaningful Less meaningful because of the rapid movement of diseases around the world and the increasing likelihood that one of these will be found here (Exotic Newcastle disease and ... and a number of foreign countries have shared their expertise and their time to create this seventh edition The Chair and Co-Chair of the USAHA Committee on Foreign and Emerging Diseases, Corrie...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 1) pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... converted by the enzyme 5αreductase to dihydrotestosterone in the gland The periurethral portion of the gland increases in size during puberty and after the age of 55 due to the growth of nonmalignant ... and Pathology The prostate is located in the pelvis and is surrounded by the rectum, the bladder, the periprostatic and dorsal vein complexes that are responsible for erectile function, and the ... produced in the epithelial cells Both prostate epithelial cells and stromal cells express androgen receptors and depend on androgens for growth Testosterone, the major circulating androgen, is...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 2) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... which the tempo of the illness is altered and symptoms controlled until the patient dies of other causes These can be equivalent therapeutically from a patient standpoint if the patient has not ... death, the states model allows a distinction between cure the elimination of all cancer cells, the primary therapeutic objective when treating most cancers and cancer control, in which the tempo of ... surgically remains in the state of localized disease as long as the PSA remains undetectable The time within a state becomes a measure of the efficacy of an intervention, though the effect may not...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 3) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... palpable, and of these, 70% are pathologically organ-confined The downside of widespread PSA screening is the detection and treatment of cancers with such a low malignant potential that they would ... examined for the presence of cancer, and the amount of cancer is quantified based on the length of the tumor within the core and the percentage of the core involved ... course of antibiotics before biopsy Men with an abnormal PSA and negative biopsy are advised to undergo a repeat biopsy Each core of the biopsy is examined for the presence of cancer, and the amount...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 4) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... to the extent of the disease within the gland, the presence or absence of capsular invasion, involvement of seminal vesicles, and extension of disease to lymph nodes Because of the inadequacy of ... identified solely on the basis of an abnormal PSA (T1c), those that are palpable but clinically confined to the gland (T2), and those that have extended outside the gland (T3 and T4) (Table 91-1) ... for staging, the staging system was modified to include the results of imaging studies Unfortunately, no single test has proven to indicate accurately the stage or the presence of organ-confined...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 5) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... more advanced the disease, the lower the probability of local control and the higher the probability of systemic relapse More important is that within the categories of T1, T2, and T3 disease ... radiation therapy, or active surveillance Choice of therapy requires the consideration of several factors: the presence of symptoms, the probability that the untreated tumor will adversely affect the ... of outcomes of various forms of therapy is limited by the lack of prospective trials, referral bias, and differences in the outcomes used The primary outcomes are cancer control and treatment-related...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 6) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... radiation therapy (IMRT) to maximize the dose to the prostate and to minimize the exposure of the surrounding normal structures The addition of IMRT has permitted further shaping of the dose, ... radiation therapy The aim is to decrease the size of the prostate and, consequently, to reduce the exposure of normal tissues to full-dose radiation, to increase local control rates, and to decrease the ... pretreatment, the dose administered, and the time of assessment Postradiation erectile dysfunction is related to a disruption of the vascular supply and not the nerve fibers Neoadjuvant hormone therapy...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 7) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... surgery and/ or radiation therapy By definition, patients have no evidence of disease on scan For these patients the central issue is whether the rise in PSA results from persistent disease in the ... undergone radiation therapy The decision to recommend radiation therapy after prostatectomy is often made on the basis of the pathologic findings at surgery, as imaging studies such as CT and bone scan ... estimated that 10–15% of patients had "insignificant" cancers Given the multifocality of the disease, a concern is the limited ability to predict pathologic findings on the basis of a needle biopsy,...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 8) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... 69, and 79% if the doubling time was short (
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 9) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... Outcomes of Androgen Depletion The antiprostate cancer effects of the various androgen depletion strategies are similar, and the clinical course is predictable: an initial response, then a period of ... quality of life Combined androgen blockade the administration of an antiandrogen plus a GnRH analogue or surgical orchiectomy—was designed to inhibit both testicular and adrenal androgens at the ... patients treated with radiation therapy and years of androgen depletion relative to radiation alone, was criticized for the poor outcomes of the control group Another showing a survival benefit...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 11) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... at bedtime) act by relaxing the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and increasing peak urinary flow rates No data show that these agents influence the progression of the disease Surgical approaches ... Over 5 how often past month, the have you found it difficult to postpone urination? Over the past month, how often have you had a weak urinary stream? Over the (No (1 (2 (3 (4 (5 how often past ... regardless of the size of the gland, while those with an inability to urinate, gross hematuria, recurrent infection, or bladder stones may require surgery In patients with symptoms, uroflowmetry...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 1 potx
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... to the skin into the liver substance and extracted This is the quick part of the procedure The tip of the needle is now placed on sterile paper and some of the remaining saline flushed through the ... to a compartment of uncoupling of receptor and ligand (CURL) The receptor and ligand separate The receptor returns to sinusoidal plasma membrane and the ligand enters a lysosome and is degraded ... 636 Other causes, 636 Summary, 636 36 Diseases of the Ampulla of Vater and Pancreas, 639 Peri-ampullary carcinoma, 639 Benign villous adenoma of the ampulla of Vater, 644 Cystic tumours of the...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 2 pot
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... especially the hypothenar and thenar eminences and pulps of the fingers (fig 6.12) Islets of erythema may be found at the bases of the fingers The soles of the feet may be similarly affected The mottling ... diameter and is not obliterated by pressure Venous stars are seen on the dorsum of the foot, legs, back and on the lower border of the ribs Palmar erythema (liver palms) The hands are warm and the ... benzodiazepines and barbiturates (fig 7.9) The binding of any of these ligands opens a chloride channel and after the influx of chloride there is hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane, and neuroinhibition...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 3 potx
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... veins of the caval system Deviation of blood into these channels leads to varicosities in the submucous layer of the lower end of the oesophagus and fundus of the stomach (b) At the anus, the superior ... by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein just posterior to the head of the pancreas at about the level of the second lumbar vertebra It extends slightly to the right of ... bypass the block and return blood towards the liver These enter the portal vein in the porta hepatis beyond the block They include the veins at the hilum, venae comitantes of the portal vein and...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 4 docx
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... with other variations of the A(TA)nTAA allele have also shown elevated serum total bilirubin levels, including the alleles 5/6, 5/7 and 7/8 [5] In Asians and the Japanese, the frequency of the ... micrograph of the canalicular biliary system porters, from the microsomes to the bile canalicular membrane The peri-canalicular cytoplasm contains elements of the cytoskeleton of the hepatocyte: ... continuity with the space of Disse Disruption of the tight junction leads to free passage of solute and larger molecules into the canaliculus with loss of the osmotic gradient and cholestasis...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 5 pot
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... serum IgG anti-HDV is found There may be a window period between the disappearance of one and the detection of the other Loss of IgM anti-HDV confirms the resolution of HDV infection, whereas persistence ... both as monotherapy, and, on the basis of recently completed large trials, in combination with ribavirin The cost and availability makes all these treatments out of reach of the millions of sufferers ... Diagram of the virion of hepatitis B (HBV: Dane particle) The core contains DNA polymerase, double-stranded DNA, core antigen and ‘e’ antigen The surface consists of HBsAg Spheres and tubules of HBsAg...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 6 pps
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... lipids synthesized in the liver itself The origin depends upon the dose of ethanol ingested and the lipid content of the diet After an acute, isolated ingestion of a large dose of ethanol the fatty ... related to the severity of the liver disease [72] The extent of the nutritional defect depends on the type of alcoholic, whether of low socioeconomic status where protein-calorie malnutrition often ... is the fourth commonest cause of death in adult males The prevalence of alcoholic liver disease depends largely on religious and other customs and on the relation between the cost of alcohol and...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 8 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... the liver parenchyma The lesions produced are single or multiple and of variable size The amoebic abscess is usually about the size of an orange The most frequent site is in the right lobe, often ... abscess in the left lobe of the liver may show a crescentic deformity of the lesser curve of the stomach US is the most useful (fig 29.7) CT shows the abscess with a somewhat irregular edge and low ... penicillin Jaundice, chills and fever, often with a rash (erythema of Milan), occur about days after starting therapy This is part of the Herxheimer reaction The mechanism of the jaundice is unclear...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 9 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... failure with a standard catheter The intra-hepatic biliary tree, cystic and common bile ducts and gallbladder are filled (fig 32.11) Changes in the position of the patient and tilting of the screening ... 33 and softening of secondary malignant growths also occur Congenital anomalies of the biliary tract The liver and biliary tract develop from a bud-like outpouching of the ventral wall of the ... Type I is the failure of the gallbladder and cystic duct to develop as an outgrowth from the hepatic diverticulum of the foregut This type is often found with other anomalies of the biliary passages...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 10 docx
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 15:20
... depends on the clinical state of the patient and the staging of the tumour derived from radiological imaging Difficulties in removal arise because of the inaccessibility of the pancreas on the posterior ... photodynamic therapy [1, 34] Cystic tumours of the pancreas [18] These may be benign or malignant and include cystic adenocarcinoma, cystic adenoma (serous and mucinous) and papillary cystic tumours They ... which there is no acceptable, alternative therapy The patient and the family must understand the magnitude of the undertaking and be prepared to face the difficult early postoperative period and...
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Tìm thêm:
- hệ việt nam nhật bản và sức hấp dẫn của tiếng nhật tại việt nam
- xác định các mục tiêu của chương trình
- xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn
- khảo sát các chuẩn giảng dạy tiếng nhật từ góc độ lí thuyết và thực tiễn
- khảo sát chương trình đào tạo của các đơn vị đào tạo tại nhật bản
- khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể
- xác định thời lượng học về mặt lí thuyết và thực tế
- tiến hành xây dựng chương trình đào tạo dành cho đối tượng không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam
- điều tra đối với đối tượng giảng viên và đối tượng quản lí
- điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1
- khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam
- khảo sát các chương trình đào tạo theo những bộ giáo trình tiêu biểu
- nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ
- xác định mức độ đáp ứng về văn hoá và chuyên môn trong ct
- phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ
- mở máy động cơ lồng sóc
- mở máy động cơ rôto dây quấn
- các đặc tính của động cơ điện không đồng bộ
- hệ số công suất cosp fi p2
- đặc tuyến hiệu suất h fi p2