235 chapter xxx—diseases of the esophagus
Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 1) pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... of 55 due to the growth of nonmalignant cells in the transition zone of the prostate that surrounds the urethra Most cancers develop in the peripheral zone, and cancers in this location can often ... Testosterone, the major circulating androgen, is converted by the enzyme 5αreductase to dihydrotestosterone in the gland The periurethral portion of the gland increases in size during puberty and after the ... urinary control The prostate is composed of branching tubuloalveolar glands arranged in lobules and surrounded by a stroma The acinal unit includes an epithelial compartment made up of epithelial, basal,...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 2) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... surgically remains in the state of localized disease as long as the PSA remains undetectable The time within a state becomes a measure of the efficacy of an intervention, though the effect may not ... experienced symptoms of the disease or the treatment needed to control it Even when a recurrence is documented, immediate therapy is not always necessary Rather, as at the time of diagnosis, the need for ... diagnosis, the need for intervention is based on the tempo of the illness as it unfolds in the individual, relative to the riskto-benefit ratio of the therapy being considered No Cancer Diagnosis...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 3) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... changed the clinical spectrum of the disease Now, 95–99% of newly diagnosed cancers are clinically localized, 40% are not palpable, and of these, 70% are pathologically organ-confined The downside of ... examined for the presence of cancer, and the amount of cancer is quantified based on the length of the tumor within the core and the percentage of the core involved ... is the detection and treatment of cancers with such a low malignant potential that they would not have shortened survival or produced symptoms during the patient's lifetime The side effects of...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 4) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... to the extent of the disease within the gland, the presence or absence of capsular invasion, involvement of seminal vesicles, and extension of disease to lymph nodes Because of the inadequacy of ... for staging, the staging system was modified to include the results of imaging studies Unfortunately, no single test has proven to indicate accurately the stage or the presence of organ-confined ... highest histologic grade) often determines biologic behavior The presence or absence of perineural invasion and extracapsular spread are also recorded Prostate Cancer Staging The TNM staging system...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 5) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... radiation therapy, or active surveillance Choice of therapy requires the consideration of several factors: the presence of symptoms, the probability that the untreated tumor will adversely affect the ... treatment Data from the literature not provide clear evidence for the superiority of any one treatment Comparison of outcomes of various forms of therapy is limited by the lack of prospective trials, ... assess The more advanced the disease, the lower the probability of local control and the higher the probability of systemic relapse More important is that within the categories of T1, T2, and T3 disease...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 6) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... radiation therapy (IMRT) to maximize the dose to the prostate and to minimize the exposure of the surrounding normal structures The addition of IMRT has permitted further shaping of the dose, ... radiation therapy The aim is to decrease the size of the prostate and, consequently, to reduce the exposure of normal tissues to full-dose radiation, to increase local control rates, and to decrease the ... pretreatment, the dose administered, and the time of assessment Postradiation erectile dysfunction is related to a disruption of the vascular supply and not the nerve fibers Neoadjuvant hormone therapy...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 7) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... estimated that 10–15% of patients had "insignificant" cancers Given the multifocality of the disease, a concern is the limited ability to predict pathologic findings on the basis of a needle biopsy, ... and/or radiation therapy By definition, patients have no evidence of disease on scan For these patients the central issue is whether the rise in PSA results from persistent disease in the primary ... prostatectomy for patients who had undergone radiation therapy The decision to recommend radiation therapy after prostatectomy is often made on the basis of the pathologic findings at surgery, as imaging...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 8) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... difficulty with predicting the course of disease in the rising PSA state is that most patients receive some form of therapy before the development of metastases Nevertheless, predictive models ... Over 90% of male hormones originate in the testes;
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 9) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... metastatic disease Nevertheless, some men may accept the trade-off of a potentially inferior cancer outcome for an improved quality of life Combined androgen blockade the administration of an antiandrogen ... an antiandrogen for the first 2–4 weeks of treatment to protect against the flare Intermittent Hormone Therapy Another way to reduce the side effects of androgen depletion is to administer hormones ... Androgen Depletion The antiprostate cancer effects of the various androgen depletion strategies are similar, and the clinical course is predictable: an initial response, then a period of stability...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 11) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... at bedtime) act by relaxing the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and increasing peak urinary flow rates No data show that these agents influence the progression of the disease Surgical approaches ... Over 5 how often past month, the have you found it difficult to postpone urination? Over the past month, how often have you had a weak urinary stream? Over the (No (1 (2 (3 (4 (5 how often past ... Answered Over 0+ the past month, how often you had sensation a of not emptying your than ut Abo Mo Half re Time in Half the the Time Half have Le bladder completely Time Alm than ost Always the time...
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Gián án Chapter 22 Chemistry of the Nonmetals
Ngày tải lên :
28/11/2013, 01:12
... Si in some of the lattice sites • SiO2 becomes AlO2− • the negative charge is countered by the inclusion of a cation Albite = ¼ of Si replaced by Al; Na(AlO2)(SiO2)3 Anorthite = ½ of Si replaced ... Forms of Carbon • coal is a mixture of hydrocarbons and carbon-rich particles the product of carbonation of ancient plant material carbonation removes H and O from organic compounds in the ... covalent atomic solids of Si and O and minor amounts of other elements found in rocks, soils, and clays silicates have variable structures – leading to the variety of properties found in rocks,...
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Tài liệu Infectious Diseases of the Head and Neck pptx
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 08:20
... Sudan.249 The organism’s life cycle begins in the gut of the sandfly, but the organism completes its life cycle in the host following the fly bite The sandfly inoculates the host with the organisms ... weapon There are major forms of infection with the organism: cutaneous, inhalation, and gastrointestinal.93 The details of these forms of anthrax will not be discussed with the exception of gastrointestinal ... ARTICLE The least common form of leishmaniasis is mucocutaneous The ulcerated mucosal lesions seen in this form of the disease are due to the disseminated spread of the organism from the initial...
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Tài liệu Committee on Foreign and Emerging Diseases of the United States Animal Health Association pptx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 05:20
... Service and the Bureau of Indian Affairs Support roles are also played by the Department of Transportation, the Department of Defense, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Justice, the Department ... regulations for the transport of infectious materials by any mode of transport These regulations are based upon the Recommendations of the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous ... Traditionally, the task of the reviewing and updating this book, still familiarly known as the “Gray Book” (despite the white cover of recent editions) falls to the Chair and Co-Chair of the USAHA’s...
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Oncogenesis, Inflammatory and Parasitic Tropical Diseases of the Lung Edited by Jean-Marie Kayembe potx
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 14:20
... cells of the transgenic animals, and thereby promoted the development of carcinoma of the lung This mouse model should prove useful to the study of lung carcinogenesis and to the identification of ... expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the ... recruitment of various signaling proteins to these autophosphorylation sites located primarily in the C-terminal tail of the receptor Tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR leads to the recruitment of diverse...
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Hughes, Mansel & Webster''''s Benign Disorders and Diseases of the Breast pdf
Ngày tải lên :
28/03/2014, 22:20
... pathologist of the UK As their work overlaps the professional span of many of the present generation of breast specialists, they have been left to future study This chapter is not the history of benign ... disorders and diseases of the breast Lymphatics of the breast The lymphatic drainage of the breast is of great importance in the spread of malignant disease of the breast but of lesser importance ... influences of some of the great names in the development of our understanding of the changes in the breast The ANDI concept provides a framework to enable clinicians to explain to patients the nature of...
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What You Need To Know About - Cancer of the Esophagus ppt
Ngày tải lên :
28/03/2014, 23:20
... joins it to the remaining part of the esophagus Or a piece of intestine may be used to connect the stomach to the remaining part of the esophagus The surgeon may use either a piece of small intestine ... another part of the body, the new tumor has the same kind of abnormal cells and the same name as the primary tumor For example, if esophageal cancer spreads to the liver, the cancer cells in the ... esophagus or only the part that has the cancer Usually, the surgeon removes the section of the esophagus with the cancer, lymph nodes, and nearby soft tissues Part or all of the stomach may also...
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Bệnh tuyến yên (diseases of the pituitary) (Kỳ 1) docx
Ngày tải lên :
02/07/2014, 23:20
... tiết sữa không liên quan tới thai sản bệnh nhân sinh nhiều lần, việc tăng tiết sữa xuất không kèm theo tăng tiết prolactin Tuy vậy, tăng tiết sữa thường gây tăng prolactin, 75% bệnh nhân tăng tiết ... kích thích - Khi ăn + Do thuốc: - Hướng thần kinh: phenothiazin, butyrophenon, sulpirid, thioxanthen - Estrogen (thuốc ngừa thai) - Hạ huyết áp: aldomet, reserpin, verapamil - Chống nôn: metoclopramid...
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Bệnh tuyến yên (diseases of the pituitary) (Kỳ 3) pps
Ngày tải lên :
02/07/2014, 23:20
... yếu tố tăng trưởng giống insulin (insulin like growth factor 1- IGF hay somatomedin C) Vì tiết GH theo giai đoạn thời gian bán hủy ngắn, định lượng IGF-1 tốt bệnh to đầu chi Bình thường IGF-1 =...
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