... uction Operations Designof Gas-Handing Systems and Facilities Ken Arnold Maurice Stewart SECOND EDITION Surface Production Operations VOLUME Designof Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities Copyright ... interpretation of the contents and resulting use or application thereof are made at the sole risk of the user In production facility design there are tnan> proprietary designs and techniques ... analysis and safety system design (Volume 1, Chapter 13 discusses the need to communicate about a facility design by means of flowsheets and presents general comments and several examples of project...
... 12 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and facilities Figure 2-2 Change in AT over distance, counter-current flow of fluids Since the temperature of both fluids changes as they ... the center of the tube to laminar flow at the tube surface The inside film coefficient can be calculated from: 16 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities Table 2-1 Characteristics of Tubing ... Edition.) The mass velocity of a fluid in pounds per hour per square foot can be calculated from 22 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities Figure 2-6 Thermal conductivities of hydrocarbon liquids...
... 60 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities TEMA Glasses and Tube Materials TEMA standards provide for two classes of shell and tube exchanger qualities Class C is the less stringent and ... cross-section of the shell, because the fluid that is in the shell has to be able to come 50 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities over the top of the baffle and under the bottom of the next ... letter designates the front end of the heat exchanger, the second letter designates the shell type, or the middle of the heat exchanger, and the third letter designates the back, or the rear, of...
... accessibility, and easy expansion by adding more plates Metal plate -and- frame exchangers are particularly attractive for seawater and brackish water services However, because of the designof plate -and- frame ... shell and which in the tube, and a heat* transfer coefficient assumed or calculated A choice is made of the number of shell and tube passes to get a reasonable LMTD correction factor (F), and a ... other exotic metals Heal Exchangers Figure 3-13 Pfote -and- frame exchanger (Courtesy of Tranter, Inc.) 73 74 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities may be used if desired It is important...
... downstream of the choke, which assures that the enthalpy of the mixture of gas and liquid upstream of the choke equals the enthalpy of the new mixture of more gas and less liquid downstream of the ... (Courtesy of Smith Industries, Inc.) 100 Designof GAS-HANDLINCr Systems and facilities by Figure 4-6 The graph shows the water content in pounds of water per MMscf of saturated gas at any pressure and ... Mara of Paragon Engineering Services, Inc 109 110 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities LTX UNITS These units are designed to allow hydrates to form and to melt them with the heat of the...
... 8,000 psig and 224°F From Figure 4-6, we have: 126 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities lb water/MMscf of wet gas at reservoir conditions (8,000 psig and 224°F) lb water/MMscf of wet gas ... maximum amounts of gas, water, and oil or condensate expected in the heater and the pressures and temperatures of the heater inlet and outlet must be known Since the purpose of the heater is ... number of passes of coil Therefore, the correct selection of coil length also requires determining the length of the shell and number of passes As the shell length decreases, the number of passes...
... diameter and height of the tower can be derived using manufacturer's data for the particular device The height of the tower is a function of the number of theoretical stages andof the efficiency of ... optimize the designof any stabilizer if the properties of the feed stream and desired vapor pressure of the bottoms product are known Cases should be run of both a cold-feed stabilizer and one with ... sometimes set above random beds to prevent the pieces of packing from migrating or entraining upward Random packing comes in a variety of shapes and sizes For a given shape (design) of packing, small...
... systems range to 0.65 mole of acid gas per mole of DEA compared to a maximum of 0.4 mole of acid gas per mole of MEA The result of this is that the circulation rate of a DEA solution is slightly ... flow diagram of the Claus® process The first stage of the process converts H2S to sulfur dioxide and Figure 7-7 Two-stage Claus process plant 174 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities ... slurry of rich solution comes off the bottom of the absorber and flows to an atmospheric oxidizer tank where it is regenerated A dense slurry is pumped off the base of the oxidizer to the melter and...
... weight of 26 that is in equilibrium with a 3% brine at a pressure of 3,000 psia and a temperature of 150°R From Figure 8-1 at a temperature of 150°F and pressure of 3,000 psia there is 104 Ib of ... duty and heat recovered, but the larger and more costly the exchanger For design, an approach temperature of about 30°F provides an economic design balancing the cost of the rich/lean exchanger and ... gpm 202 Designof GAS-HAN DUNG Systems and Facilities Figure 8-5 The bottom of the contactor is often used as a vertical inlet scrubber it is common to route only a sidestream of 10 to 50% of total...
... 212 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities Figure 8-12 Effect of stripping gas on glyco! concentration dehydrators are designed for approximately three gallons of glycol per pound of water ... applied and properly cured to prevent liner cracks Liner cracks will per- 232 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities mit some of the wet gas to bypass the desiccant bed Only a small amount of ... compression and sales If it is not recovered in one of these ways and is just vented locally, the cost of using this type of pump can be very high Glyeol powered pumps are inexpensive and easy to...
... components and sell it as 250 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities Figure 9-4 Simplified flow diagram of a fractionation plant ethane, propane, butane, and natural gasoline The process of separating ... Then the volume of gas required for heating will be 240 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities The regeneration gas heater load QH is then: For design, add 25% for heat losses and non-uniform ... range of to 20 * Reviewed for the 1999 edition by John H Galey of Paragon Engineering Services, Inc, 253 254 Designof GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities In some marginal gas fields, and in...
... modulus of elasticity ofconcrete modulus of elasticity ofconcrete at transfer of stress modulus of elasticity of prestressing strand modulus of elasticity of steel flexural stiffness of compression ... the accompanying possibility of tradeoffs in the process of planning and designing Selection BRIDGE ANALYSIS ANDDESIGNof not only a suitable type of substructure and superstructure, but a suitable ... without natural sand is termed “all-lightweight concrete, ” and lightweight concrete in which all fine aggregate consists of normal weight sand is termed “sandlightweight concrete. ” Design load-Applicable...
... ANDDESIGNOF STEELCONCRETE COMPOSITE BUILDINGS JEYARAJAN SELVARAJAH (B.Sc.Eng.(Hons),University of Moratuwa; M.Sc, NUS) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF ... ROBUSTNESS ANALYSIS ANDDESIGNOF STEEL BUILDING 227 A1.1 General 227 A1.2 Robustness designof building using BS 5950-1(2000) 227 A1.3 Designof building for robustness ... few types of advance analysis software allow removal of the member instantly) Degradation of elastic modulus and Young modulus of damaged member using time • dependant material (Tavakoli and Kiakojouri...
... volumes of maintenance and repairs 16 Construction Management andDesignof Industrial Concreteand Steel Structures 2.3.4 Design Management The goal ofdesign management is to control the design ... Construction Management andDesignof Industrial Concreteand Steel Structures Construction Management andDesignof Industrial Concreteand Steel Structures Mohamed A El-Reedy, ... guidebook to junior and senior engineers who work in design, construction, repair, and maintenance of reinforced concreteand steel structures and to assist them through all of the stages of industrial...
... ductility of reinforced concrete Imposed loads and imposed deflections Creep and relaxation ofconcrete Truss analogy Strut -and- tie analogy Continuity between the concepts of bending and arching ... an intuitive understanding of the behaviour of structures, a thorough understanding of the nature of the various building materials, and an appreciation of the appearance of their structures ... The nature ofdesign blurred, with many engineers being members of both institutions, and some designers being members of the Institution of Civil Engineers only The specialisation of designers...
... behaviour and a low unstable inhibitory activity, and for I137A a biphasic loss of activity (Fig and Table 3) The phenotype of these substitutions is therefore different from that of N139A, T146A and ... assay and expressed as percentage of the theoretical maximum The activity was monitored over time and the rate of latency transition expressed as the functional half-life, t½ The averages and standard ... assay and expressed as percentage of the theoretical maximum The activity was monitored over time and the rate of latency transition expressed as the functional half-life, t½ The averages and standard...