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[...]... for everything from CSS to the HTTP protocol that computers on the Internet use to communicate You can find the specifications for CSS and HTML on the W3C web site at http://www.w3.org/ 10 The CSS Pocket Guide CSS2 , CSS2 .1, CSS3 , Drafts, Recommendations, Ack! We’re at a moment in time where the state of the CSS “standard,” while active and exciting, can often be confusing The W3C’s CSS Working Group consists... along that line and that you can start using today: ■ CSS2 : CSS2 became a Recommendation in 1998 As a specification, it has been superseded by CSS2 .1, though the term CSS2 ” may be used to refer to either ■ CSS2 .1: As this book is being written in the later part of 2010, the CSS2 .1 specification is being readied for PR status CSS2 .1 made changes to CSS2 by updating technical descriptions and removing... understand how to read and write HTML—the markup and content that the CSS code in this book is used to style What You Will Learn This book covers CSS including CSS 2.1 and parts of CSS3 ■ The beginning of the book covers the building blocks of CSS and how to use those tools to create layouts with CSS ■ The book then goes on to discuss how to use CSS to style the content elements that are often placed into the... page) The CSS Pocket Guide will teach you the building blocks of styling documents with CSS, give you an arsenal of modern development techniques, and help you navigate the ever-changing landscape of web browsers and specifications, including CSS3 xvi The CSS Pocket Guide Who Should Read This Book Anyone designing or building web pages should understand CSS This book offers an overview of CSS and the... “source” view The figures used to demonstrated CSS code throughout this button were all generated with actual CSS code These full code examples, including the HTML5 documents, can be downloaded from http://www.peachpit.com/ csspocketguide so you can follow along, review the examples in different browsers, or edit the examples and experiment with them xviii The CSS Pocket Guide Resources It goes without... walk through and teach yourself http://dev.opera.com/ Writing CSS Unlike a programming language such as JavaScript, there isn’t that much to the syntax of CSS and the makeup of CSS rules But the following sections highlight some things you should know before jumping into the complexities of what the simple syntax can do Case Sensitivity CSS is case insensitive For example, the color property is equivalent... compress CSS documents; optimize server calls for CSS files, JavaScript files, and images; and perform lots of other performance tricks not covered directly in this book Google Page Speed (http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/) is another Firebug add-on in a similar vein as YSlow It can identify which CSS declarations are not being utilized by an HTML document and it can point out which of your CSS selectors... offer additional context or commands for the processing of style sheet information Here’s an example: /* include file additional .css */ @import “additional .css /* target specific media with contained rules */ Chapter 1: CSS Basics 5 @media print { [ ] } Cascading The cascading in CSS is the process that is followed in order to determine which declaration for a given property is applied to a given element... 224 CSS Frameworks 225 Common CSS Frameworks 226 Why Not Use a Framework? 227 Beyond Frameworks 227 CSS Preprocessors 228 Chapter 14: The Not Too Distant Future of CSS ... the CSS properties you will often manipulate with JavaScript ■ It does not attempt to teach principles of good visual or interactive design It will, however, give you the tools to implement those designs ■ It also it does not explicitly cover CSS as applied to documents other than HTML (such as SVG) What You Need to Follow Along All you need is a text editor to write CSS code or review the example CSS . and content that the CSS code in this book is used to style. What You Will Learn This book covers CSS including CSS 2.1 and parts of CSS3 . ■ The beginning. Resets and Frameworks 219 CSS Resets 220 Using Resets 220 Why Not Reset? 221 The CSS Pocket Guidexiv Cross-Browser CSS via JavaScript 222 Common