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SQL Server - Bài
SQL Server 64 bitVu Tuyet Trinhtrinhvt-fit@mail.hut.edu.vnHanoi University of Technology1 MicrosoftMicrosoftOutlineOverview of database performance and scalabilityCompatibilityAdvantages of 64-bit environmentConsideration for choosing SQL Server 64-bitDeployment consideration2 MicrosoftMicrosoftDatabase Performance and Scalability Many applications running on 32-bit platforms today are approaching or have exceeded the limits of the platform.Advanced DBMS capabilities, data is growing numbers of business users.Organizations are consolidating servers to simplify critical data center operations. Consolidation can reduce management complexity and cost, while reducing physical space requirements in the data center. MicrosoftMicrosoftSQL Server 64 bitCost SavingsScalabilityThe highly scalable database platform for memory intensive, performance-critical business applicationsOptimized for Windows Server 2003 and Optimized for Windows Server 2003 and ItaniumItaniumGreat performanceGreat performanceLarge memory addressability (up to 32 TB) Large memory addressability (up to 32 TB) Nearly unlimited virtual memory (up to 8 TB)Nearly unlimited virtual memory (up to 8 TB)I/O savings due to larger memory buffer poolsI/O savings due to larger memory buffer poolsT-SQL code-compatibility with SQL Server T-SQL code-compatibility with SQL Server 200020008 node clustering support8 node clustering supportSame on-disk format as 32-bit for easy Same on-disk format as 32-bit for easy migrationmigrationOne setup for database & OLAP based on One setup for database & OLAP based on Windows Installer technologyWindows Installer technologyCompelling alternative to expensive Unix Compelling alternative to expensive Unix solutionssolutionsManageability MicrosoftMicrosoft32bit vs. 64 bitAWE Memory AWE Memory (up to 32GB)(up to 32GB)3GB Virtual 3GB Virtual Address space Address space available to SQL available to SQL ServerServerSQL Server 2000 – 32bit SQL Server 2000 – 32bit running on a Xeon Serverrunning on a Xeon ServerVirtual Virtual Address Address Space Space (currently (currently tested up to tested up to 512 GB)512 GB)SQL Server 2000 – 64 bit SQL Server 2000 – 64 bit running on an Itanium 2 running on an Itanium 2 ServerServer•Buffer pool pages Buffer pool pages can be mapped / can be mapped / unmappedunmapped•As pages are As pages are needed, they can needed, they can be mapped into be mapped into the virtual address the virtual address spacespace•Some structure Some structure stay in virtual stay in virtual address memory address memory including plan including plan cache, cursor cache, cursor structures and structures and user connection user connection contextcontext•Cost associated Cost associated with mapping / with mapping / unmappingunmapping•Virtual address space Virtual address space available to all available to all structuresstructures•Direct access – no map Direct access – no map costcost•Access to large Access to large amounts of physical amounts of physical memory in virtual memory in virtual address spaceaddress space•Current and future Current and future hardwarehardware MicrosoftMicrosoftThe primary differences between the SQL 64-bit and SQL 32-bit The 64-bit architecture offers a larger directly-addressable memory space. SQL Server 2005 (64-bit) is not bound by the memory limits of 32-bit systems. Therefore, more memory is available for performing complex queries and supporting essential database operations. The 64-bit processor provides enhanced parallelism, thereby providing more linear scalability and support for up to 64 processors, and yielding stronger returns per processor as compared to 32-bit systems.The improved bus architecture enhances performance by moving more data between cache and processors in shorter periods.A larger on-die cache allows for faster completion of user requests and more efficient use of processor time. MicrosoftMicrosoftAdvantages of 64-bit environmentMemory addressabilityLarger numbers of processors and more linear scalability per processorEnhanced bus architecture MicrosoftMicrosoftMemory addressabilityA 32-bit system can directly address only a 4-GB address space. Additional memory is indirectly accessible by using Address Windowing Extensions (AWE) on 32-bit platforms, as described in a later section. Windows Server 2003 SP1 running on the Intel Itanium 64-bit architecture supports up to 1,024 gigabytes of both physical and addressable memory. MicrosoftMicrosoftLarger numbers of processors and more linear scalability per processorImprovements in parallel processing and bus architectures enable 64-bit platforms to support larger numbers of processors (up to 64) while providing close to linear scalability with each additional processor. With a larger number of processors, SQL Server can support more processes, applications, and users in a single system. Server platforms that offer more than 32 CPUs are available exclusively on 64-bit architecture. The highest TPC-C benchmark figures for SQL Server have been achieved on 64-bit systems because these systems leverage both large amounts of memory and the superior scaling of 64-bit processors on the 64-bit architecture. MicrosoftMicrosoftEnhanced bus architectureThe bus architecture on current 64-bit chipsets is faster and wider than earlier generations. More data is passed to the cache and processor; this is somewhat analogous to the improvement that broadband connections offer over dial-up connections. [...]... Terraserver – (3+ TB) Astronomy: SkyServer – (~1TB 5TB) What is 64-bit SQL Server? Same codebase as SQL Server All pointer types are now 64 bit Flat memory addressing to 512GB of RAM 64-way HP, 32-way NEC, 16-way Unisys Until very recently MSFT held fastest TPC number Easy Database Migration & Integration Does NOT require AWE support, massive cache useable by all components of SQL: ... components of SQL: Stored proc, OLAP, sort area… etc Massive Scale-up support Good news: Lots of virtual memory Bad news: Control structures bigger Detach/Attach, Log shipping, Replication etc 8-node Fail-over clustering support Microsoft Compatibility Maintains T -SQL code-compatibility with SQL Server 32-bit releases Same SQL Server 2000 code base plus service pack fixes and performance... Thinktime SQL comp/sec (32) CPU% (32) 5sec CPU% and SQL compilations/sec versus think time Example: Large-Scale OLTP Migration Large US Escrow / Title company Microsoft Document management, title and tax processing High-volume, complex transactions and searches Refinance boom had stressed their 32-way 32-bit servers to over 70% CPU at peak Migrated OLTP from 32-way 32-bit to 32-way 64-bit... applications when connecting to a 64-bit backend versus a 32-bit backend Supported Clients Microsoft SQL Server 2005 (64-bit) is optimized to run on servers using Intel Itanium 2, AMD Opteron, AMD Athlon 64, Intel Xeon with EM64T support, or Intel Pentium IV with EM64T support processors 64-bit gaps Some non-engine SQL components are not currently supported on 64-bit: Graphical Admin... diverse OLTP Large-Scale OLAP Simultaneous queries with large table joins 64-Bit Winning Scenarios - 2 Massive Scale-up Scenarios Workloads leveraging large SQL Buffer Cache Microsoft More linear scalability beyond 8-way, and especially beyond 16way Server Consolidation OLTP with large working sets Relational Data Warehouses 64-bit eliminates performance overhead of AWE, the 32-bit largememory... Bulk Insert Throughput 16-way Unisys Cassin (Itanium II – 1Ghz) and16-way Unisys ES7000 (1.6Ghz Xeon) both with 64GB of RAM 32-bit vs 64-bit BULK INSERT Throughput Bulk Load Throughput (MB/sec) 80 70 60 50 32-bit ES7000 64-bit CASSIN 40 30 20 10 0 0 Microsoft 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Number of BULK INSERT streams 16 18 Example: Eliminate AWE 16-way Unisys Cassin (Itanium II – 1Ghz) and 16-way Unisys ES7000 (1.6Ghz... of RAM (16GB to SQL) Table Tot Rows Data Size(MB) Index Size (MB) 48,223,600 6,188.32 2,781.53 CUSTOMER 121,303 14.18 4.14 PAYMENT 130 ,414 11.52 3.21 48,475,317 6,214.02 2,788.88 ORDERS TOTAL Re-select data which is already memory-resident 64-bit Faster by 64 bit CPU’s CPU Time Elapsed Time CPU Time 32 bit Elapsed Time CPU Time Elapsed Time 16-way 36,120 2,994 2.07 1.87 74,905 5,601 4-way 30,470 7,931... improvement of 1.5Ghz Itanium II vs 1Ghz Xeon 64-bit Caveats Non-winners: Workloads on 4-way servers or smaller that are not under memory pressure E.g 3+ Ghz Xeon architectures will often outperform Itanium II at 1.5 Mhz when virtual memory is not under pressure Beware the oversell: Microsoft 64 Bit ≠ 2x performance of 32 bit 4-way Itanium II ≠ 8-way Xeon 64-bit Caveats Microsoft Extended... Services SQL Mail English query These require a 32-bit supporting instance to host Microsoft 64-Bit Winning Scenarios Workloads stressing Virtual Memory Limited to 3GB on 32-bit, regardless of AWE Applications that stress Examples: Microsoft Procedure cache and cursor memory Sort, index and hash table memory Connection memory Analysis Services memory Server Consolidation High-Volume,... level – 3 Million key customers Migrated to 64-bit allowed support of the full customer dimension Memory also speeded data load and aggregation time by factor of 10 Expanded size of customer dimension to 4.5 M Microsoft Good SQL Server 64-Bit Candidates Large working set size (BP) – 6-8 GB+ Large scale OLAP Large number of dimension members Large-scale parallel processing Complex queries . poolsT -SQL code-compatibility with SQL Server T -SQL code-compatibility with SQL Server 200020008 node clustering support8 node clustering supportSame on-disk. available to SQL available to SQL ServerServerSQL Server 2000 – 32bit SQL Server 2000 – 32bit running on a Xeon Serverrunning on a Xeon ServerVirtual