320 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests soaking it in salt water for several days, and then there is no adverse effect. The tassel-like object hanging from the eyes is, in fact, a certain type of parasite called a copepod that regularly attaches itself to the cornea of Greenland Sharks, severely dam- aging their eyesight. The three-inch inverte- brate exhibits two claw-like appendages that hook on to the cornea. A scar is created where the copepod latches on and where it moves back and forth across the eye. This is what results in the milky eyes. Unbelievably, the shark still appears to see through the fog- giness and the annoying copepod hanging in front of the cornea, although its sight does not appear to be that important. Naturally, it has a keen sense of smell to make up for the lack of sight. 31. The word eluded in the first sentence is closest in meaning to A. undergone. B. escaped. C. met. D. fulfilled. 32. The word frigid in the second sentence is closest in meaning to A. freezing. B. deep. C. warm. D. food-filled. 33. The word ghoulish in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to A. ghastly. B. huge. C. gray. D. slow. 34. The word blotched in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to A. dark. B. rough. C. spotted. D. leathery. 35. The word tassel in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to A. decoration. B. amoeba. C. eyelid. D. tongue. 36. The word them in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to A. eyes. B. sharks. C. mouths. D. tassel. 37. The author implies that instead of losing a tooth, the Greenland shark A. loses an entire set at once. B. retains all its teeth for life. C. loses two at a time. D. can regenerate a broken tooth like the tail of a lizard. For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 321 Practice Test 6 Section 3 Reading 38. The author implies that due to the extremely cold water, A. the shark does not live long. B. it has been difficult to observe the shark to any great degree. C. the shark hibernates. D. the sharks only move around in daylight. 39. The word lethargic in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to A. sluggish. B. energetic. C. angry. D. violent. 40. The author implies in paragraph two that carrion is A. dead animal flesh. B. a bacteria. C. a Greenland Shark. D. a tooth. 41. The author indicates that the Greenland Shark’s flesh contains A. tasty meat. B. a material that causes intoxication. C. an amoeba. D. more fat than that of other sharks. 42. The word they in the third paragraph refers to A. researchers. B. dogs. C. sharks. D. parasites. 43. The passage indicates in the last paragraph that a copepod is A. a type of shark. B. a type of dog. C. a type of parasite. D. a researcher. 44. The word scar in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to A. disfigurement. B. cornea. C. copepod. D. shark. 45. Which two words from the last paragraph mean the same as cloudiness? A.eye B. milky C. fogginess D. copepod STOP For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 322 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests Writing Section Time: 30 Minutes 1 Question Directions: This section measures your ability to write in English, including your ability to or- ganize ideas, create an essay in standard written English, and support the thoughts with suffi- cient examples and evidence. Write an essay in 30 minutes. You may make notes on a separate piece of paper, and then type or handwrite the essay. Do companies have an obligation to their employees to protect their jobs even when businesses merge or are sold? Use specific reasons and examples to support your stance. STOP For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 323 ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS Practice Test 1 Listening Section Part A 1. D: She has continued to try to find a university that will accept her. 2. C: Take Professor Stafford’s class. 3. D: Purchase the computer she first suggested. 4. B: He believes he can build the fence without waiting. 5. B: She is unhappy with what her advisor suggested. 6. B: The computer she is considering has fallen out of favor. 7. A: He has not exercised and his body shows it. 8. C: Preserved human remains. 9. A: She believes the salesman paid no attention to her. 10. B: Renewing her driver’s license. 11. C: That he cannot stay in his house for a while after he sells it. 12. D: She got a new job, so she can’t go on her trip. 13. B: She is going to take some time off. 14. A: He is sorry they upgraded the software because it caused another problem. 15. D: Put one book on the shelf and get an encyclopedia. Part B 16. B: The woman’s grandmother and how to handle a progressive illness. 17. A: To assess her mental capacity. 18. D: She forgets things, like when to turn off the stove. 19. B: Bankruptcy. For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 20. C and D: Give the agent authority to sign documents and Assign the right to make decisions. 21. B: Sign her up for a day-care program. 22. D: A guardianship will be required if the grandmother has lost her capacity. 23. C: A plant that grows over a two-year period, alternating between producing plants and seeds. 24. B: In France and England. 25. C: Appearance. 26. A: Loose leaves and soft heads. 27. A: Kale and collard greens. 28. B: Lightweight and compact. 29. C: Thermal cameras. 30. A: The prisoners were not mistreated. 31. C: The site lies beneath the site of the war. 32. D: Locating distant planets. 33. A: That she would be in a new building. 34. C: The air conditioning is insufficient. 35. A: Bananas ripen too quickly. Structure Section 1. A: has cast. The expression a number of is a plural concept and is always used with a plural verb, a number of voters have cast. 2. B: intends. The noun after nor controls the verb. Any other faculty member is a singular idea. 3. B: others. Other is an adjective in this sentence, modifying the noun classes. Therefore, it cannot be plural: other classes. You will also notice that the ini- tial clause is dependent, which means that the second clause must have a sub- ject and a verb. In this case, the second clause does have both: At least several classes are . . . . 4. A: one of the. The expression is cardinal number + of + the + (adjective) + noun: one of the most dangerous bacteria. 5. B: probably be. After the modal would, the verb must appear in the simple form. The adverb probably must be used instead of the adjective probable be- cause it is modifying the verb would be. 324 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 6. A: this. The pronoun modifies varsity athletes, which is plural. The correct form would be these. 7. A: ninety-story-tall. When a noun is used in an expression like this, the whole expression becomes an adjective. The noun being modified is building. The word story is singular because it is part of the adjective. 8. A: operate. Because you are given had been, the form is past perfect progres- sive, so you must use the verb+ing, operating. Or it could be viewed as a pas- sive voice sentence, had been operated. 9. B: the largest of which. The relative pronoun which refers to three rooms. The first answer choice is incorrect because you use a comparative when there are two of something and a superlative when there are three of something in a se- ries. Also, you need a definite article. The other two answers cause the sen- tence to be incomplete. 10. C: removing. After the phrase required that, which is the subjunctive, the verb must be in the simple form. Here the first verb in the series is in the sim- ple form (take), and this verb must also be in the simple form (remove). 11. A: as much. The comparison rule is as + adjective + as. Here, the second as appears later in the sentence. The comparative more goes with than and can- not be preceded by as. Revenues looks like a count noun, but it is a non- countable idea, and that is why the preposition in precedes the clause it is in. 12. D: another. The subject is plural, people. The pronoun that refers to people must also be plural, others. Notice that the word preparing is correct because it is the object of enjoy. 13. D: Had it prepared. This means the same as if it had prepared. The first an- swer choice is incorrect because the verb cannot be in present tense with a contrary to fact condition, and you know it is contrary to fact because of the verb phrase would have been. The second answer choice is incorrect because it has no subject, and the third answer choice is also used for present tense. 14. C: were. News is a non-count noun in American English. The verb form must be was. 15. D: the meeting was. In an embedded question, you reverse the sentence order after the question word. A question would be Why was the meeting post- poned? But in an embedded question, it is . . . why the meeting was post- poned. The first answer is not correct because the sentence must be in the passive voice to make sense. A meeting does not act; it receives an action. The third answer is not correct because you cannot have did, which is an aux- iliary showing tense, with the main verb also showing the tense. The main verb is postponed, so it cannot appear with did. 16. C: universal. It must be an adverb, universally, because it modifies the adjec- tive understood. 325 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 17. C: as or better than that. This combines two phrases, an equal comparison and a comparative. It also tests an illogical comparison idea. Equal compar- isons are shown by as + adjective + as. Comparatives are shown as adjective + -er + than. Both are present here. You cannot close the idea with either as or than. They both must appear. Also, the idea of a logical comparison is that you must compare two things of the same type. Here the intention is to com- pare the curriculum in the two types of schools. If you compare the curricu- lum at public schools with private schools, it is not logical, because you are comparing curriculum with private schools. You use that of as the pronoun for the curriculum. 18. A: never. The word hardly is one of the negative concept words that cannot appear with another negative. It would be correct to say hardly ever. 19. B: requirement. The first clause of the sentence contains a reduced relative clause, from a passive structure. The word raised is not a conjugated verb. It is the result of the reduction of children who are raised. So the noun require- ment is incorrect because a verb is needed, require. 20. B: it developed. The sentence begins with a participial phrase. The under- stood subject of the participial phrase is a private university. Therefore, it must appear right after the comma, in this case as a pronoun, it. Because every sentence must have a conjugated verb and there is no other verb in the sentence, the answer must contain the conjugated verb, developed. 21. C: difficulty. The answer needs to be an adjective (difficult), not a noun. 22. B: in. One can say in a car, in the car, or by car. 23. A: the sooner treatment must be begun. A double comparative has the same structure in both clauses. Reading Section 1. A: springtime. The sentence states A vernal or springtime pool. . ., which in- dicates that vernal and springtime mean the same thing. 2. B: To describe how the vernal pool fits into the larger environmental picture. 3. A: produces. 4. A: distinct. Diverse means “different.” 5. C: living being. The sentence states: Like all of nature, there are predators and victims, and a particular living being may be one or the other, depending on its age and characteristics. 6. B: Like all of nature, there are predators and victims, and a particular living being may be one or the other, depending on its age and characteristics. This sentence means that something that lives in the pond may sometimes kill older or younger victims and may sometimes be a victim itself. 326 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 7. D: Other amphibians and reptiles return to the recurrent pond year after year to reproduce, as their ancestors have done for years. 8. B: cloudy. This means the same as “not clear.” 9. C: forms of algae. 10. B: Some of the life forms live in water first and later on land. The sentence states that the forms of algae produce and transmit oxygen to the salamander embryos and other young that are not yet able to survive outside of water. By saying that the embryos and other young are not yet able means that at some time they will be able to survive outside of water. 11. B: recurring. 12. A: reducing. Generally the word means “avoiding” or “making not neces- sary.” Here, the closest definition is reducing. 13. C: cold dissolves blood clots. Applying cold has certain benefits, but nowhere is it stated that it dissolves the blood clots. 14. A: A blood clot sticking in an area of the brain. 15. A: shaking. To shiver is to shake with cold. 16. B: cells die only as a direct result of the stroke. This is really the opposite of the first answer choice, which is the correct statement. 17. C: A new method of cooling the body to reduce stroke damage that is being researched. B is incorrect because it refers to use of drugs. 18. A: considerable. Both words mean “to a great degree.” 19. A: the internal chilling process has not been proven yet. The other answer choices are statements made in the reading passage. 20. B: show that cooling a body does not necessarily harm it. 21. C: the artery in the leg connects to the vena cava. The passage indicates that the catheter is inserted only to the vena cava. 22. D: the doctor moves the catheter slowly through the artery to the vena cava. The author explains that the catheter is inserted in the groin area and moved to the vena cava area. Threaded just means moved slowly along the vein to- wards the destination. 23. A: the body becoming cold. Hypothermia means the condition of the body when exposed to extreme cold. 24. C: talk to the patient. 25. C: The Honeybee — Its Characteristics and Usefulness. A is too broad and the B and D too narrow. 26. B: varieties. 27. B: flowers. 28. B: concurrently, which means happening at the same time. 327 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 29. B: a nest. The passage states: Bees live in a structured environment and so- cial structure within a hive, which is a nest with storage space for the honey. 30. B: mates with the queen and has no other purpose. The author states: The male honeybees are called drones . . . their only job is to impregnate a queen. 31. D: drones are never females. Drones impregnate the queen, so they must be male. 32. D: workers. This is clearly stated in the passage in the sentence: The worker bee carries nectar to the hive in a special stomach called a honey stomach. 33. A: They pollinate fruit and vegetable plants. The reading passage states that when bees carry pollen from one plant to the next, they fertilize the flowers. 34. B: it is made of honey. The author states the honeycomb is made of wax, has six-sided compartments, and is waterproof. 35. D: Antarctica. The first sentence of the passage states that bees can be found in every part of the world except the northernmost and southernmost areas. 36. B: pliable. The passage states that workers make beeswax and shape it into a honeycomb. If it can be shaped, it is pliable, or easy to mold. 37. A: a hormone. The second sentence of paragraph one states: A polypeptide hormone, insulin is synthesized . . . . The sentence begins with an appositive, and the phrase following it refers to the same subject. 38. A: eliminated. This means that sugar leaves the body through the urine. 39. B: formerly. Previously and formerly mean the same thing. 40. A: insulin. 41. A: in the pancreas. The passage states that the pancreas is the site of insulin production. 42. D: slow. 43. A: severely overweight. 44. B: An Overview of Diabetes. The other answers are too particular, whereas the article is general in nature. 45. B: the symptoms and treatment are different. The other answer choices do not show why the author makes a distinction between the two types. 46. C: Type 2 results from a lack of secretion of insulin. This is not a correct statement because that is the description of Type 1 diabetes. The passage states that Type 2 results from sluggish . . . insulin secretion, not a lack of secretion. 47. B: Type 1 sufferers are generally not overweight. The passage indicates that Type 2 sufferers are often obese, but it does not mention obesity in regard to Type 1 patients. 328 Part IV: Putting It All Together: Practice Tests For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Writing Section Have your essay scored by a writing instructor or submit it to my Essay Grading Service, which is described in the “How to Use This Book” section. The scoring criteria appear at the beginning of the “Writing” chapter in Part III. Practice Test 2 Listening Section Part A 1. B: An error was probably made in figuring the employee cost. 2. B: His boss paid his way. 3. A: He thinks somebody broke the machine and kept quiet about it. 4. D: An announcement about the new administrator was made the previous day. 5. B: Change to Ms. Nelson’s class. 6. D: He wanted to see more than he was able to see. 7. B: They ran into the house the moment they arrived. 8. B: Eat dinner and then go to the library with him. 9. D: She is unable to go. 10. B: She is too ill to continue working so hard. 11. B: He is requiring extra projects that the students were not expecting. 12. B: Advise her if she makes an error. 13. A: Go to see a doctor. 14. A: She formerly lived on 34th Street. 15. B: Call him when she is awake. Part B 16. B: A computer program. 17. B: Write the procedure. 18. A: Take notes. 19. B: Yes, because he wrote down the procedure. 20. B: He died before the age of 30. 21. A: He lived dangerously. 329 Answers and Explanations For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org . has six-sided compartments, and is waterproof. 35. D: Antarctica. The first sentence of the passage states that bees can be found in every part of the world. Use This Book section. The scoring criteria appear at the beginning of the “Writing” chapter in Part III. Practice Test 2 Listening Section Part A 1.