Mobile TV: DVB-H, DMB, 3G Systems and Rich Media Applications Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page i This page intentionally left blank Mobile TV: DVB-H, DMB, 3G Systems and Rich Media Applications Amitabh Kumar AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page iii Acquisitions Editor: Angelina Ward Series Editor: S. Merrill Weiss Publishing Services Manager: George Morrison Project Manager: Mónica González de Mendoza Assistant Editor: Doug Shults Marketing Manager: Christine Degon Veroulis Cover Design: Eric DeCicco Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK Copyright © 2007, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, E-mail: permissions@elsevier.com. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier.com), by selecting “Support & Contact” then “Copyright and Permission” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, Elsevier prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Application submitted. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 13: 978-0-240-80946-5 ISBN 10: 0-240-80946-7 For information on all Focal Press publications visit our website at www.books.elsevier.com 07 08 09 10 11 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America ϱ Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page iv DEDICATION This book is dedicated to my father. Take up one idea. Make that one idea your life—think of it, dream of it, live on it. Let your brain, muscles, nerves, every part of your body, be full of that idea, and just leave every other idea alone. —Swami Vivekananda Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page v This page intentionally left blank TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction xiii Mobile TV—A Prologue xxi PART I: OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES 1 Chapter 1: About Mobile TV 3 1.1 Mobile TV: A New Reality 5 1.2 What Is Mobile TV? 5 1.3 How Is Mobile TV Different from Ordinary Terrestrial or Satellite TV? 6 1.4 What Else Is Different about Mobile TV? 7 1.5 Standards for Mobile TV 8 1.6 Resources for Delivering Mobile TV 9 1.7 The Mobile TV Community 10 1.8 New Growth Areas for Mobile TV 10 1.9 Is Mobile TV Really Important? 11 Chapter 2: Introduction to Digital Multimedia 13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Picture 14 2.3 Video 22 2.4 Television Transmission Standards 27 2.5 Analog Signal Formats 28 2.6 Digital Video Formats 29 2.7 Video Bit Rate Reduction 33 2.8 MPEG Compression 37 2.9 Compression Standards 40 2.10 H.264/AVC (MPEG-4 Part 10) 46 2.11 Video File Formats 49 2.12 Audio Coding 51 2.13 Audio Compression 54 2.14 Summary and File Formats 60 vii Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page vii Chapter 3: Introduction to Streaming and Mobile Multimedia 63 3.1 What Is Mobile Multimedia? 63 3.2 Streaming 65 3.3 Streaming Players and Servers 70 3.4 Rich Media—Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language 73 3.5 Mobile Multimedia 77 3.6 Information Transmission over 3G Networks 81 3.7 File Formats for Mobile Multimedia 82 3.8 File Formats for 3GPP and 3GPP2 88 3.9 Creating and Delivering 3GPP and 3GPP2 Content 90 3.10 Rich Media and 3GPP 91 3.11 Messaging Applications in 3GPP 91 3.12 Examples of Mobile Networks Using 3GPP Content 92 3.13 Multimedia Formats for “Broadcast Mode” Mobile TV Networks 93 3.14 Graphics and Animations in the Mobile Environment 93 3.15 Application Standards and Open Mobile Alliance 97 3.16 Summary of File Formats Used in Mobile Multimedia 98 Chapter 4: Overview of Cellular Mobile Networks 99 4.1 Introduction 99 4.2 Cellular Mobile Services—A Brief History 100 4.3 2.5G Technologies: GPRS 105 4.4 EDGE Networks 106 4.5 CDMA Technologies 106 4.6 Handling Data and Multimedia Applications over Mobile Networks 109 4.7 3G Networks and Data Transmission 113 4.8 Mobile Networks—A Few Country-Specific Examples 116 4.9 3G Networks 120 Chapter 5: Overview of Technologies for Mobile TV 123 5.1 Why New Technologies for Mobile TV? 123 5.2 What Does a Mobile TV Service Require? 126 5.3 Mobile TV Services on Cellular Networks 126 5.4 Digital TV Broadcast Networks 127 5.5 Digital Audio Broadcasting and Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 129 5.6 Mobile TV Broadcast Using Digital Multimedia Broadcast Terrestrial Technologies (T-DMB) 130 5.7 Broadcast and Unicast Technologies for Mobile TV 130 5.8 Broadcast Mobile TV and Interactivity 132 5.9 Overview of Technologies 133 5.10 Mobile TV Using 3G Platforms 137 5.11 Mobile TV Services Using Terrestrial Transmission 145 5.12 Terrestrial Broadcasting Technologies for Mobile TV 149 5.13 Overview of DVB-H Services 150 5.14 Mobile TV Using DMB Technologies 152 5.15 MediaFLO Mobile TV Service 161 5.16 DAB-IP Services for Mobile TV 165 5.17 Mobile TV Using ISDB-T Services 165 viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page viii 5.18 Mobile TV Using WiMAX Technologies 167 5.19 Comparison of Mobile TV Services 169 5.20 Mobile Services Using 3G (UMTS/WCDMA/CDMA2000) 169 5.21 Mobile Services Using DVB-H Technology 170 5.22 Outlook for Mobile TV Services 171 PART II: TECHNOLOGIES FOR MOBILE TV AND MULTIMEDIA BROADCASTING 175 Chapter 6: Mobile TV Using 3G Technologies 177 6.1 Introduction 177 6.2 What Are TV Services over Mobile Networks? 179 6.3 Overview of Cellular Network Capabilities for Carrying Mobile TV 181 6.4 Standardization for Carriage of Multimedia over 3G Networks 188 6.5 Mobile TV Streaming Using 3GPP Standards— Packet-Switched Streaming Service 190 6.6 Universal Mobile Telecommunication System 194 6.7 Data Rate Capabilities of WCDMA Networks 201 6.8 HSDPA Networks 205 6.9 Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service 207 6.10 Mobile TV Services Based on CDMA Networks 209 6.11 Wi-Fi Mobile TV Delivery Extensions 214 6.12 Broadcasting to 3GPP Networks 214 6.13 A Typical 3GPP Headend for Mobile TV 216 Chapter 7: Mobile TV Services Using DVB-H Technologies 217 7.1 Introduction: Digital Video Broadcasting to Handhelds 217 7.2 Why DVB-H? 218 7.3 How Does DVB-H Work? 219 7.4 Technology of DVB-H 222 7.5 DVB-H IP Datacasting 227 7.6 Network Architecture 228 7.7 DVB-H Transmission 229 7.8 DVB-H Transmitter Networks 230 7.9 Terminals and Handheld Units 233 7.10 DVB-H Implementation Profiles 233 7.11 Open-Air Interface 236 7.12 Electronic Service Guide in DVB-H 237 7.13 DVB-H Pilot Projects and Commercial Launches 238 7.14 Example of a DVB-H Transmission System for Mobile TV 240 Chapter 8: Mobile TV Using Digital Multimedia Broadcast (DMB) Services 245 8.1 Introduction to DMB Services 245 8.2 A Brief Overview of DAB Services 246 8.3 How Is the DAB Structure Modified for DMB Services? 247 8.4 Satellite and Terrestrial DMB Services 251 8.5 DMB Services in Korea 252 8.6 DMB Services Ground Segment 259 8.7 S-DMB System Specifications 260 8.8 DMB Trials and Service Launches 260 TABLE OF CONTENTS ix Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page ix [...]... and TV 357 Chapter 13: Handsets for Mobile TV and Multimedia Services 359 13.1 Introduction: Handset Functionalities for a Multimedia and Mobile TV Phone 359 13.2 Handset Features for Rich Multimedia Experience 360 13.3 Features of Multimedia Phones 361 13.4 Mobile Phone Architecture 364 13.5 Handling Video, Audio, and Rich Media: Media Processors 13.6 Handsets and Features for 3G Services 369 337 367... for mobile TV and multimedia are briefly covered, including 3G, DVB-H, DMB, MediaFLO, 1SEGISDB-T, and WiMAX Chapter 6 is a detailed presentation of mobile TV using 3G cellular network technologies The chapter discusses the protocols for 3G network-based services such as video streaming, video calling, and media downloads It discusses both 3G- UMTS networks and 3G- CDMA networks, such as CDMA2000 and. .. digital multimedia, with special emphasis on the display resolutions, file formats, and video and audio compression techniques for mobile applications (MPEG-4, H.264, AMR, AACplus) Chapter 3 gives an overview of the streaming technologies and mobile multimedia This includes the file formats, protocols, and video and audio coding standards as standardized by the 3GPP and 3GPP2 for use on mobile networks... DAB, DVB-H, DMB, and 3G based multimedia phones Chapter 12 presents a detailed discussion on the operating systems and software used in mobile phones The roles of the operating system, middleware, and application software are discussed along with implementation examples Symbian, Linux, Windows Mobile, BREW, and Palm OS are briefly discussed Chapter 13 is devoted to handsets for mobile TV and multimedia... TV and Multimedia Phones 333 12.1 Introduction—Software Structure on Mobile Phones 333 12.2 Software Organization in Mobile Phones 335 12.3 Why Is the Operating System Important in Mobile Phones? 12.4 Common Operating Systems for Mobile Devices 339 12.5 Middleware in Mobile Phones 349 12.6 Applications Software Functionalities for Mobile Multimedia 353 12.7 Integrating Mobile Office with Multimedia and. .. Requirements for Mobile TV Services 286 10.3 Which Bands Are Most Suitable for Mobile TV? 289 10.4 Mobile TV Spectrum 292 10.5 Country-Specific Allocation and Policies 299 10.6 Spectrum Allocation for Wireless Broadband Services 10.7 Will Mobile TV Be Spectrum Constrained? 308 306 PART III: MULTIMEDIA HANDSETS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES 309 Chapter 11: Chip Sets for Mobile TV and Multimedia Applications. .. and operating systems going into the mobile sets and making advanced applications possible Software enhancements possible through middleware and interactive applications are also discussed briefly Mobile handsets present the most visible facet of the cellular mobile industry Continued growth of mobile services has spawned a host of ancillary applications such as FM radio, media downloads, picture and. .. spectrum requirements for mobile TV and multimedia services and how such requirements are being fulfilled International allocations for various services such as 3G- UMTS, DVB-T and DVB-H, and digital audio broadcasting as well as the emerging networks of WiMAX are discussed Chapter 11 is devoted to chip sets for mobile TV and multimedia phones It covers the chip sets and reference designs and specifically the... design audio and video content for the mobiles; the broadcasting and the cellular mobile industries, to prepare the transmissions systems for handling of mobile TV; and many others 1 ABOUT MOBILE TV 9 The change, which became abundantly clear with the advent of mobile phones, had been in the air for quite some time Mobile phones are no longer “phones,” but are multimedia devices for receiving and creating... 13.15 Handsets for DVB-H Services 372 DMB Multimedia Phones 372 Multinetwork and Multistandard Phones 373 Phones for WiMAX and WiBro Technologies 373 Hard-Disk Mobile Phones 374 Integrating Phone Features Wi-LAN and Bluetooth 375 Can the Handsets Be Upgraded with Technology? 375 Summary 375 Appendix: Nokia N90 Technical Specifications 376 PART IV: CONTENT AND SERVICES ON MOBILE TV AND MULTIMEDIA NETWORKS . Mobile TV: DVB-H, DMB, 3G Systems and Rich Media Applications Prelims-K80946.qxd 7/12/07 9:23 AM Page i This page intentionally left blank Mobile TV:. Creating and Delivering 3GPP and 3GPP2 Content 90 3.10 Rich Media and 3GPP 91 3.11 Messaging Applications in 3GPP 91 3.12 Examples of Mobile Networks Using 3GPP