Windows Server 2003 DNS 安裝設定與管理維護 林寶森 jeffl@ms11.hinet.net What Is a Domain Namespace? Root Domain Top-Level Domain net org nwtraders Second-Level Domain Subdomains com west FQDN: server1.sales.south.nwtraders.com south sales east Host: server1 Overview of the DNS Query Process Query QueryTypes Types Iterative IterativeQuery Query The TheDNS DNSserver serverreturns returnsthe thebest bestanswer answerthat thatititcan can provide providewithout withouthelp helpfrom fromother otherservers servers Recursive RecursiveQuery Query The TheDNS DNSserver serverreturns returnsaacomplete completeanswer answerto tothe the query, query,not notaapointer pointerto toanother anotherDNS DNSserver server Lookup LookupTypes Types Forward ForwardLookup Lookup Requires Requiresname-to-address name-to-addressresolution resolution Reverse ReverseLookup Lookup Requires Requiresaddress-to-name address-to-nameresolution resolution How Recursive Queries Work A recursive query is a query made to a DNS server, in which the DNS client asks the DNS server to provide a complete answer to the query DNS server checks the forward lookup zone and cache for an answer to the query Recursive query for mail1.nwtraders.com 172.16.64.11 Computer1 Database Local DNS Server How Iterative Queries Work An iterative query is a query made to a DNS server in which the DNS client requests the best answer that the DNS server can provide without seeking further help from other DNS servers The result of an iterative query is often a referral to another DNS server lower in the DNS tree Iterative Query Rec mai ursive l1.n wtra query f ders or com 172 16 64.1 Local DNS Server Computer1 Ask com Iterative Query Ask nw traders com Itera tive Que Auth ry orita tive R espo nse Root Hint (.) com nwtraders.com How Root Hint Works Root hints are DNS resource records stored on a DNS server that list the IP addresses for the DNS root servers Corp or ISP DNS Servers InterNIC Root (.) Servers Root Hints Local DNS Server Computer1 com microsoft How Forwarders Work A forwarder is a DNS server designated by other internal DNS servers to forward queries for resolving external or offsite DNS domain names Iterative Query Re cur siv eQ ue ry 172 16 64 11 Forwarder 172.1 Local DNS Server 64.11 Recu r mail1 sive query nwtr aders for com Ask com Iterative Q Root Hint (.) uery Ask nw traders com com Itera tive Que Auth ry orita tive R espo n se nwtraders.com Computer1 What Is a DNS Zone? Nwtraders South North West Sales Support Training What Are DNS Zone Types? Zones Read/Write Description Read/write copy of a DNS database Primary Read-Only Read-only copy of a DNS database Secondary Copy of limited records Stub Copy of a zone containing limited records Selecting Zone Data Location Standard Zones Change Zone Transfer Primary Zone Active Directory Integrated Zones Change Change Secondary Zone Zone Transfer Change Configuring AD Integrated Zones • Active Directory Integrated Zone Data Is – Stored as an Active Directory object – Replicated as part of domain replication Active Directory Integrated Zone Active Active Directory Directory contoso.com DNS Server What Are Directory Partitions? Contains: Definitions and rules for creating and manipulating objects and attributes Forest Schema Information about the Active Directory structure Configuration Domain Configurable replication Active Directory Database Information about domainspecific objects Information about applications Selecting a Partition Forest Application Domain Application Domain Partition Configuring Dynamic Updates • DNS Dynamic Update Protocol – Allows clients to automatically update DNS servers – Can be used in conjunction with DHCP Request Requestfor forIPIPaddress address Assign AssignIPIPaddress address ofof192.168.120.133 192.168.120.133 Windows Windowsclient client updates updatesforward forward resource resourcerecord record on onDNS DNSserver server Computer1 192.168.120.133 DNS Server Zone Database DHCP Server DHCP DHCPupdates updatesreverse reverse resource resourcerecord recordfor for Windows Windows2000, 2000,XP XPand and 2003 2003clients clientsand andboth both resource resourcerecords recordsfor for other otherclients clients ... address ofof192 .16 8 .12 0 .13 3 19 2 .16 8 .12 0 .13 3 Windows Windowsclient client updates updatesforward forward resource resourcerecord record on onDNS DNSserver server Computer1 19 2 .16 8 .12 0 .13 3 DNS Server. .. a DNS server designated by other internal DNS servers to forward queries for resolving external or offsite DNS domain names Iterative Query Re cur siv eQ ue ry 17 2 16 64 11 Forwarder 17 2 .1 Local... query Recursive query for mail1.nwtraders.com 17 2 .16 .64 .11 Computer1 Database Local DNS Server How Iterative Queries Work An iterative query is a query made to a DNS server in which the DNS client