131 (B) provided (C) which provided (D) providing that D 多 that 10.Earthquakes can damage a tree _____ violently, and it can take several years for the tree to heal. (A) to cause shaking (B) when shaking it causes (C) by causing it to shake (D) to cause to shake it 11._____ bacteria in foods are killed, as they are during baking or stewing, decay is slowed down. (A) What (B) The (C) If (D) So 12.The colors and patterns of the wings of butterflies and moths help _____ the organism against predators. (A) protect (B) being protected (C) protecting (D) protection of 13.In 1993 the Library of Congress appointed author Rita Dove _____ of the United States. (A) as was poet laureate (B) was poet laureate (C) poet laureate (D) and poet laureate 14.At the South Pole _____, the coldest and most desolate region on Earth. (A) Antarctica lies where (B) Where Antarctica lies (C) Antarctica lies and (D) Lies Antarctica 15.Tornados, powerful, destructive wind storms, occur most often in the spring when hot winds _____ over flat land encounter heavy cold air. (A) which to rise. (B) that rising (C) are rising (D) rising 16.Many exercises such as calisthenics, running, or to swim involve producing muscle tension through a range of movements that are called isotonics. 17.Intelligence, education, and experience all helps shape management style. 18. The basic elements of public-opinion research are interviewers, questionnaires, tabulating equipment, and to sample population. 132 19. Conservation organizations help for to preserve the ecology of an area by keeping track of endangered species. 20. Gwendolyn Brooks, which won a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1950, had 75 poems published by the time she was twenty. 21. O Halifax is largest city and chief port of Nova Scotia and is the eastern terminus of Canada‘s two great railway systems. 22.T. S. Eliot received wide recognition after publishes The Waste Land, which fused poetic traditions with elements of modern music and language. 23. Numerous types of cells, such as skin cells and white blood cells, have the power reproduce asexually. 24. The knee is more likely to be damage than most other joints because it is subject to tremendous forces during vigorous activity. 25.Although ferns lack flowers, they do have leaves, stems, and root. 26. Crazy Horse is generally recognized for his courageous and skill, and he was revered by the Sioux as their greatest leader. 27. In medicine, certain plastics have important uses because they do not affected by chemicals in the body, and they do not harm the body. 28. Since a hospital is organized to protect and treat people who are ill, its goals, structures, and functions depend on the currently state of medical science. 29. A change in direction of the monsoon winds result from the differences between the heating or cooling of landmasses and that of oceans. 30. Small distinctions among stamps, unimportant to the person average, would mean a great deal to the stamp collector. 133 31. Members of a nation‘s foreign service represent that country‘s interests abroad and report on the conditions, trends, and policies of the country which they are stationed. 32. Abraham Lincoln‘s boyhood home resembled those of many others mid-western pioneers, with its dirt floor, sleeping loft, and crude fireplace. 33. Dwelling primarily in the ice northern polar seas, beluga whales are characteristically small, white, agile, and elusive. 34.There is evidence that the caribou originated into North America and crossed over al land bridge into Asia and evolved into the Old World‘s reindeer. 35.The bold way in which Margaret Mead defined the terms ―family‖ - based as much on choice as on biological relationship - is possibly the most enduring of her legacies. 36. The planet Mars is a freezing, barren deserts with huge, dry canyons and towering volcanoes. 37. Of the many machines invented in the late nineteenth century, none had a great impact on the United States economy than the automobile. 38. A number of the Pacific Islands are volcanoes that have pushed up from the ocean floor, others are the tops sunken mountain ranges. 39. It has been reported that during any twenty-four hour period, a minimal of three hundred North American women start their own businesses. 40. Archeological studies have provided evidence that the use of plants for decoration as well as for food developed early in the history. 134 1997 年 01 月语法题 1. _____ a necessary dimension for measuring astronomical space and the distance of heavenly bodies from the Earth. (A) Once in time (B) Time is (C) The time (D) It is time 2. Jackie Joyner-Kersee, _____ the world record in the heptathlon in the 1988 Olympics, also won the long jump in the year. (A) whose setting (B) which she set (C) whoever set (D) who set (A) no more large (B) no larger than (C) not larger (D) which no larger 4. Gorillas are quiet animals, _____ they are capable of making about 20 different sounds. (A) whether (B) which (C) even though (D) as well as A、句意不符 D 不能连接句子 5. Although the Earth‘s chemical composition had been studied for years, only toward the end of the nineteenth century _____ as a discipline in its own right. (A) when geochemistry was recognized (B) was geochemistry as recognized (C) then recognized as geochemistry (D) as geochemistry was recognized 6. Because the wood of the dogwood tree is very hard, _____ is used for objects, such as roller skate wheels, in which hardness is desired. (A) and (B) it (C) what (D) thus 7. In hot, dry regions, the Sun‘s heat causes the outer layer of rocks _____, a process called exfoliation. (A) are expanded and peeled away (B) to expand and peel away (C) expands and peels away (D) they expand and peel away 8. The lower _____ in a room, the more slowly our eyes focus. (A) the level of lighting (B) light level (C) leveling of light (D) lighting is level 135 9. _____ Sarah Orne Jewett, a nineteenth-century writer, read widely in her family‘s extensive library. (A) That she received little education formally (B) The little formal education that she received (C) Little formal education that was received by (D) Although she received little formal education 10. In the early twentieth century, the ―Model T‖ automobile was mass-produced and sold at a price _____ could afford. (A) the average person who (B) that the average person who (C) and the average person (D) the average person C afford 缺少宾语 11. Not only _____ all the positive charge of an atom, it is also the site of the weight of every atom. (A) does the nucleus hold (B) the nucleus holding (C) the nucleus does hold (D) holds the nucleus 12. The wind-rippled sand at California‘s Kelso Dunes resembles _____. (A) to be an ocean floor (B) as an ocean floor (C) an ocean floor (D) being an ocean floor 13. Fossil records indicate _____ existing in the past have become extinct. (A) that many species of organisms (B) many species of organisms that (C) many species of organisms are (D) there are many organisms 14. Experiments related to the sense of smell are more easily _____ than those related to perception of color. (A) setting them up (B) to set up (C) set up (D) sets up those 15. The Pulitzer Prize has been _____ in American literature for more than seventy years. (A) the award most prestigious that (B) the most prestigious award (C) a prestigious award that most (D) most prestigious award 16. Those interested in covered bridges can find six of they between Keene and Winchester, New Hampshire. 17. The Sun‘s energy is generated deep in the solar core by the synthesis of helium from hydrogen through a sequences of thermonuclear fusion reactions. 18. Using carbon-dating techniques, archaeologists can determine the age of many ancient objects by measurement the amount of radioactive carbon they contain. 136 19. The evolutionary adaptation of a particular species of animal over time occurs in response to environmental conditions, including others animals. 20. Saturn is the second largest planet after Jupiter, with a diameter nearly ten times those of Earth. 21. Ogden Nash often extended sentences over several lines produce surprising and comical rhymes. 22. By the second month of life, most infant can turn their heads and move their eyes to follow the movements of people and large objects around them. 23. Early movies had appeal immediate and became a means to present contemporary attitudes, fashions, and events. 24. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., clergyman and civil rights leader, won the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize for his work toward racially equality in the United States. 25. Leontyne Price ranks among the most celebration sopranos of her time. 26. Carrie Chapman Call was instrumental in passing the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution gives women the right to vote. 27. Discovery in 1789 and isolated from other element in 1841, uranium is valued as a source of atomic energy. 28. Ulysses S. Kay was among the United States composers visited the Soviet Union in 1958 to participate in a cultural exchange program. 29. Alaska is fame for tall mountains and beautiful scenery. 30. True ferns have undergone remarkably little change during its long geological history, which extends back to the Devonian period. 31. Diplomatic negotiations generally take place in embassies or in the foreign offices of the countries which in ambassadors are accredited. 137 32. The novelist Shirley Hazzard is noted for the insight, poetic style, and sensitive she demonstrates in her works. 33. Compare with the jagged estuaries of the Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast seems almost uniformly straight. 34. Because of its low cholesterol content, margarine is a widely used substitute from butter. 35. After the Boston Tea Party in 1773, coffeehouses in the North American colonies became centers for gossip, gamble, and political criticism. 36. Studies by B.F. Skinner indicate that reward positively reinforces behavior and makes that behavior likely more to recur. 37. Mathematical puzzles are common into history because they have been used a intelligence tests and amusements. 38. Most authorities consider both dreaming while sleep and daydreaming to be forms of fantasy. 39. Genetic engineering is helping researchers unravel the mysteries of previously incurable diseases so that they can get to its root causes and find cures. 40. The Montessori method of education stresses initiative and self-reliance to permitting pupils to pursue independently whatever interests them, but within disciplined limits. 138 1997 年 01 月北美语法题 1. The province of Newfoundland has ____ than any other region of North America in which the first language is English. (A) its longer history (B) a longer history (C) the longer the history (D) the history is longer 2. Clinical psychologist Dr. Carl Rogers found that 80 percent ____ verbal communication involved five types of responses: evaluative, interpretive, supportive, probing, and understanding. (A) all (B) is the (C) with (D) of all 3. The early feminist leader Susan B. Anthony became increasingly aware through her work in the temperance movement ____ the same rights as men. (A) women were not granted that (B) that women were not granted (C) not granted women that wore (D) that were not granted women 4. DNA, ____, is found in the cell nucleus in the form of very long and thin molecules consisting of two spiral strands. (A) inherits material (B) is inheritance material (C) material is inherited (D) the material of inheritance 5. ____ plants, which manufacture their own food, animals obtain nourishment by acquiring and ingesting their food. (A) Unlike (B) Different (C) Whereas (D) As much 6. The Hawaiian alphabet, introduced by missionaries in the 1820‘s, ____ and only seven consonants. (A) the five vowels consists of (B) consisting of five vowels (C) that consists o five vowels (D) consists of five vowels 7. Working like a telescope, ____ the size of objects at great distances. (A) which magnifies a telephoto lens (B) a telephoto lens magnifies (C) a telephoto lens which magnifies (D) and magnifying a telephoto lens 8. Volcanoes are divided into three main groups, based on their shape and the type of material they ____. (A) are made (B) made of (C) are made of (D) made for 9. ____ to inanimate objects, such as machines, is a form of animism. (A) When attributing emotion 139 (B) Attributing emotion (C) Emotion is attributed (D) If emotion is attributed 10. ____, dolphins have no sense of smell. (A) As known as far (B) Known thus far as (C) It is known as far (D) As far as is known 11. The growth of psychobiology owes ____ to major conceptual advances in the way people think about the brain. (A) much (B) as much as (C) much which (D) there is so much 12. In 1938 Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman ____ the Nobel Prize for Literature. (A) receive (B) received (C) to receive (D) she received 13. Now considered an art form, quilt-making originated as a means of fashioning bed covers from bits of fabric that otherwise ____. (A) not use (B) were no use (C) had no use (D) it was not used 14. The early years of the United States government were characterized by a debate concerning ____ or individual states should have more power. (A) whether the federal government (B) either the federal government (C) that the federal government (D) the federal government 15. Beneath the streets of a modern city ____ of walls, columns, cables, pipes, and tunnels required to satisfy the needs of its inhabitants. (A) where exists the network (B) the existing network (C) the network‘s existence (D) exists the network 16. The antique collector must be able to distinguish real antiques from later imitations, which can be either reproductions nor fakes. 17. Paint must be stirred and sometimes dilution before it is applied. 18. A great aviation pioneer, Amelia Earhart was already famous when she sets out on her ill-fated attempt to circle the globe in 1937. 140 19. Although apples do not grow during the cold season, apple trees must have a such season in order to flourish. 20. Two unique features of the Arctic they are lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground. 21. Faced with petroleum shortages in the 1970‘s, scientists and engineers in the United States stepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systems and better insulation. 22. Rabbits have large front tooth, short tails, and hind legs and feet adapted for running and jumping. 23. Dentistry is a branch of medicine that has developed very dramatic in the last twenty years. 24. The ease of solving a jigsaw puzzle depends the number of pieces, their shapes and shadings, and the design of the picture. 25. Plants range in size to tiny, single-celled, blue-green algae, invisible to the naked eye, to giant sequoias, the largest living plants. 26. During the 1940‘s science and engineering had an impact on the way music reach its audience and even influenced the way in which it was composed. 27. By 1860 the railroads of the United States had 3,000 miles of track, three-quarters of which it was east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River. 28. Ballads were early types of poetry and may have been among a first kinds of music. 29. The thin outer layer of the skin is called the epidermis, while the layer inner, which is slightly thicker, is called the dermis. 30. With the incorporation of jazz history into current academic curricula, leading jazz musicians are now founding on the faculties of several universities. 31. Humus, a substance found in soil, is soft and spongy and enables plant roots to send out tiny hairs through that they absorb water and food. . poet laureate (B) was poet laureate (C) poet laureate (D) and poet laureate 14. At the South Pole _____, the coldest and most desolate region on Earth. (A). organisms that (C) many species of organisms are (D) there are many organisms 14. Experiments related to the sense of smell are more easily _____ than those