A Wireless Technology Revolution WiMAX AU7059_C000.indd 1 9/14/07 4:29:53 PM Architecting the Telecommunication Evolution: Toward Converged Network Services Vijay K. Gurbani and Xian-He Sun ISBN: 0-8493-9567-4 Business Strategies for the Next-Generation Network Nigel Seel ISBN: 0-8493-8035-9 Chaos Applications in Telecommunications Peter Stavroulakis ISBN: 0-8493-3832-8 Context-Aware Pervasive Systems: Architectures for a New Breed of Applications Seng Loke ISBN: 0-8493-7255-0 Fundamentals of DSL Technology Philip Golden, Herve Dedieu, Krista S Jacobsen ISBN: 0-8493-1913-7 Introduction to Mobile Communications: Technology,, Services, Markets Tony Wakefield, Dave McNally, David Bowler, Alan Mayne ISBN: 1-4200-4653-5 IP Multimedia Subsystem: Service Infrastructure to Converge NGN, 3G and the Internet Rebecca Copeland ISBN: 0-8493-9250-0 MPLS for Metropolitan Area Networks Nam-Kee Tan ISBN: 0-8493-2212-X Performance Modeling and Analysis of Bluetooth Networks: Polling, Scheduling, and Traffic Control Jelena Misic and Vojislav B Misic ISBN: 0-8493-3157-9 A Practical Guide to Content Delivery Networks Gilbert Held ISBN: 0-8493-3649-X Resource, Mobility, and Security Management in Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications Yan Zhang, Honglin Hu, and Masayuki Fujise ISBN: 0-8493-8036-7 Security in Distributed, Grid, Mobile, and Pervasive Computing Yang Xiao ISBN: 0-8493-7921-0 TCP Performance over UMTS-HSDPA Systems Mohamad Assaad and Djamal Zeghlache ISBN: 0-8493-6838-3 Testing Integrated QoS of VoIP: Packets to Perceptual Voice Quality Vlatko Lipovac ISBN: 0-8493-3521-3 The Handbook of Mobile Middleware Paolo Bellavista and Antonio Corradi ISBN: 0-8493-3833-6 Traffic Management in IP-Based Communications Trinh Anh Tuan ISBN: 0-8493-9577-1 Understanding Broadband over Power Line Gilbert Held ISBN: 0-8493-9846-0 Understanding IPTV Gilbert Held ISBN: 0-8493-7415-4 WiMAX: A Wireless Technology Revolution G.S.V. Radha Krishna Rao, G. Radhamani ISBN: 0-8493-7059-0 WiMAX: Taking Wireless to the MAX Deepak Pareek ISBN: 0-8493-7186-4 Wireless Mesh Networking: Architectures, Protocols and Standards Yan Zhang, Jijun Luo and Honglin Hu ISBN: 0-8493-7399-9 Wireless Mesh Networks Gilbert Held ISBN: 0-8493-2960-4 AUERBACH PUBLICATIONS www.auerbach-publications.com To Order Call: 1-800-272-7737 • Fax: 1-800-374-3401 E-mail: orders@crcpress.com OTHER TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOOKS FROM AUERBACH AU7059_C000.indd 2 9/14/07 4:29:53 PM A Wireless Technology Revolution WiMAX G. S. V. Radha Krishna Rao G. Radhamani Boca Raton New York Auerbach Publications is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business AU7059_C000.indd 3 9/14/07 4:29:53 PM Auerbach Publications Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487‑2742 © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Auerbach is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid‑free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number‑10: 0‑8493‑7059‑0 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number‑13: 978‑0‑8493‑7059‑5 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the conse‑ quences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC) 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978‑750‑8400. CCC is a not‑for‑profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Radha Krishna Rao, G.S.V., 1973‑ WiMAX : a wireless technology revolution / G.S.V. Radha Krishna Rao and G. Radhamani. p. cm. ISBN‑13: 978‑0‑8493‑7059‑5 (alk. paper) ISBN‑10: 0‑8493‑7059‑0 (alk. paper) 1. Mobile communication systems. 2. Wireless communication systems. 3. Broadband communication systems. 4. IEEE 802.16 (Standard) I. Radhamani, G., 1968‑ II. Title. TK6570.M6R36 2008 621.384‑‑dc22 2007008287 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the Auerbach Web site at http://www.auerbach‑publications.com AU7059_C000.indd 4 9/14/07 4:29:54 PM v Contents Foreword . xxiii Preface .xxv 1 Introduction .1 802.16/HiperMAN Technology Specs .12 WiMax Forum .21 WiMAX Spectrum Owners Alliance .29 2 Contemporary Wireless Technologies 31 Wireless Technologies 31 Modulation Techniques 32 OFDM .32 IEEE 802.11a/g OFDM 32 Proprietary OFDM (pre-WiMAX) .33 Frequency Division Duplexing .33 Time Division Duplexing .33 Wireless System Topologies 33 Performance Elements of Wireless Communications . 34 Generations of Wireless Systems Based on Wireless Access Technologies 35 e 1G Wireless Systems .35 e 2G Wireless Systems .35 2.5G Wireless Systems 40 3G Systems . 42 Standardization Activities in IEEE [8–11] 47 IEEE WG 802.11 (WLANs) .48 IEEE WG 802.15 (Wireless PANs) 49 IEEE WG 802.16 (Fixed BWA) 50 e IEEE 802.20 Standard .53 AU7059_C000toc.indd 5 9/14/07 4:34:08 PM vi  n  Contents Wi-Fi .54 e 802.11 Standard .55 e 802.11 Architecture .56 e Physical Layer (PHY) .56 e Data-Link Layer (DLL) .57 Security Technologies .58 WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) .59 Extended EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) .59 e 802.11i Standard 60 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) . 60 WMM QoS .61 WMM Power Save 61 WiBro 61 WiBro Draws Interest 64 Samsung Unveils First WiBro Mobile Handsets 64 VNPT Considering WiBro Proposal . 64 WiBro, WiMAX Get Closer: Intel, LG Agree on Mobile Internet Compatibility .65 Mobile WiMAX Gets Hearing at CES 66 WiBro for the U.S. Military .67 WiBro Bus 67 WiBro Going to India 67 e United States Adopts Samsung’s WiBro Technology .67 WiMAX 67 Analysis .68 3 WiMAX — A Technology 75 802.16 75 IEEE 802.16 Working Group on Broadband Wireless Access Systems 75 IEEE 802.16a Extension .75 IEEE 802.16b Extension: e WirelessHUMAN Initiative 76 e MAC Layer 76 MAC Layer Details .78 Service-Specific Convergence Sublayers 78 Common Part Sublayer 78 MAC PDU Formats .79 Transmission of MAC PDUs 80 PHY Support and Frame Structure 80 Radio Link Control .81 Channel Acquisition .82 Physical Layer .82 10–66 GHz .82 AU7059_C000toc.indd 6 9/14/07 4:34:08 PM Contents  n  vii 2–11 GHz 83 Physical Layer Details 83 Base and Subscriber Stations .85 IEEE 802.16 MAC and Service Provisioning .86 Implementation Challenges of the WiMAX MAC and QoS Models 86 Scalability 90 Portability 90 Mobile WiMax 91 Conformance Testing for Mobile WiMAX .91 Next-Generation OFDM: OFDMA .93 WiMAX Architecture .95 Offering Premium Services Over WiMAX 96 e Deployment Outlook 98 Quality of Service (QoS) 106 WiMAX QoS Architecture .107 Security 111 4 WiMAX Product Development Trends 117 Range of WiMAX Hardware Is Expanding . 118 WiMAX Chip Has an Eye for Mobile Services 118 InfiNet Wireless Announces 802.16d/802.16e WiMAX Design Win With picoChip 118 Xilinx Announces Industry’s Most Comprehensive Suite of Programmable WiMAX Solutions 119 Green Hills Software Adds WiMAX to Platform for Wireless Devices 119 Vendors Preview FPGA-Based WiMAX Modem . 119 Wavesat Brings Mini-PCI to WiMAX .120 Fetish Electric Car Goes WiMAX .120 WiMAX Parabolic Dish Antennas .121 picoChip and Wintegra Announce Partnership: New 802.16e Reference Design Provides Increased Flexibility and Performance for WiMAX BS .121 picoChip and ETRI Sign Software Defined Radio Development Partnership for 3G and WiMAX .122 picoChip First to Demo Advanced Features of WiMAX .122 Nokia Makes First WiMAX Data Call 123 Lucent’s Multimedia Access Platform Supports Integrated FTTX, WiMAX, and DSL Services 123 JISP Announces OSS/BSS to Build Profitable WiMAX 123 New PXI Modules from Aeroflex Address WLAN, WiMAX Applications 123 Alvarion Launches Indoor WiMAX CPE Gear .124 AU7059_C000toc.indd 7 9/14/07 4:34:09 PM viii  n  Contents Foursome Converges to Deliver VoIP Over WiMAX 124 Redline Introduces RedMAX Management Suite for WiMAX Networks .124 Redline’s RedPATH Architecture Roadmap 125 Samsung Planning GSM-WiMAX Phone 126 RF Transceivers Support 802.16e WiMAX .126 WiMAX Transceiver Cuts Equipment Down to Size .126 WiMAX Is the Focus for Cree’s GaN HEMTs 127 Flextronics Unveils WiMAX Signaling Solution 128 New WiMAX Reference Library for CoWare Platform-driven ESL Design .128 Motorola Continues MOTOwi4 Momentum, Advances WiMAX Adoption .129 Motorola Showcases First Public Demo of 802.16e-based MOTOwi4 WiMAX Solution 129 ZyXel Announces WiMAX Products .130 WiMAX Card for Windows 131 Orthogon Systems Introduces Its Latest Fully WiMAX Solution, OS-Spectra Lite .131 Intel’s WiMAX Chip .132 Simulation Testbench Gives Green Light for Advanced WiMAX System Development .133 Fujitsu’s WiMAX Work .134 Fujitsu Expands BWA Line 135 Wavesat’s Chip .136 Freescale Broadens RF Power Transistor Options for WiMAX Base Stations 136 Invenova’s Protocol Test and Analysis Systems Facilitate WiMAX Certification Testing at CETECOM Labs 137 Wavesat and Taiwan-Based Delta Networks Develop Low-Cost WiMAX CPE .137 Signal-Creation Software Serves Mobile WiMAX, WiBro 138 Azonic Systems Unveils WiMAX-Compliant Products 138 picoChip Integrates ArrayComm’s Network MIMO Software for WiMAX 139 Atmel Launches 3.5-GHz Chip Line for WiMAX .139 ST Unveils WiMAX Modem Solution .139 Airspan Demonstrates Its Low-Cost, “Pay-as-You-Grow” WiMAX Base Station .140 Airspan Announces First Mobile WiMAX Device 140 Pactolus SIPware VoIP Deployed Via Satellite and WiMAX by Sawtel .141 Alvarion Extends Its BreezeMAX Solution to New Frequencies 141 Siemens Releases WiMAX Modem .141 AU7059_C000toc.indd 8 9/14/07 4:34:09 PM Contents  n  ix CompactFlash Card WiMAX 141 GaAs Switches Handle High Power for WiMAX 142 Texas Instruments Announces WiMAX Portfolio .143 TI Teams with Design Company on WiMAX .143 Proxim Announces WiMAX Family .144 Nortel Bolsters WiMAX Position with Portfolio Enhancements, New Customers .144 Alvarion Mobile WiMAX Solution, 4Motion, Targeted for Multiple Markets .145 Alvarion Gives a Peek into Mobile VoIP Future .146 Morpho Readies Mobile WiMAX Chip Design 146 Network Evolution with Alcatel 9500 MXC 147 Telsima Launches Complete WiMAX Solution .147 Solar-Powered Streetlights at Deliver Wi-Fi and WiMAX Access Being Tested 148 Azimuth Announces New Wi-Fi and WiMAX Testing Products 148 Wavesat and Sanmina-SCI Announce Agreement to Bring WiMAX Mini-PCI to Market 149 RF Power Detector Handles Wi-Fi, WiMAX Applications .149 Adaptive WiMAX Antenna Shown Off .150 TeleCIS Wireless Introduces WiMAX 802.16-2004 SoC Chip .150 Axxcelera Broadband Wireless Announces WiMAX Certification of Full Duplex FDD CPE . 151 Handheld Analyzer Offers Fixed WiMAX Test Options . 151 Mobile WiMAX: Rosedale 2 . 152 Wireless-Enabled Train 152 LCC Delivers on Its Business Tools Strategy with WiView, a Dynamic Web-Based WiMAX Network Dimensioning Tool .153 Redline and MARAC Showcase Redline’s Indoor “User-Install” WiMAX CPE .154 Rohde & Schwarz Adds WiMAX Measurement Solutions 154 Sequans and Mitac Bring WiMAX End-User Device to Market . 155 Intel Wows with Dual-Mode WiMAX Chip . 155 Virgin Trains May Opt for WiMAX .156 Alvarion’s BreezeMAX Streams Multimedia Content to Multiple WiMAX Devices Using 802.16e Technology 156 Wavesat and TI Working on WiMAX Access Card .156 Accton Introduces Low-Cost Mobile WiMAX CPE 157 Nokia Introduces Its Flexi WiMAX BS .157 Analog Devices Introduces Series of Clock Generators for WiMAX BSs and Other Telecom Applications .157 Intel Ships Next-Generation WiMAX Chip 158 D-Link Announces WiMAX 802.16-2005 Router 158 AU7059_C000toc.indd 9 9/14/07 4:34:09 PM [...]... India to the Global Village 335 How IT Is Changing Rural India 335 India: A Major Market for WiMAX Technology 338 WiMAX: India’s Answer to Spectrum Problems and Rural Connectivity 339 Latin America: First Great Battleground for WiMAX 339 Nigeria: WiMAX — Technology for Cheaper Internet Access 340 A Feasibility Study of WiMAX Implementation at DwesaCwebe Rural Areas of Eastern Cape... chip has two ARM9 cores and an OFDM modem, and targets low-cost, low-chip-count access points and gateways supporting WiMAX Intel is also working on putting Wi-Fi and WiMAX on the same chip WiMAX equipment makers, such as Nortel Networks Ltd and Motorola, say they have been garnering interest from cable providers WiMAX is essentially a next-generation wireless technology that enhances broadband wireless. .. different applications BWA is one application touted for fixed WiMAX WiMAX evangelists would have you believe that fixed WiMAX can deliver triple-play (voice/video/data) services, just like DSL or cable But a WiMAX channel is a shared medium, and current profiles for licensed bands deliver a maximum DL speed of 26 Mbps at the PHY layer After the MAC overhead, WiMAX can carry perhaps three standard TV streams... interference-protected) band, is allowed to use much more power radiation than the unlicensed band gear Unlicensed band radios, WiMAX or otherwise, will all have power limitations In practical terms, WiMAX would operate similar to Wi-Fi but at higher speeds over greater distances and for a greater number of users WiMAX could potentially erase the suburban and rural blackout areas that currently have no broadband... WiMAX Network .247 Aperto Unveils Mobile WiMAX Strategy .247 VSNL Hopes to Launch WIMAX 247 Australia Deploys Commercial WiMAX 248 Alcatel and ACCA to Expand 802.16e WiMAX Trials to Urban Areas in Japan 248 WiMAX Service Comes to Chicago .249 WiMAX Blows into Nevada 249 Siemens to Supply Equipment for WiMAX Network in Ryazan 249 Clearwire Unwires Seattle... Chennai Goes WiMAX 244 Wavesat Receives Strategic Investment from SK Telecom 244 WiMAX Broadband Debuts in Wellington 245 Baramati Pilots Intel’s WiMAX 245 Samsung and TVA to Bring Mobile WiMAX Service to Brazil 246 More WiMAX for SA 246 Windows Mobile to Gain Plug-and-Play WiMAX 246 TVCable Chooses Airspan for WiMAX Expansion 247 Brasil Telecom Plans Mobile WiMAX. .. 4G wireless technologies may evolve toward OFDMA, and all IP-based networks are ideal for delivering cost-effective wireless data services Although we all look forward to WiMAX Mobile and 4G, we can take a large step along the path to this vision of broadband ubiquity via portable services The WiMAX Forum is an industry nonprofit group that establishes standards for the emerging technology The WiMAX. .. WiMAX as a revolutionary wireless technology that, we believe, could change the wireless technology landscape considerably This book presents the unique features of WiMAX technology and evaluates the revolutionary approach of WiMAX over contemporary technologies This book also showcases the ongoing WiMAX development and deployment activities around the world It analyzes future prospects of WiMAX and... wiring systems With a wireless- based home network, users can access and share expensive entertainment devices without installing new cables through walls and ceilings At the core of wireless communication are the transmitter and the receiver The user may Table 1.2  Standardized Frequency Bands at 1 GHz and above L band S band C band X band Ku band K band Ka band Q band U band V band W band AU7059_C001.indd... techniques has its unique cost, performance, and deployment trade-offs Although cable and DSL are already deployed on a largescale basis, BWA is emerging as an access technology with several advantages These include avoiding distance limitations of DSL and high costs of cable, rapid deployment, high scalability, lower maintenance and upgrade costs, and incremental investment to match market growth . Middleware Paolo Bellavista and Antonio Corradi ISBN: 0-8 49 3-3 83 3-6 Traffic Management in IP-Based Communications Trinh Anh Tuan ISBN: 0-8 49 3-9 57 7-1 Understanding. G.S.V. Radha Krishna Rao, G. Radhamani ISBN: 0-8 49 3-7 05 9-0 WiMAX: Taking Wireless to the MAX Deepak Pareek ISBN: 0-8 49 3-7 18 6-4 Wireless Mesh Networking: Architectures,