PHP 5 Power Programming Gutmans_Frontmatter Page i Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM B RUCE P ERENS ’ O PEN S OURCE S ERIES http://www.phptr.com/perens ◆ Java Application Development on Linux Carl Albing and Michael Schwarz ◆ C++ GUI Programming with Qt 3 Jasmin Blanchette, Mark Summerfield ◆ Managing Linux Systems with Webmin: System Administration and Module Development Jamie Cameron ◆ Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager Mel Gorman ◆ Implementing CIFS: The Common Internet File System Christopher Hertel ◆ Embedded Software Development with eCos Anthony Massa ◆ Rapid Application Development with Mozilla Nigel McFarlane ◆ The Linux Development Platform: Configuring, Using, and Maintaining a Complete Programming Environment Rafeeq Ur Rehman, Christopher Paul ◆ Intrusion Detection with SNORT: Advanced IDS Techniques Using SNORT, Apache, MySQL, PHP, and ACID Rafeeq Ur Rehman ◆ The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide John H. Terpstra, Jelmer R. Vernooij, Editors ◆ Samba-3 by Example: Practical Exercises to Successful Deployment John H. Terpstra perens_series_7x9.25.fm Page 1 Wednesday, September 15, 2004 10:54 AM Gutmans_Frontmatter Page ii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM PRENTICE HALL Professional Technical Reference Indianapolis, IN 46240 www.phptr.com PHP 5 Power Programming Andi Gutmans, Stig Sæther Bakken, and Derick Rethans Gutmans_Frontmatter Page iii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for inciden- tal or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs con- tained herein. Publisher: John Wait Editor in Chief: Don O’Hagan Acquisitions Editor: Mark L. Taub Editorial Assistant: Noreen Regina Development Editor: Janet Valade Marketing Manager: Robin O'Brien Cover Designer: Nina Scuderi Managing Editor: Gina Kanouse Senior Project Editor: Kristy Hart Copy Editor: Specialized Composition Indexer: Lisa Stumpf Senior Compositor: Gloria Schurick Manufacturing Buyer: Dan Uhrig The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: U. S. Corporate and Government Sales (800) 382-3419 c orpsales@pearsontechgroup.com For sales outside the U. S., please contact: International Sales i nternational@pearsoned.com Visit us on the Web: www.phptr.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: 2004107331 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. This material may be distrubuted only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or later (the latest version is presently available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/). Pearson Education, Inc. One Lake Street Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Every effort was made to contact and credit all copyright holders. Use of material without proper credit is unintentional. ISBN 0-131-47149-X Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at Phoenix in Hagerstown, Maryland. First printing, [October 2004] Gutmans_Frontmatter Page iv Thursday, September 23, 2004 2:14 PM To Ifat, my wife and best friend, who has patiently put up with my involement in PHP from the very beginning, and has encouraged and supported me every step of the way. Andi Gutmans To Marianne, for patience and encouragement. Stig Sæther Bakken To my parents, who care for me even when I’m not around; and to 42, the answer to life, the universe of everything. Derick Rethans Gutmans_Frontmatter Page v Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM Gutmans_Frontmatter Page vi Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM vii Contents Foreword by Zeev Suraski Preface: Introduction and Background Chapter 1: What Is New in PHP 5? Chapter 2: PHP 5 Basic Language Chapter 3: PHP 5 OO Language Chapter 4: PHP 5 Advanced OOP and Design Patterns Chapter 5: How to Write a Web Application with PHP Chapter 6: Databases with PHP 5 Chapter 7: Error Handling Chapter 8: XML with PHP 5 Chapter 9: Mainstream Extensions Chapter 10: Using PEAR Chapter 11: Important PEAR Packages Chapter 12: Building PEAR Components Chapter 13: Making the Move Chapter 14: Performance Chapter 15: An Introduction to Writing PHP Extensions Chapter 16: PHP Shell Scripting A. PEAR and PECL Package Index B. phpDocumentor Format Reference C. Zend Studio Quick Start Index Gutmans_Frontmatter Page vii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM Gutmans_Frontmatter Page viii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM ix Contents Foreword . xxi Preface xxii 1 What Is New in PHP 5? 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Language Features .1 1.2.1 New Object-Oriented Model 1 1.2.2 New Object-Oriented Features .3 1.2.3 Other New Language Features 7 1.3 General PHP Changes 8 1.3.1 XML and Web Services .8 1.4 Other New Features in PHP 5 .11 1.4.1 New Memory Manager 11 1.4.2 Dropped Support for Windows 95 .11 1.5 Summary .11 2 PHP 5 Basic Language .13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 HTML Embedding 14 2.3 Comments .14 2.4 Variables 15 2.4.1 Indirect References to Variables 16 2.4.2 Managing Variables 16 2.4.3 Superglobals 18 2.5 Basic Data Types 18 2.5.1 Integers 19 2.5.2 Floating-Point Numbers . 19 2.5.3 Strings 19 2.5.4 Booleans . 22 2.5.5 Null 23 Gutmans_TOC Page ix Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM x Contents 2.5.6 Resources .23 2.5.7 Arrays .23 2.5.8 Constants .30 2.6 Operators .31 2.6.1 Binary Operators .32 2.6.2 Assignment Operators .32 2.6.3 Comparison Operators 33 2.6.4 Logical Operators 34 2.6.5 Bitwise Operators 35 2.6.6 Unary Operators 36 2.6.7 Negation Operators .36 2.6.8 Increment/Decrement Operators 37 2.6.9 The Cast Operators .38 2.6.10 The Silence Operator .39 2.6.11 The One and Only Ternary Operator .39 2.7 Control Structures 39 2.7.1 Conditional Control Structures .39 2.7.2 Loop Control Structures 42 2.7.3 Code Inclusion Control Structures .45 2.8 Functions .48 2.8.1 User-Defined Functions 49 2.8.2 Function Scope .49 2.8.3 Returning Values By Value 50 2.8.4 Returning Values By Reference 51 2.8.5 Declaring Function Parameters 52 2.8.6 Static Variables .53 2.9 Summary .54 3 PHP 5 OO Language 55 3.1 Introduction .55 3.2 Objects .55 3.3 Declaring a Class 57 3.4 The new Keyword and Constructors 57 3.5 Destructors 58 3.6 Accessing Methods and Properties Using the $this Variable .59 3.6.1 public , protected , and private Properties .60 3.6.2 public , protected , and private Methods 61 3.6.3 Static Properties 62 3.6.4 Static Methods .64 3.7 Class Constants .65 3.8 Cloning Objects .66 3.9 Polymorphism 67 3.10 parent :: and self :: 70 3.11 instanceof Operator 71 Gutmans_TOC Page x Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM [...]... connect to your own installed server or directly to the Zend Studio server component It is a powerful tool that allows you to debug your code in its natural environment UPDATES AND ERRATA AND DOWNLOADS Updates, errata, and copies of the sample programs used in this book can be found at the following URL: http//php5powerprogramming.com We encourage you to visit this site Gutmans_PrefaceFore Page xxviii Thursday,... November of that year, Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski bumped into PHP/FI while looking for a language to develop an e-commerce solution as a university project They discovered that PHP/FI was not quite as powerful as it seemed, and its language was lacking many common features One of the most interesting aspects included the way while loops were implemented The hand-crafted lexical scanner would go through... new SOAP, MySQLi, and variety of other extensions are significant milestones in PHP’s support for additional technologies 5 6 http://www.php.net/release_4_1_0.php http://zend.com/engine2/ZendEngine-2.0 .pdf Gutmans_PrefaceFore Page xxv Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM Audience xxv AUDIENCE This book is an introduction to the advanced features new to PHP 5 It is written for PHP programmers who are... Chapter 2, “PHP 5 Basic Language,” contains an introduction to PHP 5 syntax, it is meant as a refresher for PHP programmers and not as a tutorial for new programmers However, web developers with experience programming other high-level languages may indeed find that this tutorial is all they need in order to begin working effectively with PHP 5 CHAPTER OVERVIEW Chapter 1, “What Is New in PHP 5?” discusses... Abstracted Errors 186 6.4.10 Convenience Methods 188 6.5 Summary 190 7 Error Handling 191 7.1 Introduction 191 7.2 Types of Errors 192 7.2.1 Programming Errors .192 7.2.2 Undefined Symbols 194 7.2.3 Portability Errors 197 Gutmans_TOC Page xiii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM Contents xiii 7.2.4 Runtime Errors . PHP 5 Power Programming Gutmans_Frontmatter Page i Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05. Professional Technical Reference Indianapolis, IN 46240 www.phptr.com PHP 5 Power Programming Andi Gutmans, Stig Sæther Bakken, and Derick Rethans Gutmans_Frontmatter