&RQWHQWV## 2YHUYLHZ#4# 6XSSRUWHG#,QWHUQHW#3URWRFROV#5# &UHDWLQJ#0XOWLSOH#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#6# 6LPSOH#0DLO#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO#8# 3RVW#2IILFH#3URWRFRO#62,QWHUQHW#0DLO## $FFHVV#3URWRFRO#7# 46# +\SHUWH[W#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO# 47# 1HWZRUN#1HZV#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO# 4:# 6FDOLQJ#WKH#3URWRFRO#6HUYHUV# 59# /DE#$=#&UHDWLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV# 64# 5HYLHZ# 6;# # Module 8: Managing Virtual Servers and Protocols in Exchange 2000 Information in this document is subject to change without notice. The names of companies, products, people, characters, and/or data mentioned herein are fictitious and are in no way intended to represent any real individual, company, product, or event, unless otherwise noted. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of Microsoft Corporation. If, however, your only means of access is electronic, permission to print one copy is hereby granted. Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property.  2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, MS-DOS, MS, Windows, Windows NT, Active Directory directory service, ActiveX, BackOffice, FrontPage, Hotmail, MSN, Outlook, PowerPoint, SQL Server, Visual Studios, and Win32, are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S.A. and/or other countries. The names of companies, products, people, characters, and/or data mentioned herein are fictitious and are in no way intended to represent any real individual, company, product, or event, unless otherwise noted. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. Project Lead: David Phillips Instructional Designers: Lance Morrison (Wasser), Janet Sheperdigian, Steve Thues Lead Program Manager: Mark Adcock Program Manager: Lyle Curry, Scott Hay, Janice Howd, Steve Schwartz (Implement.Com), Bill Wade (Wadeware LLC) Graphic Artist: Kimberly Jackson, Andrea Heuston (Artitudes Layout and Design) Editing Manager: Lynette Skinner Editor: Elizabeth Reese (Write Stuff) Copy Editor: Ed Casper (S&T Consulting), Carolyn Emory (S&T Consulting), Patricia Neff (S&T Consulting), Noelle Robertson (S&T Consulting) Online Program Manager: Debbi Conger Online Publications Manager: Arlo Emerson (Aquent Partners) Online Support: Eric Brandt Multimedia Developer : Kelly Renner (Entex) Compact Disc Testing: Data Dimensions, Inc. Production Support: Ed Casper (S&T Consulting) Manufacturing Manager: Bo Galford Manufacturing Support: Rick Terek Lead Product Manager, Development Services: Lead Product Manager: David Bramble Group Product Manager: Robert Stewart # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# # LLL# ,QVWUXFWRU#1RWHV## This module provides students with an understanding of the protocols that Microsoft ® Exchange 2000 uses to access the information store and introduces the concept of virtual servers. Students will learn how to administer these protocols by using the Exchange System Manager. In addition, students will learn how to create and configure virtual servers. At the end of this module, students will be able to configure the Internet protocols that Exchange 2000 supports and create virtual servers. 0DWHULDOV#DQG#3UHSDUDWLRQ# This section provides you with the required materials and preparation tasks that are needed to teach this module. 5HTXLUHG#0DWHULDOV# To teach this module, you need the following materials: • Microsoft PowerPoint ® file 1569A_08.ppt 3UHSDUDWLRQ#7DVNV# To prepare for this module, you should: „# Read all the materials for this module. „# Complete the lab. 3UHVHQWDWLRQ=## 78#0LQXWHV# # /DE=# 63#0LQXWHV# LY##0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# 0RGXOH#6WUDWHJ\# Use the following strategy to present this module: „# Supported Internet Protocols This section lists the Internet protocols that Exchange 2000 supports and also provides a brief discussion of how to administer them. Students should already possess base knowledge about each of these protocols. „# Creating Virtual Servers This section discusses the benefits of creating virtual servers, covers how to identify multiple virtual servers, and concludes by outlining typical scenarios in which creating multiple virtual servers would be beneficial. Consider asking students to share “real-life” examples from their work environments in which they think creating multiple virtual servers would be beneficial. „# Simple Mail Transfer Protocol This section focuses on how to configure an SMTP server, how to manage server status, and how to set global parameters. The SMTP server configuration topic is very long. Thoroughly discuss each of the configuration options provided by the General, Access, Messages, and Advanced tabs. „# Post Office Protocol 3/Internet Mail Access Protocol 4 This section briefly outlines the new POP3 and IMAP4 features that Exchange 2000 supports. „# Hypertext Transfer Protocol This section explains how to use HTTP to configure virtual servers and how to connect to and disable a virtual server. The section concludes by briefly discussing virtual directories. „# Network News Transport Protocol This section discusses how to use NNTP to provide enhanced storage and organizational capabilities, covers how to configure an NNTP server, explains NNTP virtual directories and newsgroups, and concludes by showing students how to create newsfeeds. If time permits, demonstrate the procedures under the Master/Subordinate Newsfeeds heading. „# Scaling the Protocol Servers This section explains how to scale the servers using Internet protocols to accommodate more users by configuring front-end/back-end servers and virtual servers. Make sure students understand the differences between a front-end server and a back-end server. If time permits, present a scenario that requires students to implement front- end/back-end servers and virtual servers within the same environment. # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# # 4# 2YHUYLHZ# „ 6XSSRUWHG#,QWHUQHW#3URWRFROV „ &UHDWLQJ#0XOWLSOH#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV „ 6LPSOH#0DLO#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO „ 3RVW#2IILFH#3URWRFRO#6#2#,QWHUQHW#0DLO#$FFHVV#3URWRFRO#7 „ +\SHUWH[W#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO „ 1HWZRUN#1HZV#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO „ 6FDOLQJ#WKH#3URWRFRO#6HUYHUV Virtual servers help to reduce your company’s hardware costs and scale your system to accommodate more users by enabling you to place more than one mail server on a single computer. You can create, configure, and manage virtual servers and connect to them using the Internet protocols which Exchange 2000 supports. At the end of this module, you will be able to: „# List the Internet protocols that Microsoft ® Exchange 2000 supports. „# Create virtual servers. „# Manage the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). „# Manage Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) and Internet Mail Access Protocol 4 (IMAP4). „# Manage the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). „# Manage the Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP). „# Scale Protocol Servers. 6OLGH#2EMHFWLYH# 7R#SURYLGH#DQ#RYHUYLHZ#RI# WKH#PRGXOH#WRSLFV#DQG# REMHFWLYHV1# /HDG0LQ# ,Q#WKLV#PRGXOH/#\RX#ZLOO#OHDUQ# DERXW#PDQDJLQJ#YLUWXDO# VHUYHUV#DQG#FRQILJXULQJ# SURWRFROV1# 5# # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# 6XSSRUWHG#,QWHUQHW#3URWRFROV# EXCHANGE MANAGEMENT – [Northw… &RQVROH :LQGRZV +HOS $ FWLRQ 9LHZ )DYRULWHV 7UHH )DYRULWHV 1RUWKZLQG#7UDGHUV#+([FKDQJH, *OREDO#6HWWLQJV 5HFLSLHQWV $GPLQLVWUDWLYH#*URXS )LUVW#$GPLQLVWUDWLYH#*URXS 6HUYHUV %5,6%$1'#± 489<$ '(19(5#± 489<$ /,6%21#± 489<$ /21'21#± 489<$ 3URWRFROV +773 ,0$37 1173 3236 6073 ,5&; 593 0LFURVRIW#07$ ,QIRUPDWLRQ#6WRUH 3(57+#± 489<$ 9$1&289(5#± 489<$ 3ROLFLHV 5RXWLQJ#*URXSV &KDW#&RPPXQLFDWLRQV +773 ,0$37 1173 3236 6073 ,5&; 593 0LFURVRIW#07 The protocols that Microsoft Exchange 2000 uses to access the information store are now integrated with Internet Information Services (IIS) in Microsoft Windows ® 2000. Exchange 2000 supports multiple protocol servers to service clients that communicate to the server by using a particular protocol. These include HTTP, IMAP4, NNTP, POP3, and SMTP. In addition to the protocols that access the information store, Exchange 2000 also supports instant messaging through rendezvous protocol (RVP) and Internet Relay Chat Protocol (IRCX) chat communication protocols. The instant messaging protocol is called RVP in Exchange 2000 Beta 3. $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ# Administer these protocols by using Exchange System Manager, rather than the Internet Services Manager. The Exchange System Attendant automatically saves configuration information to the Active Directory ™ directory service and then applies it to IIS on the appropriate server running Exchange 2000. 6OLGH#2EMHFWLYH# 7R#OLVW#WKH#,QWHUQHW#SURWRFROV# WKDW#([FKDQJH#5333# VXSSRUWV1# /HDG0LQ# ([FKDQJH#5333#VXSSRUWV# PXOWLSOH#SURWRFRO#VHUYHUV1# 1RWH# # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# # 6# &UHDWLQJ#0XOWLSOH#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV# Exchange 2000 Server Exchange 2000 Server Clients Clients Application Application Application Virtual Server A Virtual Server A Virtual Server B Virtual Server B Virtual Server C Virtual Server C If you support users with different configuration needs, such as security requirements or message formats, you need to create multiple instances of the protocol server. Each instance is referred to as a virtual server. Previously, creating virtual servers required installing the protocol server on additional computers. Exchange 2000 enables you to create multiple instances of the protocol servers on one computer. During installation, a default protocol server is created for most protocols. Each of these protocol servers is automatically configured specifically for the protocol being used. You can configure items such as authentication methods, message formats, and data transfer limits. The protocols RVP and IRCX require some configuration. Although virtual servers enable multiple protocol server configurations, you should not use them for scalability purposes because each virtual server is already multithreaded. ,GHQWLI\LQJ#0XOWLSOH#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV# For each virtual server, you will need to uniquely identify it among the other virtual servers for that protocol. To do this, you must specify a unique IP port and address combination for each. For HTTP virtual servers, you can also use the host header parameter to uniquely identify a virtual server. 6OLGH#2EMHFWLYH# 7R#VKRZ#DQ#HQYLURQPHQW#LQ# ZKLFK#\RX#PLJKW#XVH# PXOWLSOH#YLUWXDO#VHUYHUV1# /HDG0LQ# &UHDWLQJ#PXOWLSOH#YLUWXDO# VHUYHUV#HQDEOHV#\RX#WR# VXSSRUW#XVHUV#ZLWK#GLIIHUHQW# FRQILJXUDWLRQ#QHHGV1# 1RWH# 7# # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# 7\SLFDO#6FHQDULRV#IRU#&UHDWLQJ#0XOWLSOH#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV# Consider creating multiple virtual servers for the following reasons: „# You want to configure each virtual server to use different authentication mechanisms. For example, external users sending messages over the Internet may have all messages encrypted with Transport Layer Security for additional security, while users on an internal intranet do not use Transport Layer Security encryption and do not need to incur the additional cost. „# You want to optimize trusted applications. For example, applications that use Collaboration Data Objects (CDO) to send SMTP messages can use an SMTP virtual server that is not restricted by reverse Domain Name System (DNS) lookup or recipient limits. „# You want to configure each server on different purposes. For example, you can connect one virtual server to the Internet, enabling all users to send and receive messages over the Internet, and configure another virtual server only to deliver messages within an Exchange 2000 organization. # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# # 8# ‹‹ # 6LPSOH#0DLO#7UDQVIHU#3URWRFRO# „ 6073#6HUYHU#&RQILJXUDWLRQ „ 0DQDJLQJ#6073#6HUYHU#6WDWXV „ 6073#*OREDO#3DUDPHWHUV The SMTP service is a key component in Exchange 2000 because it is the primary protocol for communicating with other computers running Exchange 2000. The SMTP service has replaced the remote procedure call (RPC) and X.400 as the preferred transport mechanism. It is also a key protocol for transferring e-mail over the Internet and providing interoperability with other mail systems. The SMTP service processes incoming traffic from SMTP clients, such as Microsoft Outlook ® Express, and other SMTP hosts, such as another Exchange Server. The service sends outbound SMTP traffic in response to requests from the SMTP Connector and routing group connector. 6OLGH#2EMHFWLYH# 7R#RXWOLQH#6073#WRSLFV1# /HDG0LQ# 6073#LV#WKH#SULPDU\# SURWRFRO#IRU#FRPPXQLFDWLQJ# ZLWK#RWKHU#FRPSXWHUV# UXQQLQJ#([FKDQJH#53331# 9# # 0RGXOH#;=#0DQDJLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV#DQG#3URWRFROV#LQ#([FKDQJH#5333# 6073#6HUYHU#&RQILJXUDWLRQ# Default SMTP Virtual Sever Properties General Access Messages Delivery Default SMTP Virtual Server IP address (All Unassigned) Limit number of connections to: Connection time-o ut (minutes): 10 E nable logging Act ive log format: Act ive log format: W3C Extended Log File Format A pply A pply Pr operties Pr operties OK Cancel Help Adv anced Each SMTP server provides a number of parameters that you can configure by using the Exchange System Manager. These parameters are listed below, under the name of the related tab in the interface, with examples of when you should change the defaults. *HQHUDO#7DE# The General tab provides the following configuration options: „# Server Identity An SMTP server, by default, is a standard SMTP host that communicates by using Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port 25. When multiple virtual SMTP servers are present on the same physical computer, you must assign each server a unique Internet Protocol (IP) address and TCP port combination. „# Logging You have several choices when deciding how to log messages passing through the SMTP server. The available logging choices are the same as those provided by other IIS services. Because many of the properties available in the IIS log formats do not apply to SMTP, you can customize the list of properties logged to optimize the logging process. „# Connections By default, the server accepts an unlimited number of SMTP connections. However, an unlimited number of SMTP connections can use an excessive amount of resources, which will negatively affect other services, such as the information store, and could result in a denial of service. You can control SMTP traffic by configuring a maximum number of concurrent connections and the time-out for each connection. 6OLGH#2EMHFWLYH# 7R#RXWOLQH#WKH#WDEV#XVHG#WR# FRQILJXUH#WKH#6073#VHUYHU1# /HDG0LQ# 8VH#WKH#([FKDQJH#6\VWHP# 0DQDJHU#WR#FRQILJXUH#WKH# 6073#VHUYHU1# [...]... 4XHXH#6WDWHV Managing SMTP server status involves both configuring the domains that the server uses, and managing message queues &RQILJXULQJ#'RPDLQV# Domains in Microsoft SMTP service are different from DNS domains and Windows 2000 Server domains Microsoft SMTP service domains organize messages for delivery Configure the following domains for each SMTP server: „# Remote The SMTP service looks up remote domains... dynamic, and is based on where outgoing mail is being sent The Advanced Queuing Engine processes all e-mail messages for the SMTP Service by placing the messages in the appropriate default queue You can use the Exchange Systems Manager to monitor and manage the processing of these messages 'HIDXOW#4XHXHV# The following table describes the default queues provided in Exchange 2000 Source Queue Definition... PHVVDJH#GHOLYHU\# SDUDPHWHUV1# Inbox Inbox Exchange 2000 global settings affect all SMTP servers in a company You can configure Internet message formats and message delivery parameters ,QWHUQHW#0HVVDJH#)RUPDWV# Internet message formats enable you to configure the encoding, format, and type of messages that you send to a specific domain The domain can reference a specific destination, such as microsoft.com,... clients to communicate with virtual servers as though they were physical servers The POP3 and IMAP4 services supported by Exchange 2000 provide the following new features: „# Support for virtual servers You can now configure servers with separate names, authentication, and message formatting „# Support for front-end/back-end servers You can now use a single namespace with multiple servers Clients connect... 1RWH# The virtual Web servers and directories that you create with the Exchange Administration tool will also appear in the Internet Services Manager console Configuration changes made in the Exchange Administration tool will overwrite changes to similar items made with Internet Services Manager Use only Internet Services Manager to make changes to items that are not available in the Exchange Administration... PreCatQueue List of messages waiting for the categorizer to process PreRoutingQueue List of messages waiting for the advanced queuing engine to determine the route Destination Queue List of messages currently being sent, or waiting to be sent to a destination server 4XHXH#6WDWHV# The following table describes each queue state State Definition Active Link has an active connection Ready Link is ready to have a... the submitting SMTP client does not belong to the Domain Name System (DNS) domain of the matching SMTP domain name specified in the Mail from field, the virtual server rejects the message Unfortunately, reverse lookups severely impact the performance of message transfer and should be tested in the lab before going into production to make sure the virtual server can handle the necessary messaging traffic... server’s Properties box and then either restart the Exchange and IIS services or restart the computer You should configure front-end servers immediately after installing them and then disable the Exchange Information Store service 1RWH# With Exchange 2000 Beta 3, the front-end server may be listed as a location for a mailbox when creating a new account in the Active Directory Users and Computers console... 6OLGH#2EMHFWLYH# Exchange 2000 Exchange 2000 Server Server 7R#RXWOLQH#QHZ#3236#DQG# ,0$37#IHDWXUHV1# Virtual Virtual Server Server HTTP HTTP /HDG0LQ# ([FKDQJH#5333#VXSSRUWV#D# QXPEHU#RI#QHZ#IHDWXUHV#LQ# WKH#3236#DQG#,0$37# SURWRFROV1# Virtual Virtual Server Server POP3 POP3 Virtual Virtual Server Server IMAP4 IMAP4 POP3 and IMAP4 enable clients, such as Outlook Express, to communicate with servers These protocols. .. 1173#1HZV#)HHGV NNTP is a Windows 2000 service designed to support a stand-alone newsgroup server for creating group discussions You can configure the NNTP service to communicate with external NNTP servers to make popular Usenetgroups available to your users NNTP in Windows 2000 replaces the Internet News Service supported by Exchange Server 5.5 When you install Exchange 2000, the NNTP service is enhanced . /DE#$=#&UHDWLQJ#9LUWXDO#6HUYHUV# 64# 5HYLHZ# 6;# # Module 8: Managing Virtual Servers and Protocols in Exchange 2000 Information in this document is subject to change without. creating virtual servers, covers how to identify multiple virtual servers, and concludes by outlining typical scenarios in which creating multiple virtual servers