Information Systems Analysis and Design Myriam Lewkowicz myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 2 Outline 1. Information Systems: the big picture 2. Information Systems for competitive advantage 3. Organizational Information Systems 4. Entreprise-Wide Information Systems 5. Information Systems Development & Acquisition 6. Managing the Information Systems Project 7. Systems Planning 8. Determining System Requirements 9. Structuring System Requirements: Process Modeling 10. Structuring System Requirements: Conceptual Data Modeling 11. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 12. Designing the Human Interface 13. Systems Implementation and Operation Chapter 1 Information Systems: The Big Picture myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 4 Chapter 1 Objectives Understand the term information systems (IS) Understand IS components: Technology, people, organizations Understand IS career opportunities Understand types of information systems Understand IS and organizational success or failure Understand the future of IS management myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 5 Information Systems Defined Combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data in organizations myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 6 Key Elements of Information Systems myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 7 Data Data: raw material, unformatted information Information: processed data (meaningful) Knowledge: understanding relationships between pieces of information Wisdom: knowledge accumulated and applied myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 8 Knowledge as a Business Resource Knowledge Worker A well-educated professional who creates, modifies, or synthesizes knowledge in one’s profession Knowledge Society Also called digital society, new economy Working with brains instead of hands The importance of education Digital divide myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 9 Technology and Information Systems Computer-Based Information Systems One type of technology Technology – any mechanical and/or electrical means to supplement, extend, or replace human activity Information Technology (IT) – machine technology controlled by or using information The goal of IS is to provide useful data to users IS can be local or global, organizational or enterprise-wide myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 10 IS Managerial Personnel CIO IS director Account Executive Info Center Manager Development Manager Project Manager Maintenance Manager Systems Manager IS planning Manager Operations Manager Programming Manager Systems Programming Manager Manager of Emerging Technologies Telecommunications Manager Network Manager Database Administrator Auditing or Computer Security Manager Quality Assurance Manager Webmaster [...]... their role in information systems planning? myriam.lewkowicz@u 23 Chapter 3 Organizational Information Systems Chapter Objectives Understand characteristics of operational, managerial, and executive information systems Understand characteristics of transaction processing systems, management information systems, and executive information systems Understand characteristics of information systems that... Consistent management Systems compatibility and connectivity myriam.lewkowicz@u 15 Questions 1 Define and understand the term information systems (IS) 2 Explain the technology, people, and organizational components of an information system myriam.lewkowicz@u 16 Chapter 2 Information Systems for Competitive Advantage Chapter 2 Objectives Understand the IS in automation, organizational learning, and strategic... General Types of Information Systems Management Information Systems Types of reports: Scheduled report Key-indicator report Exception report Drill-down report Ad hoc report myriam.lewkowicz@u 31 General Types of Information Systems Management Information Systems (MISs) Examples: Sales forecasting Financial management and forecasting Manufacturing planning and scheduling Inventory management and planning... management and planning Advertising and product pricing myriam.lewkowicz@u 32 General Types of Information Systems Executive Information Systems (EISs) Used at executive level of the organization Highly aggregated form Data types Soft data – news and nonanalytical data Hard data – facts and numbers myriam.lewkowicz@u 33 General Types of Information Systems Executive Information Systems (EISs) Examples: Executive-level... General Types of Information Systems Data input Manual data entry Semiautomated data entry Fully automated data entry Examples: Payroll Sales and ordering Inventory Purchasing, receiving, shipping Accounts payable and receivable myriam.lewkowicz@u 29 General Types of Information Systems Management Information Systems (MISs) Two Types: Management of IS in organizations Specific information systems for mid-level... decisions Managerial level (middle) Decisions covering weeks and months Semistructured decisions Operational level (bottom) Day-to-day decisions Structured decisions myriam.lewkowicz@u 27 General Types of Information Systems Transaction Processing Systems (TPSs) Transactions Used at Operational level of the organization Goal: to automate repetitive information processing activities Increase speed Increase... Objectives Understand the IS in automation, organizational learning, and strategic support Understand IS for strategic organizational success Understand the need for making an IS business case Understand technological innovations to improve competitive advantage myriam.lewkowicz@u 18 Why Use Information Systems? Automating: doing things faster Organizational learning: doing things better Supporting... Types of Information Systems Executive Information Systems (EISs) Examples: Executive-level decision making Long-range and strategic planning Monitoring internal and external events Crisis management Staffing and labor relations myriam.lewkowicz@u 34 1.35 myriam.lewkowicz@u 35 Information Systems that Span Organizational Boundaries myriam.lewkowicz@u 36 ...Integrating Skills and Knowledge Technology hardware, software, networking Business business, management, social, communications Systems Integration, development methods, critical thinking, problem solving myriam.lewkowicz@u 11 Hot Skills in IS Workers Office / E-mail Languages Applications RDBS Administration Development Tools Internetworking Operating Systems LAN Administration Networking... cheaper Greater accuracy and consistency Loan application example Manual processing Technology-supported process Completely automated myriam.lewkowicz@u 20 Organizational Learning: Doing Things Better Going beyond automation Involves learning to improve the day-to-day activities within the process Looking at patterns and trends Organizational Learning Using acquired knowledge and insights to improve . Information Systems Analysis and Design Myriam Lewkowicz myriam.lewkowicz@u tt.fr 2 Outline 1. Information Systems: the big picture 2. Information Systems. Organizational Information Systems 4. Entreprise-Wide Information Systems 5. Information Systems Development & Acquisition 6. Managing the Information Systems