Cisco CCNP Switching Exam Certification Guide Tim Boyles and Dave Hucaby, CCIE #4594 Cisco Press 201 W 103rd Street Indianapolis, IN 46290 ii Cisco CCNP Switching Exam Certification Guide Tim Boyles and David Hucaby Copyright © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc Cisco Press logo is a trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc Published by: Cisco Press 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review Printed in the United States of America 1st Printing November 2000 03 02 01 00 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Number: 00-105170 ISBN: 1-58720-000-7 Warning and Disclaimer This book is designed to provide information about the Cisco CCNP Switching Exam #640-504 Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied The information is provided on an “as is” basis The author, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc Trademark Acknowledgments All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc cannot attest to the accuracy of this information Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark iii Feedback Information At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value Each book is crafted with care and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique expertise of members from the professional technical community Readers’ feedback is a natural continuation of this process If you have any comments regarding how we could improve the quality of this book, or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us through email at ciscopress@mcp.com Please make sure to include the book title and ISBN in your message We greatly appreciate your assistance Publisher Editor-In-Chief Cisco Systems Program Manager Executive Editor Acquisitions Editor Managing Editor Development Editor Copy Editor Technical Editors Team Coordinator Book Designer Cover Designer Compositor Proofreaders Indexer John Wait John Kane Bob Anstey Brett Bartow Amy Lewis Patrick Kanouse Christopher Cleveland Chuck Gose Stephen Daleo, Anthony Kwan, Chris Paggen, Casimir Sammanasu Tammi Ross Gina Rexrode Louisa Klucznik Octal Publishing, Inc Dayna Isley Sarah Cisco Shannon Martin Larry Sweazy iv About the Authors Tim Boyles is the Director of Network Architecture for @Link Networks, a national CLEC which specializes in broadband data and communications solutions for small- and medium-sized businesses Prior to that he worked as a Senior Consultant at Lucent Networkcare, formerly known as INS, where he was responsible for the design and implementation of large switch-based networks as well as multiple service provider projects Tim has been in the networking business for 16 years with multiple vendor certifications, including CCNP He holds an engineering undergraduate degree from the University of Missouri-Rolla and an MBA from California State University Tim is a co-author of the CLSC Exam Certification Guide David Hucaby, CCIE #4594, is a Lead Network Engineer for the University of Kentucky, where he designs, implements, and maintains campus networks using Cisco products Prior to his current position, David was a senior network consultant, where he provided design and implementation consulting, focusing on Cisco-based VPN and IP telephony solutions David has a B.S and M.S in Electrical Engineering from the University of Kentucky About the Technical Reviewers Stephen Daleo, CCNP, is a Certified Cisco Systems Instructor (CCSI) and a consultant with Mentor Technologies (formerly Chesapeake Computer Consultants, Inc.) Stephen has been teaching the recommended courses for Cisco Career Certifications since 1996, including ICND, BSCN, BCMSN, BCRAN, and CIT Previous to joining Mentor Technologies, Stephen worked as a Network Systems Analyst for the North Broward Hospital District, where he designed and implemented their Metropolitan WAN consisting of four major sites and ten smaller remote sites Stephen has a B.S in Computer Science from Florida International University and an M.S in Computer Technology from Barry University Stephen is currently pursuing his CCIE certification Anthony Kwan, CCNP, CCDP, has worked in the Internetworking arena for over eight years and holds more than 14 Internetworking certifications His networking expertise focuses on LAN/WAN design and troubleshooting, as well as voice, video, and VPN integration Christophe Paggen, CCIE #2659, joined Cisco Systems, Inc., in 1996, where he currently is a Network Design Engineer in the Advanced Network Solutions group His primary focus is the redesign, optimization, and performance tuning of large-scale IP and multiprotocol enterprise networks, with a specialization in campus, local-area, and metropolitanarea networks He holds a B.S in Computer Science from IESSL (Liege, Belgium) and an M.S in Economics from Université de Mons (Belgium) Casimir Sammanasu is a Program Manager with Cisco Systems, Inc., and holds an M.S Computer Science degree from DePaul University, Chicago, and an MBA degree from the University of Dallas Casimir has developed LAN switching courses at Cisco in the past and is presently responsible for Cisco IOS curriculum that includes advanced technologies such as QoS, Multicast, Security, and VPN v Dedications Tim Boyles—Glory and thanks be to God for giving me the talent and for sustaining me when the going gets tough To my wife, René, for putting up with the late nights and weekends To my children, Andrew and Alyssa, for allowing me to take some time out of their schedule to finish the project (Although they think it’s pretty cool to see their old man in print!) In memory of my daughter Ashley, who sees all things from the heavens “The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of his hands.”—Psalms 19:1 Dave Hucaby—First, my thanks to Jesus Christ, my Lord and my best, best friend Networking is great, but the abundant life you give is too wonderful! Thanks to my wife and best friend, Marci, for her love and support in everything I I’m also grateful to her for encouraging me to return for the second day of the CCIE lab, when I was ready to pack up and go home early I’m glad I listened to her! Thanks to my girls—Lauren for encouraging me to play with her and forget stressful things, and Kara for waiting to be born until the book was nearly done Thankfully, God enabled me to write late at night, while everybody else slept Although this impacted our family time very little, a tired daddy is just not as much fun Lastly, I would like to thank my parents for their support; I’m especially grateful to my dad for sharing with me his love of engineering and his skills at technical writing vi Acknowledgments Tim Boyles: Chris Cleveland, Development Editor, who persevered to make this project all that it could be Thanks for sorting out all the issues! Brett Bartow, Executive Editor for keeping the project going among all the twists and turns Thanks for steering the ship! Dave Hucaby, for listening to all my late-night rants and being a great co-author to work with! Howard Jones, for pinch-hitting on some last minute editing All of the technical editors that contributed to the success of this book Thanks for keeping me honest with the material and all your diligence to make this a quality product Thanks to, Chris Paggen, Steven Daleo, Casimir Samanasu, and Anthony Kwan I couldn’t have done it without you! Dave Hucaby: Working with Chris Cleveland, Brett Bartow, and Amy Lewis, all with Cisco Press, has been great! These folks have been very patient with a new author and have gone extra miles to keep me focused on the task at hand I’ve long been an avid fan and reader of Cisco Press books and am grateful for the opportunity to co-author one myself Thanks to Tim Boyles for sharing the load and giving me advice along the way Nathain Ingram, my Christian brother, deserves my thanks for being a steady source of encouragement and a great friend Thanks to Eddie Lawrence for helping me work out some Catalyst switch logistics Finally, I would like to thank the technical reviewers for making this a more accurate book As well, I’m grateful to Kennedy Clark and Kevin Hamilton for writing the real switching book, Cisco LAN Switching The more I’m exposed to other networking folks, the more I realize how little I know vii Contents at a Glance Introduction xxiii Chapter All About the Cisco Certified Network Professional and Design Professional Certification Chapter Campus Network Design Models Chapter Basic Switch and Port Configuration Chapter VLANs and Trunking Chapter Redundant Switch Links Chapter Trunking with ATM LANE Chapter InterVLAN Routing Chapter Multilayer Switching Chapter Overview of Hot Standby Routing Protocol Chapter 10 Multicasts Chapter 11 Configuring Multicast Networks Chapter 12 Controlling Access in the Campus Environment Chapter 13 Monitoring and Troubleshooting 425 Chapter 14 Scenarios for Final Preparation 463 Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes and Q&A Sections Index 529 15 65 97 145 203 241 265 301 333 369 393 477 viii Contents Introduction xxiii Goals and Methods xxiii Who Should Read This Book? xxiii Strategies for Exam Preparation How This Book Is Organized Approach xxiv xxiv xxvi Icons Used in This Book xxviii Command Syntax Conventions Chapter xxix All About the Cisco Certified Network Professional and Design Professional Certification Overview of Cisco Certifications Exams Required for Certification Other Cisco Certifications What’s on the Switching Exam? Topics on the Exam Recommended Training Path for CCNP and CCDP How to Use This Book to Pass the Exam I’ve Taken BCMSN—Now What? 11 I’ve Taken CLSC—Now What? 11 I’ve Learned Switching From Experience, But I Will Not Be Taking the BCMSN Course—Now What? 12 Conclusion Chapter 13 Campus Network Design Models How to Best Use This Chapter 15 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz Foundation Topics 20 Switching Functionality 20 Layer Switching 20 Layer Routing 21 Layer Switching 22 15 16 ix Layer Switching 22 Multilayer Switching (MLS) 23 Campus Network Models 23 Shared Network Model 24 LAN Segmentation Model 25 Network Traffic Models 28 Predictable Network Model 30 Hierarchical Network Design Access Layer 31 Distribution Layer 31 The Core Layer 32 30 Cisco Products in the Hierarchical Design Access Layer Switches 33 Distribution Layer Switches 34 Core Layer Switches 36 Product Summary 37 Modular Network Design 39 The Switch Block 40 Sizing a Switch Block 41 The Core Block 43 Collapsed Core 44 Dual Core 45 Core Size in a Campus Network Core Scalability 47 Layer Core 48 Foundation Summary Q&A 32 46 49 53 Scenarios 57 Scenario 2-1: Small Campus Network Design Scenario 2-2: Medium Campus Network Design 57 57 Scenario 2-3: Large Enterprise Campus Network Design Scenario Answers 57 59 Scenario 2-1 Answers: Small Campus Network Design Scenario 2-2 Answers: Medium Campus Network Design 59 60 Scenario 2-3 Answers: Large Enterprise Campus Network Design 61 x Chapter Basic Switch and Port Configuration How to Best Use This Chapter 65 “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz Foundation Topics 65 66 70 Desktop Connectivity with Ethernet 70 Ethernet 70 Fast Ethernet 71 Full-Duplex Fast Ethernet 72 Gigabit Ethernet 73 Desktop Connectivity with Token Ring Token Ring Bridging 75 74 Connecting Switches 77 Console Port Cables/Connectors 77 Ethernet Port Cables/Connectors 77 Gigabit Ethernet Port Cables/Connectors Token Ring Port Cables/Connectors 79 78 Switch Management 80 Identifying the Switch 80 Setting the Hostname/System Name on an IOS-Based Switch 80 Setting the Hostname/System Name on a CLI-Based Switch 80 Passwords and User Access 81 Setting Login Passwords on an IOS-Based Switch 81 Setting Login Passwords on a CLI-Based Switch 81 Remote Access 82 Enabling Remote Access on an IOS-Based Switch 82 Enabling Remote Access on a CLI-Based Switch 82 Communicating Between Switches 83 Cisco Discovery Protocol 83 Switch Clustering and Stacking 85 Switch Port Configuration 86 Identifying Ports 86 Assigning a Port Description on an IOS-Based Switch 86 Assigning a Port Description on a CLI-Based Switch 86 Port Speed 86 Assigning Port Speed on an IOS-Based Switch 87 Assigning Port Speed on an CLI-Based Switch 87 Ethernet Port Mode 87 Assigning the Ethernet Link Mode on an IOS-Based Switch 87 Assigning the Ethernet Link Mode on a CLI-Based Switch 87 ...ii Cisco CCNP Switching Exam Certification Guide Tim Boyles and David Hucaby Copyright © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc Cisco Press logo is a trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc Published by: Cisco Press... Certification Overview of Cisco Certifications Exams Required for Certification Other Cisco Certifications What’s on the Switching Exam? Topics on the Exam Recommended Training Path for CCNP and CCDP How... Already?” Quiz Foundation Topics 20 Switching Functionality 20 Layer Switching 20 Layer Routing 21 Layer Switching 22 15 16 ix Layer Switching 22 Multilayer Switching (MLS) 23 Campus Network Models