Lecture Conducting and reading research in health and human performance (4/e): Chapter 12 - Ted A. Baumgartner, Larry D. Hensley

21 38 0
Lecture Conducting and reading research in health and human performance (4/e): Chapter 12 - Ted A. Baumgartner, Larry D. Hensley

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

Thông tin tài liệu

Chapter 12 - Additional research approaches. This chapter includes contents: Additional approaches in research in HHP, historical approach, nature of historical research, sources of historical data, primary sources, secondary sources, evaluating historical data,...

Chapter 12 Additional Research Approaches     Additional Approaches in Research in HHP  Methods not as prevalent as those previously  presented, but may have application in some  areas of HHP • • • • Historical Epidemiological Single Participant Creative Activities Historical Approach  The researcher attempts to record and  understand events of the past in order to better  explain present events and suggest possible  future directions  Nature of Historical Research    Involves collection of data Through the eyes of other people who witnessed  an event or wrote about it Why we do certain things today is based on  what has happened to us in the past • Need to understand the past • Discovery of new data/information may lead to new  interpretations Sources of Historical Data   Primary sources Secondary sources Primary sources     Source is directly connected to the event of  interest Original documents or physical artifacts People that can provide eyewitness testimony Highest credibility and preferred data source Secondary sources     Secondhand accounts of historical happenings Hearsay evidence . . . person is not directly tied  to event Textbooks, newspapers, encyclopedias, etc Considered less reliable source of data Evaluating Historical Data   Historical data must be critically evaluated to determine  authenticity and worth External criticism • Physical or chemical tests of documents • Tests of signature, script, and handwriting • Consistency of language usage  Internal criticism • Assesses the meaning of the content • Author’s motives • Consistency with other reports of same event  Two or more independent sources are needed to verify a  historical fact Oral History    Oral history research is conducted through  taped interviews with individuals in a position  to recall various events or movements Oral history information can be very subjective  and opinionated Strict application of external and internal  criticism should be observed Biographical Research   Study of the life, career, and contributions of  persons of interests . . . often leading scholars,  coaches, educators, etc Often based on extensive personal interviews of  the person of interest supplemented with  interviews of others  Epidemiological Approach  Descriptive epidemiology –  • seeking to identify patterns or trends in disease,  injury, or death  Analytic epidemiology –  • seeking to determine causation of disease, injury, or  death  Common in public health fields Research Designs  Cohort studies • a.k.a as prospective studies – a study that begins with  a group of people (a cohort) and follows them over  time  Case­control studies  • AKA as retrospective studies – a study comparing a  group who already have a condition of interest to a  group that does not  Case group – the group with the characteristic of  interest (e.g., cancer)  Control group – the group without the  characteristic of interest  Epidemiological Statistics Used to Measure Strength of an Association    Relative risk (RR) Odds ratio (OR) Attributable risk (AR) Relative Risk (RR)  The extent to which it is more (or less) likely that  a health problem or condition will occur in an  exposed group compared to an unexposed  group • RR = 1  no relationship between exposure and condition • RR > 1  positive relationship; means that those exposed are x  times more likely to contract the condition • RR 

Ngày đăng: 20/01/2020, 01:45

Từ khóa liên quan

Mục lục

  • Chapter 12 Additional Research Approaches

  • Additional Approaches in Research in HHP

  • Historical Approach

  • Nature of Historical Research

  • Sources of Historical Data

  • Primary sources

  • Secondary sources

  • Evaluating Historical Data

  • Oral History

  • Biographical Research

  • Epidemiological Approach

  • Research Designs

  • Epidemiological Statistics Used to Measure Strength of an Association

  • Relative Risk (RR)

  • Odds Ratio (OR)

  • Attributable Risk (AR)

  • Single Participant Approach

  • Collection and Analysis

  • Slide 19

  • Creative Activities

Tài liệu cùng người dùng

  • Đang cập nhật ...

Tài liệu liên quan