VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (VAST) INSTITUT DE RECHERCHE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT (IRD) ISBN: 978-604-913-162-2 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST – IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN PROCEEDINGS OF VAST – IRD SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE SCIENCE Haiphong – Vietnam, November 28th – 29th, 2013 NHÀ XUẤT BẢN KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ 358 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST-IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN PRELIMINARY RECORDS OF BIODIVERSITY OF FISH FAUNA IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF BAC LIEU PROVINCE, VIETNAM Nguyen Xuan Dong Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST) SUMMARY The project was carried out from 2010 to 2011 There were 82 species, belonging to 45 families of 14 orders recorded from 300 collected specimens Perciformes was the most dominant order with 46 species (56.10% of total species) Following were the Clupeiformes order with species (9.76%), the catfish order (Siluriformes) with species (8.54%), the Flounder order (Pleuronetiformes) with species (6.10%), respectively The other orders are only consisted one to three species (in the range of 1.22-3.66%) In total of 82 species, species are listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) and two others are listed in the IUCN Red list (2012) Especially, two species listed in the IUCN Red list did not listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) These species are Flapnose ray – Rhinoptera javanica and Ribbontail stingray –Taeniura lymma Although these two fishes are still not listed in Vietnam Red list (2007) but they are considered as rare species in the world Therefore, they should be suggested to be in the list of the Vietnam Red List Keywords: Biodiversity, Fish fauna, Coastal zone, Bac Lieu province INTRODUCTION The coastal zone of Bac Lieu province was covered about approximate 4,142 They play a crucial role in economic development and a socio-balanced ecological environment throughout the region Mangrove areas are always subject to the tide regime Mangrove ecosystems have very high biodiversity because of their transitional position between land and sea environments The amount of humus rich residue of the mangrove forest provides an abundant food source for many aquatic animals It is where many marine species of high economic value such as shrimp, crab, oysters, clams and fishes, etc are found For nearly two decades, brackish water shrimps and fish aquaculture developed in the Bac Lieu coastal zone The massive development of shrimp and fish farming in mangrove forests is a factor very seriously impacting the management planning and sustainable exploitation of coastal resources in the Bac Lieu province, but also results in reduced area and quality of mangrove forests, altering the environmental soil and water as well as ecological system Biodiversity is likely to be rapidly declining due to lack of suitable conditions for the species to live and breed, the environmental change due to climate, coastal landslides, sea level rise and ecological imbalance 359 PROCEEDINGS OF VAST-IRD SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE SCIENCE Until now, we are not found any research to investigate biodiversity in the Bac Lieu coastal zone This study aims to provide a preliminary data of biodiversity of fish fauna to setup database for the next researchs in the Bac Lieu coastal zone MATERIALS AND METHODS The samples were collected from February, 2010 to January, 2011, with four surveys along to the Bac Lieu coastal zone (belong to Dong Hai, Hoa Binh districts and Bac Lieu city) All specimens were collected by normal equipments of fisherman such as nets, trawl nets, inshore stake trap net, mangrove stake trap net, dai, etc Specimens were also collected in local market, ferry for fish, buying form fisherman, etc The specimens were taken photo, short description of shape character and fixedness with 5-8% formalin Specimens were identified and classified (order, family, genus and species), with reference to Mai Dinh Yen et al (1992) [1], Nguyen Van Hao (2005) [2], Rainboth (1996) [3], FAO (1999, 2001) [4, 5], Nguyen Huu Phung (2001) [6], Nguyen Khac Huong (2000) [7], Nguyen Nhat Thi (2000) [8], etc List species was ordered to classified system of Eschmeyer (1998) [9] RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 The composition of marine fishes in Bac Lieu coastal area Through four surveys during 2010-2011 in Bac Lieu coastal zone, 82 species of marine fishes were collected and identified which belonged to 45 families of 14 orders in the survey area Checklist of marine fishes in the Bac Lieu coastal area is presented in table Table 1: Checklist of marine fishes collected in the Bac Lieu coastal zone Surveyed sites and collected time No Scientific names Dong Hai I Hoa Binh * * Bac Lieu * * RAJIFORMES Dasyatidae Taeniura lymma (Forsskål, 1775) Himantura signifer Compagno& Roberts, 1982 * * Myliobatidae II Rhinoptera javanica Müller &Henle, 1841 * ELOPIFORMES Megalopidae 4 Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) * * * * * Elopidae Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 * * * * 360 III BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST-IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN ANGUILLIFORMES Muraenesocidae 6 Congresox talabon (Cuvier, 1849) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Ophichthidae Pisodonophis boro (Hamilton, 1822) IV CLUPEIFORMES Clupeidae * * * Clupeichthys goniognathus Bleeker, 1855 * * * * * * * * * * * * Clupeoides borneensis Bleeker, 1851 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 10 Anodontostoma chacunda (Hamilton, 1822) * * Engraulidae 11 Setipinna taty (Valenciennes, 1848) * * * * * * 12 Coilia mystus Linnaeus, 1775 * * * * * * 13 Coilia rebentischii Bleeker, 1858 * * * * * * 14 Coilia macrognathos Bleeker, 1852 * * * * * 15 Coilia reynaldi Valenciennes, 1848 * * * * * V SILURIFORMES * * 16 10 Mystus wolffii (Bleeker, 1851) 18 Pangasius polyuranodon Bleeker, 1852 Arius caelatus Valenciennes, 1840 20 Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1791) 21 Osteogeneiosus militaris ( Linnaeus, 1758) 22 Plotosus canius Hamilton, 1822 AULOPIFORMES 13 Synodontidae 23 Harpadon nehereus Hamilton, 1822 VII BATRACHOIDIFORMES 14 Batrachoididae Allenbatrachus grunniens (Linnaeus, 1758) VIII ATHERINIFORMES 15 Aplocheilidae 25 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Plotosidae VI 16 * Ariidae 19 24 * Pangasiidae Pangasius krempfi Fang &Chaux, 1942 12 * Bagridae 17 11 * * Aplocheilus panchax (Hamilton, 1922) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Poeciliidae 26 Gambusia affinis (Gaird& Birard,1853) IX BELONIFORMES 17 Hemiramphidae * 361 PROCEEDINGS OF VAST-IRD SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE SCIENCE 27 Zenarchopterus ectuntio (Hamilton, 1822) X SYNBRANCHIFORMES 18 Ophisternon bengalensis McClelland, 1844 XI SCORPAENIFORMES 19 Platycephalidae 29 Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) XII PERCIFORMES 20 Centropomidae 30 31 22 32 23 33 24 * * Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Parambassis wolffii (Bleeker), 1851 * Terapon jarbua (Forsskăl, 1775) * * * * Sillago sihama (Forsskăl, 1775) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849) 37 Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskăl, 1775) 38 Datnioides polota (Hamilton, 1822) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Gerreidae 39 Gerres filamentosus Cuvier, 1829 40 Gerres limbatus Cuvier, 1830 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Haemulidae 41 Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) * * * * 42 Pomadasys hasta (Bloch, 1790) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Sparidae Acanthpagrus berda (Forskăl, 1775) * * Sciaenidae 44 Boesmania microlepis (Bleeker 1858) * 45 Nibea soldado (Lacépède 1802) * * * * * * 46 Bahaba taipingensis (Herre, 1932) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Polynemidae 47 Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Shaw, 1804) * 48 Polynemus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1758 * 49 * Lutijanidae 36 33 * Leiognathidae * 32 * Sillaginidae * 31 * Teraponidae Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787) 43 * Ambassidae 35 30 * * * 29 * * * 28 * * Leiognathus equulus (Forskăl, 1775) 27 * * 34 26 * Synbranchidae 28 21 * Toxotoidae Toxotes charareus (Hamilton, 1822) Drepanidae * * * * * * * 362 50 34 51 35 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST-IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN Drepane punctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Mugillidae Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 53 Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) 54 Liza tade (Forsskăl, 1775) * * * * * * Eleotridae 55 Eleotris fusca (Schneider & Forster, 1801) * 56 Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822) * 57 Ophiocaraporo cephala (Valenciennes, 1837) * 58 Oxyeleotris siamensis (Gỹnther, 1861) 37 * Stromateidae 52 36 * * * * * * * Gobiidae 59 Acentrogobius viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) * 60 Acentrogobius chlorotigmatoides (Bleeker, 1849) * 61 Acentrogobius caninus (Valenciennes, 1837) 62 Glossogobius punctatus (Richardson, 1838) 63 Glossogobiu saureus Akihito & Meguro, 1975 64 Pseudogobiopsis oligactis (Bleeker, 1875) 65 Stigmatogobius sadanundio (Hamilton, 1822) 66 Oxuderces dentatus Eydoux&Souleyet, 1850 67 Pseudapocryptes elongatus (Cuvier, 1816) * * * * * * * * 68 Pseudapocryptes borneensis (Bleeker, 1855) * * * * * * * * * * 69 Boleophthalmus boddarti (Pallas, 1770) * * * * * * * * * * 70 Periophthalmodon schlosseri (Pallas, 1770) * * * * * * * * * 71 Caragobioides geomys (Fowler, 1935) 72 Taenioides gracilis (Valenciennes, 1837) * * * * * 38 73 39 74 40 75 Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1776) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Scombridae Scomberomorus sinensis (Lacepède, 1800) Paralichthyidae 77 * * * * Lepturacanthus savala (Cuvier, 1829) PLEURONETIFORMES 43 * * * * * Trichiuridae 41 42 * Scatophagidae XIII 76 * * Pseudorhombus cinnassoneus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) * * * * * Pleuronectidae Pleuronectes commersonnii Lacépède,1802 * * * * * * Cynoglossidae 78 Paraplagusia bilineata (Bloch, 1785) * 79 Cynoglossus bilineatus (Lacépède, 1802) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 363 PROCEEDINGS OF VAST-IRD SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE SCIENCE 80 Cynoglossus puncticeps (Richardson, 1846) VIX TETRAODONTIFORMES 44 Lagocephalidae 81 45 82 * Takifugu oblongus (Bloch, 1786) * * * Tetraodontidae Chelonodon patpoca (Hamilton, 1822) * Total * * 35 51 54 60 45 50 53 38 29 30 22 52 Notes: (1): 02/2010; (2): 7/2010; (3): 11/2010; (4): 01/2011 In total of 82 collected species, the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes) is the most diverse group, with 46 species, accounts for 56.10% The Herring order (Clupeiformes) is the second-most diverse group, consisting of species (9.76% of total species collected) The Catfish order (Siluriformes) has species and (8.54%) The Flounder order (Pleuronetiformes) consists of species (6.10%) The Stingray order (Rajiformes) has species (3.66%) Four orders of fish including Eel order (Anguilliformes), Silverside fishes order (Atheriniformes), Tarpon order (Elopiformes) and the Pufferfish order (Tetraodontiformes) has only two species (2.44%) Five other orders of fishes consist of one species (1.22%) Number of species is presented in table and fig Table 2: Number of species, genus, family and their rates No Orders Family Qua Genus % Qua Species % Qua % Rajiformes 4.44 4.55 3.66 Elopiformes 4.44 3.03 2.44 Anguilliformes 4.44 3.03 2.44 Clupeiformes 4.44 7.58 9.76 Siluriformes 8.89 7.58 8.54 Aulopiformes 2.22 1.52 1.22 Batrachoidiformes 2.22 1.52 1.22 Atheriniformes 4.44 3.03 2.44 Beloniformes 2.22 1.52 1.22 10 Synbranchiformes 2.22 1.52 1.22 11 Scorpaeniformes 2.22 1.52 1.22 12 Perciformes 21 46.67 36 54.55 46 56.10 13 Pleuronetiformes 6.67 6.06 6.10 14 Tetraodontiformes 45 4.44 100.00 66 3.03 100.00 2.44 82 100.00 Total 364 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST-IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN Fig 1: Number of fish species in each order In terms of family diversity, of the 45 families of fish collected, the most diverse order of fish is the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes) which consists of 21 families and accounts for 46.67% The Catfish order (Siluriformes) consists of families and accounts for 8.89% Other orders of marine fishes consist from families, and account for 2.22% - 4.22% For genus diversity, 66 genera were recorded, the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes) is the most diverse consisting of 36 genera and accounts for 54.55% of total genera The Herring (Clupeiformes) and the Catfish orders (Siluriformes), each consists of five genera (7.58%) The Flounder order (Pleuronectiformes) has four genera (6.06%) The Stingray order (Rajiformes) has three genera (4.55%) The other orders vary from – genera in each one (1.52% – 3.03%) 4.2 Rare fish species recorded in the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province 82 species of fishes were recorded and collected in the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province Five of these are listed in the Vietnam Red List (2007) [10] and two others are listed in the IUCN Red List species of threatened fishes [11] The list of rare fish species and the category of their threat is presented in table 365 PROCEEDINGS OF VAST-IRD SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE SCIENCE Table 3: List of rare fish species recorded in Bac Lieu coastal zone No Scientific names Vietnam Red list 2007 IUCN Red list 2012 Rhinoptera javanica Müller &Henle, 1841 VU Taeniura lymma (Forsskål, 1775) NT Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) VU Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 VU Anodontostoma chacunda (Hamilton, 1822) VU Datnioides polota (Hamilton, 1822) VU Toxotes charareus (Hamilton, 1822) VU Notes: VU – Vulnerable; NT: Near threatened Two of the seven recorded rare fish are listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species, but not listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) These are the Flapnose ray – Rhinoptera javanica and Ribbontail stingray –Taeniura lymma Although these two fishes still be not listed in Vietnam Red list (2007) they are the rare species in the world They should be suggested as rare species in the Red list of Vietnam CONCLUSIONS 82 species of marine fishes were found belonging to 45 families of 14 orders in the Bac Lieu coastal area In the total 82 species, the most diverse is the Perchlike fish order (Perciformes), with 46 species, accounts for 56.10% of total species The Herring order (Clupeiformes) is the second-most diverse group, consisting of species (9.76%) The Catfish order (Siluriformes) has species and (8.54%) The Flounder order (Pleuronetiformes) consists of species (6.10%) Other orders have number species vary 1-3 species (1.22-3.66%) In total of 82 recorded species, five of these are listed in Vietnam Red List (2007) and two others are listed in the IUCN Red List species of threatened fishes Two species are listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species, but not listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) They are the Flapnose ray – Rhinoptera javanica and Ribbontail stingray –Taeniura lymma They should be suggested as rare species in the Red list of Vietnam Acknowledgements: I would like to express my heart and thankfulness to the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit - Bac Lieu (GTZ – Bac Lieu MCE) to support the finance to performance project Thankfulness Mr Phan Van Hoang, coordinator of MCE and Miss Ngo Minh Hang, MCE’s officer in Bac Lieu city Thankfulness the Forest Protection Department’s staffs in Hoa Binh District, fishermen, local traders enthusiastically supported in the survey and collection of samples in the coastal zone of Bac Lieu province I also would like to thank Management for ITB who helped me in all time of this study 366 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST-IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN REFERENCES Mai Dinh Yen, Nguyen Van Trong, Nguyen Van Thien, Hua Bach Loan, Le Hoang Yen (1992) Taxonomy of freshwater fishes in the Southern Vietnam (Định loại loài cá nước Nam Bộ) Science and Technics Publishing house, Hanoi: 350 pp Nguyen Van Hao (2005) Freshwater fishes of Vietnam (Cá nước Việt Nam), Volume 2+3 Agriculture publishing house, Hanoi,1516 pp Rainboth W J (1996) Fishes of the Cambodian Mekong Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, Rome: 310 pp Kent E C., Volker H Niem (1999) FAO species identification guide for fishery purpose-The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific, 3+4: 1368-2790 Kent E C., Volker H Niem (2001) FAO species identification guide for fishery purpose-The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific, 5+6: 2791-4067 Nguyen Huu Phung (2001) Fauna of Vietnam, Volume 10 Science and Technics Publishing house, Hanoi, 330 pp Nguyen Khac Huong (2000) Fauna of Vietnam (Động vật chí Việt Nam), Volume 12 Science and Technics Publishing house, Hanoi, 324 pp Nguyen Nhat Thi (2000) Fauna of Vietnam (Động vật chí Việt Nam), Volume Science and Technics Publishing house, Hanoi, 184 pp Eschemeyer (1998) Catalog Fish California Academy of Sciences, Volume III: 1811-2443 10 Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (2007) Vietnam Red List (Danh lục Đỏ Việt Nam), part 1: Animals Publishing house for Science and Technology, 210 pp 11 http://www.iucnredlist.org/  ... Rare fish species recorded in the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province 82 species of fishes were recorded and collected in the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province Five of these are listed in the. .. KHOA HỌC BIỂN PRELIMINARY RECORDS OF BIODIVERSITY OF FISH FAUNA IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF BAC LIEU PROVINCE, VIETNAM Nguyen Xuan Dong Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology... of Eschmeyer (1998) [9] RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 The composition of marine fishes in Bac Lieu coastal area Through four surveys during 2010-2011 in Bac Lieu coastal zone, 82 species of marine