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Các TOPIC ENGLISH OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONUnit 1: Administration and public administrationUNIT 2: THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM:Activity 12: Text 2 The socialist republic of VietnamUNIT 3: THE LEGISLATURE OF THE SRVUNIT 4: THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SRVUNIT 5: THE JUDICIARY IN THE STATE MACHINERY OF VNUNIT 6: LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN VIETNAMTopic: Local authorities in VietnamText 2: The Structure of local government in CanadaUNIT 7: GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONSText 1: governance, development and reformUNIT 8: DEFINING MANAGEMENT
TOPIC ENGLISH OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Unit 1: Administration and public administration The term “administration” has a long history Some authors think that the term coincides with the formation of the state long ago Dunsire, A wrote “the classical Latin verb had two distinct senses: to help, assist, or serve …, and to manage, direct, or govern …” We can see a combination of the two main meanings, “directing” and “assisting” at the same time Although originally “administer” and “manage” had some similar meanings such as “getting things done”, “administration” is a richer term and has more meanings Baker wrote: “It (administration) is more usually found in the public sector than the private and, in general, carries an idea, not of control, but of directing and coordinating things on behalf of other people or authorities It is often connected with some idea of service” Although the notion of public administration is as old as government, understanding about it still differs among different people It can be seen as an art, a science or a profession Although many people not always think of themselves as public administrators, identifying themselves in their specific professions, they provide public services There are many different definitions of public administration Fletcher explained that “Public administration can be used to mean: (1) The activity of public servants, (2) The structure of executive government: that is the institutions and patterns of relationships through which the activity of public servants is carried on, (3) The study of and 2” As such, public administration focuses mainly on the institutions, organizational structures and decision/ implementation processes of government In Vietnam, this definition is used: (1) Public administration is a power named “administrative power” The power to organize and manage the state administrative machinery; (2) A system of public bodies; (3) A set of institutions; and (4) The action of public servants UNIT 2: THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM: The political system of Vietnam The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is an independent and sovereign country enjoying unity and territorial integrity The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a State of the people, from the people, and for the people The State guarantees and promotes the people’s mastery in all fields, and severely punishes all acts violating the interests of the motherland and the people The Communist Party of Vietnam is the force leading the State and society All Party organizations operate within the framework of the Constitution and the law Activity 12: Text The socialist republic of Vietnam The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the unified state of all nationalities living on the territory of Vietnam The State carries out a policy of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance among all nationalities, and forbids all acts of national discrimination and division Every ethnic group has the right to use its own language and system of writing The State carries out a policy of comprehensive development and gradually raises the material and spiritual living conditions of the national minorities The people make use of State power through the National Assembly and the People’s Councils, which represent the will and aspirations of the people, are elected by them and responsible to them Democratic centralism is the principle governing the organization and activity of the National Assembly, the People’s Councils, and all other state organs Exercise 1: Complementary reading Read the following text carefully, then answer the questions that follow The Vietnam Fatherland Front and its member organizations constitute the political base of people’s power The trade union, being the socio – political organization of the working class and the toiling people 3 The citizen is duty – bound to help protect public property, legitimate civic rights and interests, maintain national security and social order, and organize public life UNIT 3: THE LEGISLATURE OF THE SRV Text 1: The Legislature of the Socialist Republic of Viet nam In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the only organ with constitutional and legislative powers is the National Assembly According to the 1992 Constitution, the country’s President and specified state organs may present draft laws to the National Assembly Laws, resolutions and decisions taken to amend the Constitution of the National Assembly must be approved by at least two – thirds of its total membership The Permanent Committee of the National Assembly is its the power to interpret the Constitution, the laws, and decree – laws Laws, decree – laws and changes to the Constitution are announced officially by the country’s President Text : The Legislature of the United Kingdom The main legislative body in Britain is the Parliament The British Parliament consists of two houses: the House of Commons, and the House of Lords The Queen is the formal head of Parliament The bill must have three readings in order and receives Royal Assent from the Queen become a law Britain is a constitutional monarchy without a written constitution Parliament has direct and exclusive control over legislation UNIT 4: THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SRV Activity 5: Tex The Government of SRV The Government is the executive body of the National Assembly and the highest state administrative body of the SRV The Government assumes the unified administration of the implementation of all political, economic, cultural, social, national defense, security and external activities of the State; The Government is accountable to the National Assembly, the Standing Committee of the National Assembly and the President of the State The Government Structure consists of: - Ministries - Ministerial level agencies The establishment or abolition of a ministry or a ministerial level agency and high –ranking positions of the Government are appointed by the National Assembly The Government of the UK The main functions of the Primier Minister: The Prime Minister is the head of the Government and presides over meetings of the Cabinet; by convention he is always a Member of the House of Commons He is appointed directly by the Crown and is the leader of the political party; The Cabinet is the nucleus of government; its members consist of a small group of the most important ministers who are selected by the Prime Minister The size of the Cabinet is today about 23 and its principal function, much of work being carried out in committee, is to determine, control and integrate the policies of the government for submission to Parliament The central government ministries and departments of the government policies and have powers and duties conferred on them by legislation, and sometimes, under the Royal Prerogative UNIT 5: THE JUDICIARY IN THE STATE MACHINERY OF VN The Judiciary in the SRV: the People’s Court It is the duty of the People’s court and the People’s Office of Supervision and Control to protect the socialist regime and the people The judicial organs of the SRV are: The Supreme People’s Court, the local People’s Court, the Military Tribunals and other tribunals established The tenure of office of the President of the Supreme People’s Court as well as all other matters concerning their appointment and conditions of service, will be determined by law The People’s Courts shall try their cases collegially and their decisions shall conform to the will of the majority The right of the defendant to be defended is guaranteed UNIT 6: LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN VIETNAM Topic: Local authorities in Vietnam In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, local authorities refer to the People’s Councils and the People’s Committees 2: The People’s Council is the organ of state power whose function is to pass the resolutions on the implementation of various measures at the local level 3: The People’s Committee is the executive organ of the People’s Council and the state administrative organ at the locality, responsible for implementing the Constitution, the law, and the formal written orders of superior state organs and the resolutions of the People’s Council The chairman of the People’s Committees can suspend or abrogate the wrong decitions of the People’s Committees of a lower rank and can suspend the wrong resolutions of the People’s Council of a lower rank and propose to the People’s Council at own level to abrogate such resolutions Text 2: The Structure of local government in Canada The federal and provincial governments have specific powers which are guaranteed by the Constitution Local governments have powers that have been granted to them by their provincial governments Local governments in Canada include municipal corporations and a variety of boards, commissions and other special purpose bodies The importance of local governments is make possible administrative decentralization and provide different programs vital to the day-to-day life of citizens The structure of local government in Canada is very complex and diverse Most Canadian citizens are under the jurisdiction of two levels of municipal government The types of Municipal councils in Canada consist of a head and a number of councillors 6.The three main roles of the Council are: (1) representative, (2) policy making and (3) management The staff emloyed in the municipal councils are experts in different fields UNIT 7: GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS Text 1: governance, development and reform 1.Governance and development are currently viewed as intertwined The development efforts are undertaken in the contexts of strategies to achieve political stability, institution-building, popular participation and advocating human rights The reform of government and improvement of governance often go hand in hand with reform and improvement of the economy The only a reformed government and improved governance can provide a reasonable amount of political stability, political and economic guidelines The only good government that is likely to institutionalize democracy through fair elections, provide an adequate system of polecies for popular UNIT 8: DEFINING MANAGEMENT Management has been callled “the art of getting things done through people” Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling a members and organization’s resources to achieve stated organizational goals A process is a systematic way of doing things Planning implies that managers think through their goals and actions in advance Organizing means that managers co-ordinate the humand and material resources of the organization Leading means that directing and influencing subordinates, getting others to perform essential tasks Controlling means that setting things right A managers use all the resources of the organization –its finances, equipment anf information as well as its people – to attain their goals ... are: (1) representative, (2) policy making and (3) management The staff emloyed in the municipal councils are experts in different fields UNIT 7: GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS Text 1: governance,... and activity of the National Assembly, the People’s Councils, and all other state organs Exercise 1: Complementary reading Read the following text carefully, then answer the questions that follow... national security and social order, and organize public life UNIT 3: THE LEGISLATURE OF THE SRV Text 1: The Legislature of the Socialist Republic of Viet nam In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the